NAGELHOUT PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ALL
ANSWERS CORRECT (NEWEST)
used to distinguish between two agonists that act on the same receptor in terms
of their maximal response (efficacy). The lowest dose is needed for the most
potent medication.
Describe potency or affinity:
used to characterize an agonist's greatest potential action. The effectiveness of a
full agonist would be higher than that of a partial agonist.
Describe intrinsic activity or efficacy:
the study of how a drug's concentration varies during its distribution,
metabolism, excretion, and absorption.
Pharmacokinetics: "What the body does to the drug"
1. The size of molecules
2. Transporters of drugs
3. Lipid solubility and ionization
4. Trapping Ions
5. The interaction of proteins
Pharmacokinetic action is influenced by which characteristics?
1. Vessel Rich: Q 75ml/min/100g; 75% CO; 10% BW
2. Muscle - Q 3ml/min/100g; 50% BW; 20% CO
3. 20% BW, 6% CO, and Q 3 ml/min/100 g
Give an explanation of the tissue groups according to perfusion:
An expression that connects serum concentration (Pc) to the amount of
medication in the body. Dose/Pc = Vd
Vd, or volume of distribution, is what?
, PC has a more slow slope when it is eliminated from the body, but it decreases
quickly when it is distributed among the blood and organs.
What is represented by this curve?
1. Oxidation: O2 and electron loss
2. Reduction: electron gain and no O2
3. Hydrolysis: H2O and electron gain
What are some instances of phase 1 reactions or metabolism?
1. Succinylcholine
2. Mivacuricum
3. Ester LAs, or cocaine
4. Neostigmine/Edrophonium (Partial Pathway) Which medications related to
anesthesia are hydrolyzed in phase 1 by PChE or pseudocholinesterase?
1. Remifentanil
2. Atracurium
3. Cisatracurium
4. Esmolol
5. The ASA
6. Clevidipine
Which medications related to anesthesia are hydrolyzed in phase 1 by
nonspecific esterases?
The process of creating a compound from an endogenous acid is known as
conjugation.
What are some instances of phase II metabolism or phase II reactions?
When a drug's PC falls below half of its initial fast bolus concentration, how
long does it take?
What is t1/2, terminal half-life, or elimination?
ratio of blood flow to extraction times
Q x E = Clearance
The definition of elimination or clearing is:
ANSWERS CORRECT (NEWEST)
used to distinguish between two agonists that act on the same receptor in terms
of their maximal response (efficacy). The lowest dose is needed for the most
potent medication.
Describe potency or affinity:
used to characterize an agonist's greatest potential action. The effectiveness of a
full agonist would be higher than that of a partial agonist.
Describe intrinsic activity or efficacy:
the study of how a drug's concentration varies during its distribution,
metabolism, excretion, and absorption.
Pharmacokinetics: "What the body does to the drug"
1. The size of molecules
2. Transporters of drugs
3. Lipid solubility and ionization
4. Trapping Ions
5. The interaction of proteins
Pharmacokinetic action is influenced by which characteristics?
1. Vessel Rich: Q 75ml/min/100g; 75% CO; 10% BW
2. Muscle - Q 3ml/min/100g; 50% BW; 20% CO
3. 20% BW, 6% CO, and Q 3 ml/min/100 g
Give an explanation of the tissue groups according to perfusion:
An expression that connects serum concentration (Pc) to the amount of
medication in the body. Dose/Pc = Vd
Vd, or volume of distribution, is what?
, PC has a more slow slope when it is eliminated from the body, but it decreases
quickly when it is distributed among the blood and organs.
What is represented by this curve?
1. Oxidation: O2 and electron loss
2. Reduction: electron gain and no O2
3. Hydrolysis: H2O and electron gain
What are some instances of phase 1 reactions or metabolism?
1. Succinylcholine
2. Mivacuricum
3. Ester LAs, or cocaine
4. Neostigmine/Edrophonium (Partial Pathway) Which medications related to
anesthesia are hydrolyzed in phase 1 by PChE or pseudocholinesterase?
1. Remifentanil
2. Atracurium
3. Cisatracurium
4. Esmolol
5. The ASA
6. Clevidipine
Which medications related to anesthesia are hydrolyzed in phase 1 by
nonspecific esterases?
The process of creating a compound from an endogenous acid is known as
conjugation.
What are some instances of phase II metabolism or phase II reactions?
When a drug's PC falls below half of its initial fast bolus concentration, how
long does it take?
What is t1/2, terminal half-life, or elimination?
ratio of blood flow to extraction times
Q x E = Clearance
The definition of elimination or clearing is:
