BUREAU’S
HIGHER SECONDARY (+2)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PART - I
Approved by the Council of Higher Secondary Education,
Odisha for +2 Examination
BOARD OF WRITERS
Ranjan Kumar Bal
Department of Physics
B.J.B. Junior College, Bhubaneswar
Ajay Kumar Mishra Dhruba Charan Pradhan
Department of Computer Science Department of Information Technology
P.N. Autonomous College, Khordha S.B. Women‘s College, Cuttack
REVIEWER
Nrusingha Charan Samal
Retired Reader in Physics
Published by
THE ODISHA STATE BUREAU OF TEXTBOOK
PREPARATION AND PRODUCTION,
PUSTAK BHAVAN, BHUBANESWAR
,Published by :
The Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation and Production
Pustak Bhavan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
First Edition :
Publication No : 177
ISBN : 978-81-8005-351-1
© Reserved by The Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation and
Production, Bhubaneswar. No part of this publication may be reproduced
in any form without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Typesetting and Designed by : Print-Tech Offset Pvt. Ltd., Bhubaneswar
Printed at : Jagannath Process Pvt. Ltd., Cuttack
Price : ` 150/- (Rupees One Hundred Fifty Only)
, Foreword
In recent past Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has caught
the attention of academia, business, government and communities to use it for innovative
profitable propositions. It is becoming common to use the devices like, desktop, laptop
or palmtop computers, smart phones, digital & wireless gadgets for streaming videos,
etc in public life. This century is characterized with the emergence of knowledge based
society wherein ICT plays a pivotal role. In its vision, the National Policy on ICT in
School Education by Ministry of Human Resource & Development, Govt. of India, states
―The ICT policy in School Education aims at preparing youth to participate creatively
in the establishment, sustenance and growth of a knowledge society leading to all around
socio-economic development of the nation and global competitiveness‖. In order to bring
in uniformity in course curriculum over national level, Council of Higher Secondary
Education (Odisha) has decided to orient the +2 courses in CBSE pattern. This would
enable the students of the state to get a level playing field, in so far as the national level
competitive examinations are concerned. The current syllabus of Informatics Technology
has been revisited accordingly with a focus on generic concepts with domain specific
practical experiments and projects to ensure conceptual knowledge with practical skills.
. The societal impact of ICT has been discussed. A new Unit on IT Applications has
been added to enhance the knowledge of e_Governance and e_Learning platforms
available over the internet. Open Standards and Open Source to promote Vendor
Neutrality of tools has been introduced. Creativity and Collaborative Learning/
Programming is also an added feature. For IDE based programming, Java is introduced
in place of VB. Relational Database Management System is dealt with using My SQL
in place of MS-Access.
The Council had constituted a board of writers comprising of professionals
and experienced teachers and entrusted the task of publishing the Textbook on
Information Technology to the Bureau.
I record my sincere thanks to the Council for allowing the Bureau to publish
the text book for +2 students of the state. I do hereby express my appreciation and
gratitude to the writers, for their co operation and diligence in preparing the manuscript
of this book. My special thanks goes to Prof N.C Samal for meticulously reviewing the
contents of the book before Publication.
Finally, I could not but extend my deep sense of appreciation to the officers
and staff of Bureau, and specially to Sri Biraja Bhusan Mohanty, Deputy Director of
the Bureau for his untiring efforts to make this new version press ready. Due care has
been taken to make the book free from errors. But it is the first edition of the book!
Therefore, I shall happily acknowledge the suggestions regarding any correction or
improvement from its readers.
I hope all success for the book.
Dr. Geetika Patnaik
Director
, Preface
Information and Communication Technology has been rapidly changing
and its performance growth has been exponential, thanks to development in
hardware as well as software sector all around. Initially the focus was on
computer architecture and operating system techniques to support run-time
programming with platform independence and to increase application
programmers‘ productivity. Client could separately buy servers, Operating
Systems, middleware, storage, etc. Next came the web browsers, leading to the
emergence of connected computer systems and computing platforms. Key factors
included TCP/IP and Ethernet as standard communication protocols and
affordable PCs. IT service industry grew that led to outsourcing IT operations.
This delivery model is now being challenged by another model of cloud
computing. Information Technology that refers to the convergence of computer,
communication and content technologies plays catalytic role in emergence of
new socio-economic applications. Need of introducing IT as an elective subject
to all the students of Arts, Commerce and Science stream was felt earlier to
build problem-solving skills among the students just before they enter the
professional courses. Accordingly Textbook on IT was published as per the
syllabus of prepared by the CHSE (Odisha). The curriculum was revisited so as
to make students better prepared for career in various industries requiring IT
tools and applications. Therefore, it was felt to upgrade the existing Text book
as per the revised syllabus. This is the beginning of preparing a text book for
+2 1st year classes on Information Technology.
In this new version, we have introduced Open Standards and Open
Source aiming at Vendor Neutrality of tools, Creative computing and
Collaborative Learning environment, development of Front End Interface, Back
End Database and connectivity of both, so that a student would get a complete
feel of Application Development. A Unicode Chart of Odia Characters is being
provided at the end of Chapter-3 for the benefit of students & teachers
The authors would like to express their appreciation of the expertise,
understanding and kindness displayed by the Director, Dy Director Sri Biraj
Bhusan Mohanty and staff of the Bureau in the preparation of these books.
Authors are grateful to Dr Brundaban Pradhan, Lecturer in Physics, B J B
Junior College, Bhubaneswar for providing valuable logical and material support
during the preparation of this book.
