MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MSN 570
FINAL EXAM 1 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS GRADED A+
GUARANTEED PASS (RATIONALES) |
Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?
a. anabolism
b. catabolism
c. substrate-induced reaction
d. second messenger system –
Correct Answer :b. catabolism
Catabolism is an energy-releasing process. The energy-using process is
anabolism. A substrate is a specific substance that is converted to a product in
A+ TEST BANK 1
, MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
the reaction. A second messenger is a "pass-it-on signal." This occurs when a
first messenger activates a receptor that then triggers a pass-it-on signal.
Which of the following is not an accepted theory of aging?
a. Cellular aging results from wear and tear over the course of a lifetime
b. Degeneration of extracellular materials such as collagen contributes to aging.
c. The process of transcription during protein synthesis becomes more error-
prone as a cell ages.
d. Genetic mechanisms of aging are programmed in a cell's DNA. –
Correct Answer :c. The process of transcription during protein synthesis
becomes more error-prone as a cell ages.
This theory, known as the catastrophic or error-prone theory of aging, is not
generally supported by scientific evidence.
Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
a. Free radical-induced injury
b. Chemical injury
c. Hypoxia
D. Mechanical factors –
Correct Answer :c. Hypoxia
A+ TEST BANK 2
, MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Hypoxia is the most common cause of cellular injury and can be initiated by
decreased oxygen in the environment, decreased hemoglobin, decreased red
blood cells, or cardiovascular collapse. A free radical-induced injury, chemical
injury, and mechanical factors are other types of cell injury but are not the most
common.
Which of the following molecules accumulates in liver cells as a result of alcohol
abuse?
a. water
b. fat (lipids)
c. protein
d. iron –
Correct Answer :b. fat (lipids)
Alcohol injury results in the accumulation of microvesicular fat, a condition
described as alcoholic foamy steatosis.
Which of the following molecules is likely to accumulate in any dead or dying
tissues?
a. calcium
b. protein
c. uric acid
d. melanin –
Correct Answer :a. calcium
A+ TEST BANK 3
, MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
When calcium pumps fail due to mitochondrial injury, calcium accumulates in the
cytoplasm and contributes to irreversible cellular injury and cell death.
Which of the following organs is affected by Gaucher disease?
a. liver, spleen, bone marrow
b. CNS and eyes
c. Heart, peripheral arteries, long bones
d. Stomach, esophagus, and small intestines –
Correct Answer :a. liver, spleen, bone marrow
Gaucher disease is caused by the accumulation of a fatty substance called
glucocerebroside in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. It also affects the lungs
and brain.
Which statement best describes a desmosome?
a. A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
b. Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
c. A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
d. Desmosomes function as a zona occludens. –
Correct Answer :b. Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
A+ TEST BANK 4
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MSN 570
FINAL EXAM 1 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS GRADED A+
GUARANTEED PASS (RATIONALES) |
Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?
a. anabolism
b. catabolism
c. substrate-induced reaction
d. second messenger system –
Correct Answer :b. catabolism
Catabolism is an energy-releasing process. The energy-using process is
anabolism. A substrate is a specific substance that is converted to a product in
A+ TEST BANK 1
, MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
the reaction. A second messenger is a "pass-it-on signal." This occurs when a
first messenger activates a receptor that then triggers a pass-it-on signal.
Which of the following is not an accepted theory of aging?
a. Cellular aging results from wear and tear over the course of a lifetime
b. Degeneration of extracellular materials such as collagen contributes to aging.
c. The process of transcription during protein synthesis becomes more error-
prone as a cell ages.
d. Genetic mechanisms of aging are programmed in a cell's DNA. –
Correct Answer :c. The process of transcription during protein synthesis
becomes more error-prone as a cell ages.
This theory, known as the catastrophic or error-prone theory of aging, is not
generally supported by scientific evidence.
Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
a. Free radical-induced injury
b. Chemical injury
c. Hypoxia
D. Mechanical factors –
Correct Answer :c. Hypoxia
A+ TEST BANK 2
, MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Hypoxia is the most common cause of cellular injury and can be initiated by
decreased oxygen in the environment, decreased hemoglobin, decreased red
blood cells, or cardiovascular collapse. A free radical-induced injury, chemical
injury, and mechanical factors are other types of cell injury but are not the most
common.
Which of the following molecules accumulates in liver cells as a result of alcohol
abuse?
a. water
b. fat (lipids)
c. protein
d. iron –
Correct Answer :b. fat (lipids)
Alcohol injury results in the accumulation of microvesicular fat, a condition
described as alcoholic foamy steatosis.
Which of the following molecules is likely to accumulate in any dead or dying
tissues?
a. calcium
b. protein
c. uric acid
d. melanin –
Correct Answer :a. calcium
A+ TEST BANK 3
, MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
When calcium pumps fail due to mitochondrial injury, calcium accumulates in the
cytoplasm and contributes to irreversible cellular injury and cell death.
Which of the following organs is affected by Gaucher disease?
a. liver, spleen, bone marrow
b. CNS and eyes
c. Heart, peripheral arteries, long bones
d. Stomach, esophagus, and small intestines –
Correct Answer :a. liver, spleen, bone marrow
Gaucher disease is caused by the accumulation of a fatty substance called
glucocerebroside in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. It also affects the lungs
and brain.
Which statement best describes a desmosome?
a. A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
b. Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
c. A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
d. Desmosomes function as a zona occludens. –
Correct Answer :b. Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
A+ TEST BANK 4
