EDCO 745 Data SCrEEning aSSignmEnt 2025 UPDatE COmPLEtE
SOLUtiOnS anD EXPLanatiOnS || 100% gUarantEED PaSS <LatESt
VErSiOn>
DESCriPtiOn: thE EDCO 745 Data SCrEEning aSSignmEnt (2025)
inCLUDES COmPLEtE SOLUtiOnS anD ratiOnaLE fOr Data
PrEParatiOn, SCrEEning, anD StatiStiCaL aSSUmPtiOnS. COVErS
SPSS OUtPUt intErPrEtatiOn anD aPa-StyLE rEPOrting. iDEaL fOr
graDUatE StUDEntS in COUnSELing anD EDUCatiOn rESEarCh.
KEywOrDS: EDCO 745 Data SCrEEning SPSS StatiStiCaL anaLySiS
aPa rEPOrting rESEarCh mEthODS VErifiED SOLUtiOnS
Section 1: Foundational Concepts & Data Preparation (Q1-20)
1. What is the primary goal of data screening?
A. To ensure the accuracy and quality of the data before conducting statistical analyses.
B. To manipulate the data to achieve significant results.
C. To create visually appealing graphs for a report.
D. To reduce the number of variables in the dataset.
2. Which of the following is the first step in the data screening process?
A. Testing for normality.
B. Data entry and checking for accuracy.
C. Running inferential statistics.
D. Writing the results section.
3. In SPSS, what is the function of the "Variable View" tab?
A. To enter raw data from participants.
B. To define the properties of each variable (e.g., name, type, labels, values).
C. To run statistical analyses like t-tests and ANOVAs.
D. To visualize data with charts and graphs.
4. Why is it crucial to define "Missing Values" in the Variable View of SPSS?
A. To delete those cases from the dataset permanently.
, B. To inform SPSS how to handle these values so they are excluded from analyses
appropriately.
C. To automatically replace them with the mean.
D. It has no significant impact on the analysis.
5. A researcher has a variable for "Gender" coded as 1 = Male, 2 = Female, 3 = Non-Binary.
What is the correct "Measure" type to assign in SPSS?
A. Scale
B. Ordinal
C. Nominal
D. Ratio
(Rationale: While often debated, in strict measurement theory, gender categories have no
inherent order, making it Nominal. Some practitioners may treat it as Ordinal if only two groups,
but with three or more distinct categories, Nominal is most accurate.)
6. What is the purpose of running "Frequencies" for all variables during data screening?
A. To identify out-of-range values, missing data, and get a sense of the distribution.
B. To calculate the correlation between variables.
C. To determine if the data is normally distributed.
D. To test for homogeneity of variance.
7. An out-of-range value is identified when:
A. A value is exactly at the mean.
B. A value falls outside the predefined possible range (e.g., a 7 on a 1-5 Likert scale).
C. A value is missing.
D. A value is a negative number.
8. How should an out-of-range value typically be handled?
A. It should always be automatically changed to the mean.
B. It should be ignored as it is not important.
C. It should be corrected by referring back to the original data source or recoded as missing
if it cannot be verified.
D. It should be used to remove the entire participant's data.
9. What does "Listwise" deletion mean in the context of handling missing data?
A. If a case (participant) has a missing value for any variable in the analysis, the entire case is
dropped.
B. Only the specific missing value is ignored, and the case is retained for analyses involving other
variables where it has data.
, C. The missing value is replaced with the variable's mean.
D. The missing value is replaced with a value from a similar case.
10. What does "Pairwise" deletion mean?
A. The entire dataset is deleted if any missing value is found.
B. A case is excluded only from specific analyses where the variable it is missing is used, but
it can be included in other analyses where it has complete data.
C. It is another term for Listwise deletion.
D. It involves deleting pairs of variables with too much missing data.
11. Listwise deletion is generally preferred over pairwise deletion when:
A. The sample size is very large, and the amount of missing data is minimal.
B. You want to maintain a consistent sample size across all analyses and ensure the same
participants are being compared.
C. You have a very small sample size and need to retain as much data as possible.
D. The data is Missing Completely at Random (MCAR).
12. The "Descriptives" command in SPSS is most useful for quickly obtaining what for scale
variables?
A. Frequency tables.
B. The mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum values.
C. Bar charts and pie charts.
D. Tests of normality.
13. What is the purpose of "Recoding" a variable in SPSS?
A. To delete the variable from the dataset.
B. To transform existing values into new values (e.g., reverse-coding negatively worded
survey items).
C. To calculate a new mean for the variable.
D. To make the variable names more descriptive.
14. Before computing a total scale score from multiple items, it is essential to:
A. Ensure all items are measured on the same scale.
B. Check if any items need to be reverse-scored so that a high score consistently reflects the
same construct direction.
