RADT 1200 Final
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1. What is the smallest part of an element that possessed all the properties of
that element?: Atom
2. Who developed the atomic model in 1913?: Niels Bohr
3. What is a molecule?: combinations of atoms of various elements
4. What element plays a huge role in the radiation effects on the body?: Water
5. What is a compound?: molecules that contain at least 2 different elements
6. What is characterized by the SHARING of electrons?: Covalent Bonding
7. What type of bonding occurs when atoms of OPPOSITE charges are ATTRACT-
ED to each other?: Ionic bonding
8. Which type of bonding is caused by ionization?: Ionic bonding
9. H2O makes up approximately what percent of the body?: 80
10. Over 95% of the body is comprised of only 4 elements, what are they?: Hydrogen,
oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
11. The mass of proton and neutrons is what?: 1
12. T/F Atomic mass unit is more precise than atomic mass number.: True
13. What is the mass for an electron?: 0
14. What letter corresponds with "atomic number"?: "Z" Number
15. Atomic number= number of: protons
16. What letter corresponds with "atomic mass number"?: "A" number
17. How can you find out the atomic mass number of an element?: find the sum of
number of protons and number of neutrons
18. What are isotopes?: atoms have the same atomic number, but different mass number
19. Isotopes are important in what modality?: nuclear medicine
20. What are isotones?: atoms having the same number of neutrons, but different number of protons
21. What are isobars?: atoms having the same mass number, but different atomic numbers
22. what are isomers?: atoms having the same atomic number and the same mass number
23. Which shell is the innermost layer of an atom?
Outermost?: K, Q
24. What is centripetal force?: any force that causes an object to move in a circular path, "cemter seeking"
25. What is centrifugal force?: flying out from center
, RADT 1200 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i0s4qd
26. What shell has the highest electron binding energy?
Lowest?: K
Q
27. T/F: Periods on a periodic table are rows and groups are columns.: False, vise versa
28. T/F The normal state of an atom is positive.: False, its neutral
29. What is ionization?: The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
30. The greater the binding energy, the _____ energy is necessary to ionize an
atom.: more
31. What are the 2 types of ionizing radiation?: Particulate (alpha & beta), electromagnetic
(gamme & x-rays)
32. How is particulate radiation created?: through radioactive decay or disintegration or radionu-
clides or radioisotopes.
33. What is the radioactive decay law?: Rate of decay and amount of radioactive material present
"Half-life"- how much time is required for radioactivity to be reduced to 1/2.
34. Which particulate radiation does more damage from the inside than the
outside?: alpha particles
35. Alpha particles contain how many protons and neutrons?: 2 of each
36. Alpha particles are equivalent to: helium nucleus
37. Mass of a alpha particle: 4 amu
38. Alpha particles can be stopped by?: a sheet of paper
39. T/F: Alpha particles cannot penetrate the skin. You would have to ingest or
inhale them.: True
40. What is the mass of a beta particle?: 0 amu
41. Beta particles are emitted from?: the nucleus of an atom
42. T/F: The range of a alpha particle is longer than a beta.: False
43. Beta particles can be stopped by?: a piece of aluminum
44. T/F: Beta particles are light particles. (as in weight): True
45. Gamma rays are emitted from?: the nucleus of a radioisotope
46. Gamma rays exist only at the speed of?: light
47. Gamma rays are important in what modality?: nuclear medicine
48. T/F: Gamma rays are highly penetrating.: True
49. Where do x-rays originate in?: shells of atoms, outside of nucleus
, RADT 1200 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i0s4qd
50. X-rays exist only at the speed of?: light
51. Gamma rays can be stopped by?: lead or concrete
52. What is the longest wavelength in diagnostic radiography?: GRENZ radiation
53. WHat is used to treat skin ailments?: Grenz radiation
54. May receive some GRENZ in what modality?: mammography
55. Photons are described as "_______________ _____________" moving through
space at the speed (velocity) of light.: energy disturbances
56. T/F: The speed of light is 3 x 10^8 m/s.: True
57. What is amplitude?: Height of a wave
58. What is frequency?: number of waves per second
59. What is wavelength?: distance between crests
60. Frequency is measured in?: Hertz (Hz)
61. Wavelength is represented by: λ (lambda)
62. What is angstrom?: 10^-10 m
63. What is nanometer?: 1 billionth of a meter
64. What is the wave equation?: v = fλ
65. What kind of relationship does frequency and wavelength have?: inverse
66. T/F: In scientific notation, when you move to the left you are going to add to
your exponent. If you're going to the right then you are going to subtract you
exponent.: true
67. When distance is 2x as much intensity is?: 1/4
68. When distance is 1/2 intensity is?: 4x
69. X-ray photons can be: absorbed
transmitted
scattered
70. What is radiopaque?: Structures that absorb x-ray
White
Bone
71. What is radiolucent?: Structures that attenuate x-rays
Black
Lung tissue
72. hydrogen takes up ___% of the atoms of the body: 60
