NUR 254 Exam 2 (GalEN CollEGE of NURsiNG)
2025 UPDaTE 50 QUEsTioNs aND VERifiED
aNsWERs || 100% CoRRECT <laTEsT VERsioN>
DEsCRiPTioN: NUR 254 Exam 2 (2025 UPDaTE)
iNClUDEs 50 VERifiED QUEsTioNs aND aNsWERs
fRom GalEN CollEGE of NURsiNG. CoVERs
PaTiENT CaRE, PaThoPhysioloGy, aND NURsiNG
iNTERVENTioNs. PERfECT foR sTUDENTs
PREPaRiNG foR ThEiR sECoND NURsiNG Exam
WiTh 100% aCCURaCy.
KEyWoRDs: NUR 254 GalEN CollEGE of NURsiNG
Exam 2 PaTiENT CaRE PaThoPhysioloGy
NURsiNG iNTERVENTioNs VERifiED aNsWERs
Of course. Here are 100 well-crafted questions and answers, formatted as requested, simulating
1. A patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism is dyspneic and anxious. What is the
nurse's priority action?
A. Administer prescribed morphine for anxiety.
B. Apply a nasal cannula and initiate oxygen therapy.
C. Draw blood for an arterial blood gas (ABG) test.
D. Place the patient in a high-Fowler's position.
, B. Apply a nasal cannula and initiate oxygen therapy. (The priority is to address impaired
gas exchange and hypoxia.)
2. The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who has bilateral crackles, dyspnea, and
SpO2 of 88%. The nurse should prepare for which primary intervention?
A. Administration of a beta-blocker.
B. Administration of a diuretic like furosemide.
C. Administration of digoxin.
D. Administration of an ACE inhibitor.
B. Administration of a diuretic like furosemide. (These are signs of pulmonary edema/fluid
overload; diuretics help remove excess fluid.)
3. A patient with COPD is prescribed a high-protein, high-calorie diet. What is the primary
rationale for this nutritional intervention?
A. To prevent hyperglycemia.
B. To promote weight loss and reduce cardiac workload.
C. To meet increased energy demands from the work of breathing.
D. To correct chronic respiratory acidosis.
C. To meet increased energy demands from the work of breathing. (Patients with COPD
expend a significant amount of energy just to breathe.)
4. Which finding is an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Cyanosis
B. Restlessness and Confusion
C. Bradycardia
D. Stupor
B. Restlessness and Confusion. (Early hypoxia affects the brain, leading to restlessness and
anxiety. Cyanosis is a late sign.)
5. A patient is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Fifteen minutes after the transfusion
begins, the patient reports chills and low back pain. What is the nurse's immediate action?
A. Slow the infusion rate and monitor vital signs.
B. Stop the transfusion, keep the IV line open with normal saline, and notify the provider.
C. Administer an antihistamine as prescribed.
D. Check for a blood type mismatch in the chart.
B. Stop the transfusion, keep the IV line open with normal saline, and notify the
provider. (These are classic signs of a hemolytic transfusion reaction, which is a medical
emergency.)
, 6. What is the primary goal of using incentive spirometry postoperatively?
A. To relieve pain.
B. To prevent atelectasis.
C. To reduce fever.
D. To promote coughing.
B. To prevent atelectasis. (Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing, which inflates
the alveoli and prevents collapse.)
7. A patient with a potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L is at risk for which cardiac complication?
A. Asystole
B. Ventricular Fibrillation
C. Premature Atrial Contractions
D. Sinus Bradycardia
B. Ventricular Fibrillation. (Severe hyperkalemia causes life-threatening cardiac
dysrhythmias, with V-fib being a primary concern.)
8. The nurse is teaching a patient with heart failure about a 2-gram sodium diet. Which
statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will read food labels carefully for sodium content."
B. "I can use herbs and lemon juice instead of salt to flavor my food."
C. "A frozen dinner is a quick and healthy option for me."
D. "I should avoid processed meats like ham and bacon."
C. "A frozen dinner is a quick and healthy option for me." (Frozen dinners are typically very
high in sodium and should be avoided on a sodium-restricted diet.)
9. Which acid-base imbalance is most commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis
A. Metabolic Acidosis. (DKA leads to the production of ketoacids, which lowers the blood
pH, causing a metabolic acidosis.)
10. A patient with a chest tube connected to a water-seal drainage system is suspected of
having an air leak. How should the nurse assess for this?
