PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
REVIEW 2025 VERIFIED
PASSMARK
1. . Nicotinic acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The
nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this
medication?
A. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
B. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
C. Myalgia, fatigue
D. Blurred vision, headaches - Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
2. When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic
anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse monitors for which possible
adverse effect?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Elevated blood glucose
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Drowsiness - B. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in diabetics
3. When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which
statement by the nurse is correct? Select all that apply.
A. "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week
and keep track of the readings."
B. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be
able to stop taking the drug."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but
let's check with your doctor first."
, D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us
know at your next office visit."
E. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with
antihypertensive drugs."
4. f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - "You
should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track
of the readings."
5. C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's
check with your doctor first."
A. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us
know at your next office visit."f. "please continue the medication,
even if you are feeling better"
6. 1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use
which technique?
A. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
B. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina
episode.
C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is
applied.
D. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered
with plastic wrap. - C. The old ointment should be removed before
new ointment is applied.
7. 10. A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for
cerebral edema and is given which type of drug to reduce intracranial
pressure?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Osmotic diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Vasodilators - B. Osmotic diuretics
8. 10. A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months
complains of having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this
cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
, C. Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers - B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors other adverse effects are: fatigue, dizziness, mood
changes, and headaches. Dry non productive cough which is
reversible when stopping ACE therapy. has a first dose hypotension
effect
9. 10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone
recognizes that this drug should have a positive inotropic effect. This effect
will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - C. force of
cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP) positive inotropic (by more
calcium available in SR)effect and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive
chornotropic effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE
EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension
and angina, hypokalemia, tremor.
10.10. The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when
a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs?
A. Bile acid sequestrants
B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C. Fibric acid derivatives
D. Niacin - B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
11.10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the
nurse knows to monitor for which adverse effect?
A. Nervousness
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
D. Dry cough - C. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2 receptors) other
adverse effects: negative chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and
negative dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased
airway resistence (asthma and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin
release.
, 12.A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This
patient is very independent and wants to continue to live at home, despite
his diagnosis of mild heart failure. The nurse will know that which teaching
point is important for this patient?
A. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
B. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
C. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and
take potassium supplements instead.
D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of
possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls. - D.
He should take extra precautions when standing up because of
possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls.
13.The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been
ordered. Based on this order, the nurse interprets that the patient has
which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - B. Acutely decompensated
heart failure with dyspnea at rest
14.When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about
possible drug-food interactions, the nurse should discuss which food?
A. Oatmeal
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Licorice
D. Dairy products - B. Grapefruit juice
15.11. Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is
experiencing hypertension?
A. mannitol (Osmitrol)
B. enalapril (Vasotec)
C. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D. methyldopa (Aldomet) - D. methyldopa (Aldomet); alpha 2-
adrenergic receptor stimulators (agonist); has high incidence of
REVIEW 2025 VERIFIED
PASSMARK
1. . Nicotinic acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The
nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this
medication?
A. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
B. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
C. Myalgia, fatigue
D. Blurred vision, headaches - Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
2. When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic
anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse monitors for which possible
adverse effect?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Elevated blood glucose
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Drowsiness - B. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in diabetics
3. When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which
statement by the nurse is correct? Select all that apply.
A. "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week
and keep track of the readings."
B. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be
able to stop taking the drug."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but
let's check with your doctor first."
, D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us
know at your next office visit."
E. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with
antihypertensive drugs."
4. f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - "You
should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track
of the readings."
5. C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's
check with your doctor first."
A. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us
know at your next office visit."f. "please continue the medication,
even if you are feeling better"
6. 1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use
which technique?
A. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
B. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina
episode.
C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is
applied.
D. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered
with plastic wrap. - C. The old ointment should be removed before
new ointment is applied.
7. 10. A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for
cerebral edema and is given which type of drug to reduce intracranial
pressure?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Osmotic diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Vasodilators - B. Osmotic diuretics
8. 10. A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months
complains of having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this
cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
, C. Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers - B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors other adverse effects are: fatigue, dizziness, mood
changes, and headaches. Dry non productive cough which is
reversible when stopping ACE therapy. has a first dose hypotension
effect
9. 10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone
recognizes that this drug should have a positive inotropic effect. This effect
will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - C. force of
cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP) positive inotropic (by more
calcium available in SR)effect and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive
chornotropic effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE
EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension
and angina, hypokalemia, tremor.
10.10. The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when
a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs?
A. Bile acid sequestrants
B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C. Fibric acid derivatives
D. Niacin - B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
11.10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the
nurse knows to monitor for which adverse effect?
A. Nervousness
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
D. Dry cough - C. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2 receptors) other
adverse effects: negative chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and
negative dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased
airway resistence (asthma and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin
release.
, 12.A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This
patient is very independent and wants to continue to live at home, despite
his diagnosis of mild heart failure. The nurse will know that which teaching
point is important for this patient?
A. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
B. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
C. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and
take potassium supplements instead.
D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of
possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls. - D.
He should take extra precautions when standing up because of
possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls.
13.The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been
ordered. Based on this order, the nurse interprets that the patient has
which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - B. Acutely decompensated
heart failure with dyspnea at rest
14.When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about
possible drug-food interactions, the nurse should discuss which food?
A. Oatmeal
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Licorice
D. Dairy products - B. Grapefruit juice
15.11. Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is
experiencing hypertension?
A. mannitol (Osmitrol)
B. enalapril (Vasotec)
C. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D. methyldopa (Aldomet) - D. methyldopa (Aldomet); alpha 2-
adrenergic receptor stimulators (agonist); has high incidence of