C. Delete any item with a missing value.
D. Both A and B.
15. "Compute Variable" in SPSS is used to:
A. Run a t-test.
SOLUtiOnS anD EXPLanatiOnS || 100% gUarantEED PaSS <LatESt
VErSiOn>
DESCriPtiOn: thE EDCO 745 Data SCrEEning aSSignmEnt (2025)
inCLUDES COmPLEtE SOLUtiOnS anD ratiOnaLE fOr Data
PrEParatiOn, SCrEEning, anD StatiStiCaL aSSUmPtiOnS. COVErS
SPSS OUtPUt intErPrEtatiOn anD aPa-StyLE rEPOrting. iDEaL fOr
graDUatE StUDEntS in COUnSELing anD EDUCatiOn rESEarCh.
KEywOrDS: EDCO 745 Data SCrEEning SPSS StatiStiCaL anaLySiS
aPa rEPOrting rESEarCh mEthODS VErifiED SOLUtiOnS
Section 1: Foundational Concepts & Data Preparation (Q1-20)
1. What is the primary goal of data screening?
A. To ensure the accuracy and quality of the data before conducting statistical analyses.
B. To manipulate the data to achieve significant results.
C. To create visually appealing graphs for a report.
D. To reduce the number of variables in the dataset.
2. Which of the following is the first step in the data screening process?
A. Testing for normality.
B. Data entry and checking for accuracy.
C. Running inferential statistics.
D. Writing the results section.
3. In SPSS, what is the function of the "Variable View" tab?
A. To enter raw data from participants.
B. To define the properties of each variable (e.g., name, type, labels, values).
C. To run statistical analyses like t-tests and ANOVAs.
D. To visualize data with charts and graphs.
4. Why is it crucial to define "Missing Values" in the Variable View of SPSS?
A. To delete those cases from the dataset permanently.
, B. To inform SPSS how to handle these values so they are excluded from analyses
appropriately.
C. To automatically replace them with the mean.
D. It has no significant impact on the analysis.
5. A researcher has a variable for "Gender" coded as 1 = Male, 2 = Female, 3 = Non-Binary.
What is the correct "Measure" type to assign in SPSS?
A. Scale
B. Ordinal
C. Nominal
D. Ratio
(Rationale: While often debated, in strict measurement theory, gender categories have no
inherent order, making it Nominal. Some practitioners may treat it as Ordinal if only two groups,
but with three or more distinct categories, Nominal is most accurate.)
6. What is the purpose of running "Frequencies" for all variables during data screening?
A. To identify out-of-range values, missing data, and get a sense of the distribution.
B. To calculate the correlation between variables.
C. To determine if the data is normally distributed.
D. To test for homogeneity of variance.
7. An out-of-range value is identified when:
A. A value is exactly at the mean.
B. A value falls outside the predefined possible range (e.g., a 7 on a 1-5 Likert scale).
C. A value is missing.
D. A value is a negative number.
8. How should an out-of-range value typically be handled?
A. It should always be automatically changed to the mean.
B. It should be ignored as it is not important.
C. It should be corrected by referring back to the original data source or recoded as missing
if it cannot be verified.
D. It should be used to remove the entire participant's data.
9. What does "Listwise" deletion mean in the context of handling missing data?
A. If a case (participant) has a missing value for any variable in the analysis, the entire case is
dropped.
B. Only the specific missing value is ignored, and the case is retained for analyses involving other
variables where it has data.
, C. The missing value is replaced with the variable's mean.
D. The missing value is replaced with a value from a similar case.
10. What does "Pairwise" deletion mean?
A. The entire dataset is deleted if any missing value is found.
B. A case is excluded only from specific analyses where the variable it is missing is used, but
it can be included in other analyses where it has complete data.
C. It is another term for Listwise deletion.
D. It involves deleting pairs of variables with too much missing data.
11. Listwise deletion is generally preferred over pairwise deletion when:
A. The sample size is very large, and the amount of missing data is minimal.
B. You want to maintain a consistent sample size across all analyses and ensure the same
participants are being compared.
C. You have a very small sample size and need to retain as much data as possible.
D. The data is Missing Completely at Random (MCAR).
12. The "Descriptives" command in SPSS is most useful for quickly obtaining what for scale
variables?
A. Frequency tables.
B. The mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum values.
C. Bar charts and pie charts.
D. Tests of normality.
13. What is the purpose of "Recoding" a variable in SPSS?
A. To delete the variable from the dataset.
B. To transform existing values into new values (e.g., reverse-coding negatively worded
survey items).
C. To calculate a new mean for the variable.
D. To make the variable names more descriptive.
14. Before computing a total scale score from multiple items, it is essential to:
A. Ensure all items are measured on the same scale.
B. Check if any items need to be reverse-scored so that a high score consistently reflects the
same construct direction.
C. Delete any item with a missing value.
D. Both A and B.
15. "Compute Variable" in SPSS is used to:
A. Run a t-test.