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i0s4qd
1. What is the smallest part of an element that possessed all the properties of
that element?: Atom
2. Who developed the atomic model in 1913?: Niels Bohr
3. What is a molecule?: combinations of atoms of various elements
4. What element plays a huge role in the radiation effects on the body?: Water
5. What is a compound?: molecules that contain at least 2 different elements
6. What is characterized by the SHARING of electrons?: Covalent Bonding
7. What type of bonding occurs when atoms of OPPOSITE charges are ATTRACT-
ED to each other?: Ionic bonding
8. Which type of bonding is caused by ionization?: Ionic bonding
9. H2O makes up approximately what percent of the body?: 80
10. Over 95% of the body is comprised of only 4 elements, what are they?: Hydrogen,
oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
11. The mass of proton and neutrons is what?: 1
12. T/F Atomic mass unit is more precise than atomic mass number.: True
13. What is the mass for an electron?: 0
14. What letter corresponds with "atomic number"?: "Z" Number
15. Atomic number= number of: protons
16. What letter corresponds with "atomic mass number"?: "A" number
17. How can you find out the atomic mass number of an element?: find the sum of
number of protons and number of neutrons
18. What are isotopes?: atoms have the same atomic number, but different mass number
19. Isotopes are important in what modality?: nuclear medicine
20. What are isotones?: atoms having the same number of neutrons, but different number of protons
21. What are isobars?: atoms having the same mass number, but different atomic numbers
22. what are isomers?: atoms having the same atomic number and the same mass number
23. Which shell is the innermost layer of an atom?
Outermost?: K, Q
24. What is centripetal force?: any force that causes an object to move in a circular path, "cemter seeking"
25. What is centrifugal force?: flying out from center
, RADT 1200 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i0s4qd
26. What shell has the highest electron binding energy?
Lowest?: K
Q
27. T/F: Periods on a periodic table are rows and groups are columns.: False, vise versa
28. T/F The normal state of an atom is positive.: False, its neutral
29. What is ionization?: The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
30. The greater the binding energy, the _____ energy is necessary to ionize an
atom.: more
31. What are the 2 types of ionizing radiation?: Particulate (alpha & beta), electromagnetic
(gamme & x-rays)
32. How is particulate radiation created?: through radioactive decay or disintegration or radionu-
clides or radioisotopes.
33. What is the radioactive decay law?: Rate of decay and amount of radioactive material present
"Half-life"- how much time is required for radioactivity to be reduced to 1/2.
34. Which particulate radiation does more damage from the inside than the
outside?: alpha particles
35. Alpha particles contain how many protons and neutrons?: 2 of each
36. Alpha particles are equivalent to: helium nucleus
37. Mass of a alpha particle: 4 amu
38. Alpha particles can be stopped by?: a sheet of paper
39. T/F: Alpha particles cannot penetrate the skin. You would have to ingest or
inhale them.: True
40. What is the mass of a beta particle?: 0 amu
41. Beta particles are emitted from?: the nucleus of an atom
42. T/F: The range of a alpha particle is longer than a beta.: False
43. Beta particles can be stopped by?: a piece of aluminum
44. T/F: Beta particles are light particles. (as in weight): True
45. Gamma rays are emitted from?: the nucleus of a radioisotope
46. Gamma rays exist only at the speed of?: light
47. Gamma rays are important in what modality?: nuclear medicine
48. T/F: Gamma rays are highly penetrating.: True
49. Where do x-rays originate in?: shells of atoms, outside of nucleus
, RADT 1200 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i0s4qd
50. X-rays exist only at the speed of?: light
51. Gamma rays can be stopped by?: lead or concrete
52. What is the longest wavelength in diagnostic radiography?: GRENZ radiation
53. WHat is used to treat skin ailments?: Grenz radiation
54. May receive some GRENZ in what modality?: mammography
55. Photons are described as "_______________ _____________" moving through
space at the speed (velocity) of light.: energy disturbances
56. T/F: The speed of light is 3 x 10^8 m/s.: True
57. What is amplitude?: Height of a wave
58. What is frequency?: number of waves per second
59. What is wavelength?: distance between crests
60. Frequency is measured in?: Hertz (Hz)
61. Wavelength is represented by: λ (lambda)
62. What is angstrom?: 10^-10 m
63. What is nanometer?: 1 billionth of a meter
64. What is the wave equation?: v = fλ
65. What kind of relationship does frequency and wavelength have?: inverse
66. T/F: In scientific notation, when you move to the left you are going to add to
your exponent. If you're going to the right then you are going to subtract you
exponent.: true
67. When distance is 2x as much intensity is?: 1/4
68. When distance is 1/2 intensity is?: 4x
69. X-ray photons can be: absorbed
transmitted
scattered
70. What is radiopaque?: Structures that absorb x-ray
White
Bone
71. What is radiolucent?: Structures that attenuate x-rays
Black
Lung tissue
72. hydrogen takes up ___% of the atoms of the body: 60
