Page 1 of 127
COGSCI180 Midterm 2 Questions with 100%
Verified Answers UPDATED!!!
Dissociation from the Self - ANSWER Dissociation/dissociative
disorders often linked to trauma
During traumatic experiences, intense desire to act happens
while paralyzed with horror - body/brain "freeze" → dissociate
to avoid physical/emotional pain
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) - ANSWER Develops in
response to a shocking/scary/dangerous event
Symptoms: disturbing thoughts/feelings/dreams related to
events, mental/physical distress to trauma-related cues
Neurologically, PTSD characterized by: hyperarousal,
dissociation, attempts to avoid trauma-related cues, negative
changes in thinking and mood, increase in fight-or-flight
response
,Page 2 of 127
Dissociative aspect of trauma - ANSWER The trauma experience
entails urge to take action (fight or flight) @ same time that one
is paralyzed by helplessness
- Sense of horror "frozen" in body → person dissociates
As a result, little/no connections form
between neocortex & memory
storage/emotional centers (e.g., amygdala)
PTSD associated with over-activation of brain's opioid system →
numbing of feelings, sense of being cut off
from life/concern about others' feelings
Psychotherapeutic treatment for PTSD may take the form of... -
ANSWER 2 forms:
1) Cognitive behavioral therapy: patient retells/reconstructs
story of trauma in safe environment (play therapy for children)
2) Somatic therapies:
,Page 3 of 127
- In trauma, sense of horror gets "frozen" in body → person
dissociates
- Somatic therapies like bioenergetics, sensorimotor
psychotherapy, EMDR focus on helping clients...
− Reconnect w/emotions by reconnecting w/body
− Express frozen emotions to foster emotional release, heal
trauma. Ex: Pat Ogden case
- Mindfulness therapy for treatment of trauma may work
similarly
★ Case examples of traumatic memories getting frozen in body
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) - ANSWER Patient asked to
retell/reconstruct story of trauma in safe environment (play
therapy for children)
- Story should include emotional reactions experienced + events
- Goal: put entire memory into words to capture dissociated
parts from conscious recall
- Memories are thereby brought more under control of
neocortex - reactions they kindle can be more manageable
- Also, retelling story in safety/security, with trusted therapist
enables security rather than terror to be associated/connected
to trauma memories
, Page 4 of 127
May need to focus more on Cognitive Behavior Therapy,
relaxation techniques, or physical exercise initially, esp in cases
of severe trauma
Somatic therapies (methods, goals, example) - ANSWER
Bioenergetics, sensorimotor psychotherapy, EMDR
In trauma, horror gets "frozen" in body → person dissociates.
Somatic therapies focus on helping clients...
− Reconnect w/those emotions by reconnecting with the body
− Express frozen emotions as a way to foster emotional release
& heal trauma
Ex: Pat Ogden case
Mindfulness therapy for treatment of trauma may work in a
similar way
★ Case examples of traumatic memories getting frozen in body
COGSCI180 Midterm 2 Questions with 100%
Verified Answers UPDATED!!!
Dissociation from the Self - ANSWER Dissociation/dissociative
disorders often linked to trauma
During traumatic experiences, intense desire to act happens
while paralyzed with horror - body/brain "freeze" → dissociate
to avoid physical/emotional pain
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) - ANSWER Develops in
response to a shocking/scary/dangerous event
Symptoms: disturbing thoughts/feelings/dreams related to
events, mental/physical distress to trauma-related cues
Neurologically, PTSD characterized by: hyperarousal,
dissociation, attempts to avoid trauma-related cues, negative
changes in thinking and mood, increase in fight-or-flight
response
,Page 2 of 127
Dissociative aspect of trauma - ANSWER The trauma experience
entails urge to take action (fight or flight) @ same time that one
is paralyzed by helplessness
- Sense of horror "frozen" in body → person dissociates
As a result, little/no connections form
between neocortex & memory
storage/emotional centers (e.g., amygdala)
PTSD associated with over-activation of brain's opioid system →
numbing of feelings, sense of being cut off
from life/concern about others' feelings
Psychotherapeutic treatment for PTSD may take the form of... -
ANSWER 2 forms:
1) Cognitive behavioral therapy: patient retells/reconstructs
story of trauma in safe environment (play therapy for children)
2) Somatic therapies:
,Page 3 of 127
- In trauma, sense of horror gets "frozen" in body → person
dissociates
- Somatic therapies like bioenergetics, sensorimotor
psychotherapy, EMDR focus on helping clients...
− Reconnect w/emotions by reconnecting w/body
− Express frozen emotions to foster emotional release, heal
trauma. Ex: Pat Ogden case
- Mindfulness therapy for treatment of trauma may work
similarly
★ Case examples of traumatic memories getting frozen in body
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) - ANSWER Patient asked to
retell/reconstruct story of trauma in safe environment (play
therapy for children)
- Story should include emotional reactions experienced + events
- Goal: put entire memory into words to capture dissociated
parts from conscious recall
- Memories are thereby brought more under control of
neocortex - reactions they kindle can be more manageable
- Also, retelling story in safety/security, with trusted therapist
enables security rather than terror to be associated/connected
to trauma memories
, Page 4 of 127
May need to focus more on Cognitive Behavior Therapy,
relaxation techniques, or physical exercise initially, esp in cases
of severe trauma
Somatic therapies (methods, goals, example) - ANSWER
Bioenergetics, sensorimotor psychotherapy, EMDR
In trauma, horror gets "frozen" in body → person dissociates.
Somatic therapies focus on helping clients...
− Reconnect w/those emotions by reconnecting with the body
− Express frozen emotions as a way to foster emotional release
& heal trauma
Ex: Pat Ogden case
Mindfulness therapy for treatment of trauma may work in a
similar way
★ Case examples of traumatic memories getting frozen in body
