NUR2349 / NUR 2349 / PN1 Professional Nursing 1 Exam 1 Study Guide | Rated A | Latest 2020 / 2021| Rasmussen College

NUR2349 / NUR 2349 / PN1 Professional Nursing 1 Exam 1 Study Guide | Rated A | Latest 2020 / 2021| Rasmussen College M.S. disorders Paget’s etiology Unknown etiology – may run in families - Second most common bone disease - difficult to diagnosis because the pain associated with Paget’s disease is similar to arthritis - chronic bone disorder with no definitive cure (creates new bone q2 weeks—should be q3 months) look for deformities (bull legged) - Men women - More commonly Anglo-Saxon ancestry - Mostly asymptomatic, deep achy pain that incr with wt bearing; Increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) will help DX and rule out arthritis Osteoporosis pathophysiology, s/s, and treatment - Any age - 8x more likely in women especially after menopause - “silent disease” - First sign is a fracture -primary osteoporosis is not known, it is known that the rate of bone loss is strongly correlated with genetics, estrogen, and other risk factors -Secondary osteoporosis can be linked to nutritional deficiencies, endocrine function abnormalities, and disuse Assessment/Diagnosis - Height loss, Back pain complaints, Kyphosis - most common fracture sites seen with osteoporosis are the forearm, femur (hip), ribs, and spine - ID by X-ray and measurement of bone mineral density - Laboratory studies that may be conducted to assess the patient are calcium, magnesium, phosphate, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, and protein electrophoresis Treatments • Recommends a total of 1000 mg to 1500 mg of calcium a day to maintain good bone health. That is equivalent to five 8-ounce glasses of milk • addition of a vitamin D supplement to the calcium can reduce the incidence of hip fractures in patients with a current diagnosis of osteoporosis • Alendronate (Fosamax), risedronate (Actonel), and ibandronate (Boniva) are medications from the class of drugs called bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates are approved for both prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis • Raloxifene (Evista) is approved for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis • Calcitonin (Miacalcin, Fortical) is a naturally occurring hormone involved in calcium regulation and bone metabolism • weight-bearing exercise is a simple and low-cost measure in the fight against osteoporosis. Walking is the easiest therapy