A. Clamp the tube at the insertion site.
B. Listen for bubbling in the water-seal chamber.
2025 UPDaTE 50 QUEsTioNs aND VERifiED
aNsWERs || 100% CoRRECT <laTEsT VERsioN>
DEsCRiPTioN: NUR 254 Exam 2 (2025 UPDaTE)
iNClUDEs 50 VERifiED QUEsTioNs aND aNsWERs
fRom GalEN CollEGE of NURsiNG. CoVERs
PaTiENT CaRE, PaThoPhysioloGy, aND NURsiNG
iNTERVENTioNs. PERfECT foR sTUDENTs
PREPaRiNG foR ThEiR sECoND NURsiNG Exam
WiTh 100% aCCURaCy.
KEyWoRDs: NUR 254 GalEN CollEGE of NURsiNG
Exam 2 PaTiENT CaRE PaThoPhysioloGy
NURsiNG iNTERVENTioNs VERifiED aNsWERs
Of course. Here are 100 well-crafted questions and answers, formatted as requested, simulating
1. A patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism is dyspneic and anxious. What is the
nurse's priority action?
A. Administer prescribed morphine for anxiety.
B. Apply a nasal cannula and initiate oxygen therapy.
C. Draw blood for an arterial blood gas (ABG) test.
D. Place the patient in a high-Fowler's position.
, B. Apply a nasal cannula and initiate oxygen therapy. (The priority is to address impaired
gas exchange and hypoxia.)
2. The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who has bilateral crackles, dyspnea, and
SpO2 of 88%. The nurse should prepare for which primary intervention?
A. Administration of a beta-blocker.
B. Administration of a diuretic like furosemide.
C. Administration of digoxin.
D. Administration of an ACE inhibitor.
B. Administration of a diuretic like furosemide. (These are signs of pulmonary edema/fluid
overload; diuretics help remove excess fluid.)
3. A patient with COPD is prescribed a high-protein, high-calorie diet. What is the primary
rationale for this nutritional intervention?
A. To prevent hyperglycemia.
B. To promote weight loss and reduce cardiac workload.
C. To meet increased energy demands from the work of breathing.
D. To correct chronic respiratory acidosis.
C. To meet increased energy demands from the work of breathing. (Patients with COPD
expend a significant amount of energy just to breathe.)
4. Which finding is an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Cyanosis
B. Restlessness and Confusion
C. Bradycardia
D. Stupor
B. Restlessness and Confusion. (Early hypoxia affects the brain, leading to restlessness and
anxiety. Cyanosis is a late sign.)
5. A patient is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Fifteen minutes after the transfusion
begins, the patient reports chills and low back pain. What is the nurse's immediate action?
A. Slow the infusion rate and monitor vital signs.
B. Stop the transfusion, keep the IV line open with normal saline, and notify the provider.
C. Administer an antihistamine as prescribed.
D. Check for a blood type mismatch in the chart.
B. Stop the transfusion, keep the IV line open with normal saline, and notify the
provider. (These are classic signs of a hemolytic transfusion reaction, which is a medical
emergency.)
, 6. What is the primary goal of using incentive spirometry postoperatively?
A. To relieve pain.
B. To prevent atelectasis.
C. To reduce fever.
D. To promote coughing.
B. To prevent atelectasis. (Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing, which inflates
the alveoli and prevents collapse.)
7. A patient with a potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L is at risk for which cardiac complication?
A. Asystole
B. Ventricular Fibrillation
C. Premature Atrial Contractions
D. Sinus Bradycardia
B. Ventricular Fibrillation. (Severe hyperkalemia causes life-threatening cardiac
dysrhythmias, with V-fib being a primary concern.)
8. The nurse is teaching a patient with heart failure about a 2-gram sodium diet. Which
statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will read food labels carefully for sodium content."
B. "I can use herbs and lemon juice instead of salt to flavor my food."
C. "A frozen dinner is a quick and healthy option for me."
D. "I should avoid processed meats like ham and bacon."
C. "A frozen dinner is a quick and healthy option for me." (Frozen dinners are typically very
high in sodium and should be avoided on a sodium-restricted diet.)
9. Which acid-base imbalance is most commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis
A. Metabolic Acidosis. (DKA leads to the production of ketoacids, which lowers the blood
pH, causing a metabolic acidosis.)
10. A patient with a chest tube connected to a water-seal drainage system is suspected of
having an air leak. How should the nurse assess for this?
A. Clamp the tube at the insertion site.
B. Listen for bubbling in the water-seal chamber.
