CWNA 109 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
Refraction - Answers When radio waves change direction as they pass through a medium.
Scattering - Answers When radio waves encounter obstacles such as walls, buildings or other
objects in their path and scatter in multiple directions.
Absorption - Answers When radio waves get absorbed by materials as it passes through them,
resulting in signal loss.
Reflection - Answers When radio waves change direction as they pass through a medium.
Diffraction - Answers The bending and spreading of radio frequency waves as they encounter
obstacles in their path.
VSWR - Answers The amount of energy reflected back from an antenna due to impedance
mismatches between the antenna and the transmission line.
IEEE - Answers The primary regulatory body for 802.11 standards.
802.11s - Answers Introduces the concept of wireless mesh networking for improved coverage
and reliability.
Phase - Answers Represents the position of an electromagnetic wave at a specific point in time,
measured in degrees or radians.
FSPL - Answers Is the attenuation or reduction signal strength as it propagates through free
space.
Receiving station sensitivity, Transmitting stations output power, Free Space Path Loss -
Answers Factors that influence the distance at which an RF signal can be effectively received.
23 dBm - Answers A WLAN transmitter that emits a 50mW signal is connected to a cable with 3
dB loss. If the cable is connected to an antenna with 9dBi gain, what is the EIRP at the antenna
element?
80 MHz channels, Mu-Mimo, 256-QAM - Answers Technologies debuted in the 802.11ac-2013
amendment.
Fade Margin - Answers An additional pad of signal strength designed into the RF system to
compensate for unpredictable signal fading.
Isotropic - Answers Antenna is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions.
Antenna Azimuth - Answers Refers to the horizontal direction in which an antenna is pointing.
Patch antenna - Answers A flat directional antenna that is compact with high gain.
Refraction - Answers When radio waves change direction as they pass through a medium.
Scattering - Answers When radio waves encounter obstacles such as walls, buildings or other
objects in their path and scatter in multiple directions.
Absorption - Answers When radio waves get absorbed by materials as it passes through them,
resulting in signal loss.
Reflection - Answers When radio waves change direction as they pass through a medium.
Diffraction - Answers The bending and spreading of radio frequency waves as they encounter
obstacles in their path.
VSWR - Answers The amount of energy reflected back from an antenna due to impedance
mismatches between the antenna and the transmission line.
IEEE - Answers The primary regulatory body for 802.11 standards.
802.11s - Answers Introduces the concept of wireless mesh networking for improved coverage
and reliability.
Phase - Answers Represents the position of an electromagnetic wave at a specific point in time,
measured in degrees or radians.
FSPL - Answers Is the attenuation or reduction signal strength as it propagates through free
space.
Receiving station sensitivity, Transmitting stations output power, Free Space Path Loss -
Answers Factors that influence the distance at which an RF signal can be effectively received.
23 dBm - Answers A WLAN transmitter that emits a 50mW signal is connected to a cable with 3
dB loss. If the cable is connected to an antenna with 9dBi gain, what is the EIRP at the antenna
element?
80 MHz channels, Mu-Mimo, 256-QAM - Answers Technologies debuted in the 802.11ac-2013
amendment.
Fade Margin - Answers An additional pad of signal strength designed into the RF system to
compensate for unpredictable signal fading.
Isotropic - Answers Antenna is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions.
Antenna Azimuth - Answers Refers to the horizontal direction in which an antenna is pointing.
Patch antenna - Answers A flat directional antenna that is compact with high gain.
