Food microbiology exam questions
and answers graded A+
Why eat fermented foods? - ANS✅✅Sensory changes (flavour and texture), extended shelf life,
improved digestibility, increased dietary value, safety, and therapeutic (probiotic)
What types of organisms can ferment food? - ANS✅✅Bacteria, fungi, can be from starter culture,
or natural microflora
Nutrients in food are converted during fermentation. What is produced? - ANS✅✅Organic
compounds, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of energy
How do fermentative organisms preserve food? - ANS✅✅Lactic acid and other compounds
produced inhibit spoilage bacteria and pathogens
What is the gram reaction of lactic acid bacteria? (LAB) - ANS✅✅Gram-positive
What oxygen levels do LAB (lactic acid bacteria) prefer? - ANS✅✅Low oxygen
How many genera of LAB are there? - ANS✅✅13
What do homofermentative lactic acid bacteria produce from glucose? - ANS✅✅Glucose ->
pyruvate -> lactate
What do heteromfermative Lactic acid bacteria product from glucose? - ANS✅✅Glucoses -> G6P -
> acetate, lactate, and ethanol
What is the gram reaction of acetic acid bacteria? - ANS✅✅Gram negative
Why is acetobacter important? - ANS✅✅It consumes ethanol to produce harsh tasting acetic acid
in beer
and answers graded A+
Why eat fermented foods? - ANS✅✅Sensory changes (flavour and texture), extended shelf life,
improved digestibility, increased dietary value, safety, and therapeutic (probiotic)
What types of organisms can ferment food? - ANS✅✅Bacteria, fungi, can be from starter culture,
or natural microflora
Nutrients in food are converted during fermentation. What is produced? - ANS✅✅Organic
compounds, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of energy
How do fermentative organisms preserve food? - ANS✅✅Lactic acid and other compounds
produced inhibit spoilage bacteria and pathogens
What is the gram reaction of lactic acid bacteria? (LAB) - ANS✅✅Gram-positive
What oxygen levels do LAB (lactic acid bacteria) prefer? - ANS✅✅Low oxygen
How many genera of LAB are there? - ANS✅✅13
What do homofermentative lactic acid bacteria produce from glucose? - ANS✅✅Glucose ->
pyruvate -> lactate
What do heteromfermative Lactic acid bacteria product from glucose? - ANS✅✅Glucoses -> G6P -
> acetate, lactate, and ethanol
What is the gram reaction of acetic acid bacteria? - ANS✅✅Gram negative
Why is acetobacter important? - ANS✅✅It consumes ethanol to produce harsh tasting acetic acid
in beer