Akshayatrutiya Authors
The 09th May, 2016
HIGHER SECONDARY (+2)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PART - I
Approved by the Council of Higher Secondary Education,
Odisha for +2 Examination
BOARD OF WRITERS
Ranjan Kumar Bal
Department of Physics
B.J.B. Junior College, Bhubaneswar
Ajay Kumar Mishra Dhruba Charan Pradhan
Department of Computer Science Department of Information Technology
P.N. Autonomous College, Khordha S.B. Women‘s College, Cuttack
REVIEWER
Nrusingha Charan Samal
Retired Reader in Physics
Published by
THE ODISHA STATE BUREAU OF TEXTBOOK
PREPARATION AND PRODUCTION,
PUSTAK BHAVAN, BHUBANESWAR
,Published by :
The Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation and Production
Pustak Bhavan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
First Edition :
Publication No : 177
ISBN : 978-81-8005-351-1
© Reserved by The Odisha State Bureau of Textbook Preparation and
Production, Bhubaneswar. No part of this publication may be reproduced
in any form without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Typesetting and Designed by : Print-Tech Offset Pvt. Ltd., Bhubaneswar
Printed at : Jagannath Process Pvt. Ltd., Cuttack
Price : ` 150/- (Rupees One Hundred Fifty Only)
, Foreword
In recent past Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has caught
the attention of academia, business, government and communities to use it for innovative
profitable propositions. It is becoming common to use the devices like, desktop, laptop
or palmtop computers, smart phones, digital & wireless gadgets for streaming videos,
etc in public life. This century is characterized with the emergence of knowledge based
society wherein ICT plays a pivotal role. In its vision, the National Policy on ICT in
School Education by Ministry of Human Resource & Development, Govt. of India, states
―The ICT policy in School Education aims at preparing youth to participate creatively
in the establishment, sustenance and growth of a knowledge society leading to all around
socio-economic development of the nation and global competitiveness‖. In order to bring
in uniformity in course curriculum over national level, Council of Higher Secondary
Education (Odisha) has decided to orient the +2 courses in CBSE pattern. This would
enable the students of the state to get a level playing field, in so far as the national level
competitive examinations are concerned. The current syllabus of Informatics Technology
has been revisited accordingly with a focus on generic concepts with domain specific
practical experiments and projects to ensure conceptual knowledge with practical skills.
. The societal impact of ICT has been discussed. A new Unit on IT Applications has
been added to enhance the knowledge of e_Governance and e_Learning platforms
available over the internet. Open Standards and Open Source to promote Vendor
Neutrality of tools has been introduced. Creativity and Collaborative Learning/
Programming is also an added feature. For IDE based programming, Java is introduced
in place of VB. Relational Database Management System is dealt with using My SQL
in place of MS-Access.
The Council had constituted a board of writers comprising of professionals
and experienced teachers and entrusted the task of publishing the Textbook on
Information Technology to the Bureau.
I record my sincere thanks to the Council for allowing the Bureau to publish
the text book for +2 students of the state. I do hereby express my appreciation and
gratitude to the writers, for their co operation and diligence in preparing the manuscript
of this book. My special thanks goes to Prof N.C Samal for meticulously reviewing the
contents of the book before Publication.
Finally, I could not but extend my deep sense of appreciation to the officers
and staff of Bureau, and specially to Sri Biraja Bhusan Mohanty, Deputy Director of
the Bureau for his untiring efforts to make this new version press ready. Due care has
been taken to make the book free from errors. But it is the first edition of the book!
Therefore, I shall happily acknowledge the suggestions regarding any correction or
improvement from its readers.
I hope all success for the book.
Dr. Geetika Patnaik
Director
, Preface
Information and Communication Technology has been rapidly changing
and its performance growth has been exponential, thanks to development in
hardware as well as software sector all around. Initially the focus was on
computer architecture and operating system techniques to support run-time
programming with platform independence and to increase application
programmers‘ productivity. Client could separately buy servers, Operating
Systems, middleware, storage, etc. Next came the web browsers, leading to the
emergence of connected computer systems and computing platforms. Key factors
included TCP/IP and Ethernet as standard communication protocols and
affordable PCs. IT service industry grew that led to outsourcing IT operations.
This delivery model is now being challenged by another model of cloud
computing. Information Technology that refers to the convergence of computer,
communication and content technologies plays catalytic role in emergence of
new socio-economic applications. Need of introducing IT as an elective subject
to all the students of Arts, Commerce and Science stream was felt earlier to
build problem-solving skills among the students just before they enter the
professional courses. Accordingly Textbook on IT was published as per the
syllabus of prepared by the CHSE (Odisha). The curriculum was revisited so as
to make students better prepared for career in various industries requiring IT
tools and applications. Therefore, it was felt to upgrade the existing Text book
as per the revised syllabus. This is the beginning of preparing a text book for
+2 1st year classes on Information Technology.
In this new version, we have introduced Open Standards and Open
Source aiming at Vendor Neutrality of tools, Creative computing and
Collaborative Learning environment, development of Front End Interface, Back
End Database and connectivity of both, so that a student would get a complete
feel of Application Development. A Unicode Chart of Odia Characters is being
provided at the end of Chapter-3 for the benefit of students & teachers
The authors would like to express their appreciation of the expertise,
understanding and kindness displayed by the Director, Dy Director Sri Biraj
Bhusan Mohanty and staff of the Bureau in the preparation of these books.
Authors are grateful to Dr Brundaban Pradhan, Lecturer in Physics, B J B
Junior College, Bhubaneswar for providing valuable logical and material support
during the preparation of this book.
Akshayatrutiya Authors
The 09th May, 2016
