BIO 1500: chapter 18
1. fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are examples of...: chordates
2. Chordata phylum : cladogram
3. Deuterostomes (triploblastic) two phyla:
• Echinodermata: marine animals, radial symmetry, spiny
covering (sea stars, sea urchins). Bilateral symmetry in larval stage.
• Chordata: most familiar members are , but phylum also in-
cludes two groups of invertebrate chordates: invertebrate, vertebrates
4. Vertebrates:
Best-known extinct vertebrates are , unique group of rep-
tiles.
,• Were the dominant terrestrial animals for 150 MY, until mass extinction near
end of period (except for feathered theropod ancestors of
modern birds)
• Much is known about anatomy of dinosaurs and early birds, given the
preservation of numerous skeletal elements, nests, eggs, and embryos in the
record: dinosaurs, Cretaceous, fossil
5. Early in Cambrian period, 530 MYA, a wide range of inhab-
ited the earth's oceans: invertebrates
6. One type of animal gave rise to , one of the most suc-
cessful groups of animals: vertebrates
7. One lineage of vertebrates colonized the land 365 MYA gave rise to modern
, , (including birds), and : am-
phibians, reptiles, mammals
8. Chordates share five key characteristics at some stage during development:
This includes...: nerve cord, pharyngeal gills/slits, a post-anal tail, and an endostyle/thyroid gland, notochord
9. : flexible, rod-shaped mesodermal structure, provides
rigid and flexible skeletal support and location for attachment of muscles: Noto-
chord
, 10. Chordates may not retain all five characteristics throughout all life (TRUE OR
FALSE): TRUE
11. Two clades of invertebrates chordates:
1. (lancelets)
2. (tunicates): Cephalochordate, Urochordata
12. Vertebrates (Vertebrata/Craniata clade): named for the vertebral column. ->
(with a cranium): Craniata
all five key
13. Invertebrate chordates
(lancelets): bladelike shape. Adult retain
characteristics of chordates: Cephalochordates
14. Invertebrate chordates
1. fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are examples of...: chordates
2. Chordata phylum : cladogram
3. Deuterostomes (triploblastic) two phyla:
• Echinodermata: marine animals, radial symmetry, spiny
covering (sea stars, sea urchins). Bilateral symmetry in larval stage.
• Chordata: most familiar members are , but phylum also in-
cludes two groups of invertebrate chordates: invertebrate, vertebrates
4. Vertebrates:
Best-known extinct vertebrates are , unique group of rep-
tiles.
,• Were the dominant terrestrial animals for 150 MY, until mass extinction near
end of period (except for feathered theropod ancestors of
modern birds)
• Much is known about anatomy of dinosaurs and early birds, given the
preservation of numerous skeletal elements, nests, eggs, and embryos in the
record: dinosaurs, Cretaceous, fossil
5. Early in Cambrian period, 530 MYA, a wide range of inhab-
ited the earth's oceans: invertebrates
6. One type of animal gave rise to , one of the most suc-
cessful groups of animals: vertebrates
7. One lineage of vertebrates colonized the land 365 MYA gave rise to modern
, , (including birds), and : am-
phibians, reptiles, mammals
8. Chordates share five key characteristics at some stage during development:
This includes...: nerve cord, pharyngeal gills/slits, a post-anal tail, and an endostyle/thyroid gland, notochord
9. : flexible, rod-shaped mesodermal structure, provides
rigid and flexible skeletal support and location for attachment of muscles: Noto-
chord
, 10. Chordates may not retain all five characteristics throughout all life (TRUE OR
FALSE): TRUE
11. Two clades of invertebrates chordates:
1. (lancelets)
2. (tunicates): Cephalochordate, Urochordata
12. Vertebrates (Vertebrata/Craniata clade): named for the vertebral column. ->
(with a cranium): Craniata
all five key
13. Invertebrate chordates
(lancelets): bladelike shape. Adult retain
characteristics of chordates: Cephalochordates
14. Invertebrate chordates
