HOSA healthcare disparities Final
Exam and All Correct Answers 2025-
2026 Update.
Which state had the greatest economic burden due to the health disparities based on
educational level? - Answer South Carolina
According to 2016-2017 OECD data, which of the following countries has the lowest infant
mortality rate? - Answer Japan
According to WHO, how many years could be added to a person's life expectancy if primary care
interventions increased in low- and middle-income countries? - Answer 3.7 years
Multiple myeloma has a high incidence in what racial population? - Answer African Americans
What are the social determinants of health? - Answer conditions in which people are born,
grow, live, work and age; the complex, integrated, and overlapping social structures and
economic systems that are responsible for most health inequities
What are healthcare inequities? - Answer the unfair and avoidable differences in health status
seen within and between two countries
allostatic load - Answer the physiological response to the stress of being in a position of social
disadvantage, which over a period of years can result in physiologic injury and illness
race is a ... - Answer social construct
The proportion of the U.S. economy that goes for providing healthcare rose from _____ in 1988
to ____ in 2016. - Answer 11%; 17.9%
Healthcare cost increases are due to? - Answer expansion of Affordable Care Act, heavy
investment in new medications, new facilities, new technology
Top two causes of death in the U.S. - Answer cardiovascular disease and cancer
, "deaths of despair" - Answer suicide and opioid overdose
In the 1960s/70s, why did Nevadas have such worse health and higher risk of lung cancer and
liver cirrhosis than Utahans? - Answer influence of Mormon church caused lower rates of
divorce, migration, smoking, and drinking in Utah
What was responsible for the decline in tuberculosis death rates in england and wales from
1840 to 1970? - Answer rising standard of living; i.e better nutrition, sanitation, housing, less
crowding, and better public health measures
how much did TB death rates decrease after the introduction of the tuberculosis vaccine in
England and Wales from 1948 to 1971? - Answer 51%
heart disease, stroke, cancer, and chronic lung disease accounted for what % of all deaths in the
U.S. in 2011? - Answer 59%
as socioeconomic status decreases, adult and infant mortality rate ... - Answer increases
Affordable Care Act - Answer An expansion of medicaid, most of employers must provide
health insurance, have insurance or face surtax, prevents rejection based on pre-existing
condition. Also referred to as "Obamacare", signed into law in 2010.
When did the federal government start providing coverage for vulnerable segments of our
society (poor and elderly)? - Answer 1960s
2 years after ACA enactment, how many people had no health insurance? - Answer 48 million
In 2014, after changes to the ACA were made, how many people had no health insurance? -
Answer 27 million
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) - Answer less than 1,000 g at birth
paraplegia - Answer damage to spinal cord that causes permanent paralysis from the waist
down
Exam and All Correct Answers 2025-
2026 Update.
Which state had the greatest economic burden due to the health disparities based on
educational level? - Answer South Carolina
According to 2016-2017 OECD data, which of the following countries has the lowest infant
mortality rate? - Answer Japan
According to WHO, how many years could be added to a person's life expectancy if primary care
interventions increased in low- and middle-income countries? - Answer 3.7 years
Multiple myeloma has a high incidence in what racial population? - Answer African Americans
What are the social determinants of health? - Answer conditions in which people are born,
grow, live, work and age; the complex, integrated, and overlapping social structures and
economic systems that are responsible for most health inequities
What are healthcare inequities? - Answer the unfair and avoidable differences in health status
seen within and between two countries
allostatic load - Answer the physiological response to the stress of being in a position of social
disadvantage, which over a period of years can result in physiologic injury and illness
race is a ... - Answer social construct
The proportion of the U.S. economy that goes for providing healthcare rose from _____ in 1988
to ____ in 2016. - Answer 11%; 17.9%
Healthcare cost increases are due to? - Answer expansion of Affordable Care Act, heavy
investment in new medications, new facilities, new technology
Top two causes of death in the U.S. - Answer cardiovascular disease and cancer
, "deaths of despair" - Answer suicide and opioid overdose
In the 1960s/70s, why did Nevadas have such worse health and higher risk of lung cancer and
liver cirrhosis than Utahans? - Answer influence of Mormon church caused lower rates of
divorce, migration, smoking, and drinking in Utah
What was responsible for the decline in tuberculosis death rates in england and wales from
1840 to 1970? - Answer rising standard of living; i.e better nutrition, sanitation, housing, less
crowding, and better public health measures
how much did TB death rates decrease after the introduction of the tuberculosis vaccine in
England and Wales from 1948 to 1971? - Answer 51%
heart disease, stroke, cancer, and chronic lung disease accounted for what % of all deaths in the
U.S. in 2011? - Answer 59%
as socioeconomic status decreases, adult and infant mortality rate ... - Answer increases
Affordable Care Act - Answer An expansion of medicaid, most of employers must provide
health insurance, have insurance or face surtax, prevents rejection based on pre-existing
condition. Also referred to as "Obamacare", signed into law in 2010.
When did the federal government start providing coverage for vulnerable segments of our
society (poor and elderly)? - Answer 1960s
2 years after ACA enactment, how many people had no health insurance? - Answer 48 million
In 2014, after changes to the ACA were made, how many people had no health insurance? -
Answer 27 million
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) - Answer less than 1,000 g at birth
paraplegia - Answer damage to spinal cord that causes permanent paralysis from the waist
down
