PN 3003 Variations (Mental Health) exam
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
questions with answers |\ |\
definition of mental health vs mental illness
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mental health: |\
-state of wellbeing in one's own abilities & normal stresses of life
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-only in a complete state of wellbeing when physical, mental, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
social well being is intact
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mental illness: |\
-disturbance in a person's cognition, emotions, or behaviors |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
primary gain vs secondary gain |\ |\ |\ |\
primary: anxiety is diverted to the physical problem (ex:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
stressing over final, deciding to skip it = no more anxiety)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secondary: receiving attention from another (ex: attention from
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
teacher, classmates, etc) |\ |\
repression vs regression |\ |\
repression
-suppressing a thought or desire so it remains unconscious |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: child gets bitten by a dog & develops intense phobia of dogs
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
later in adulthood & doesn't remember experience as a child
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regression
-defense mechanism where person reverts back to an earlier
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
stage of development
|\ |\
ex: in periods of stress, person may revert to bedwetting or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
thumb sucking |\
,define displacement |\
defense mechanism where it involves an individual transferring
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
negative feelings from one person or thing to another
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: a person who is angry at their boss and may take out their
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
anger on a family member |\ |\ |\ |\
define rationalization |\
Making excuses for actions or feelings
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: person is rejected by crush & rationalizes situation by saying
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
they were not attracted to other person anyway
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
define intellectualization|\
defense mechanism where person avoid uncomfortable emotions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by focusing on facts & logic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: if person A is rude to person B, person B may think about
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
possible reasons for person A's behavior |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what are the stages of grief?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
|\ |\ |\ |\
describe denial stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-avoiding reality & may act like nothing happened |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-allows an adjustment period to gather coping strategies for
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
grieving
describe anger stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-occurs once reality is real |\ |\ |\ |\
-expressed in many ways, like crying, expressions of self-blame|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and guilt |\
-sometimes anger can turn inwards, which results in physical |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
illness and/or psychological dysfunction
|\ |\ |\
describe bargaining stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
,-an attempt to postpone acceptance of reality
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-frequent labile moods |\ |\
-continued anger & unwillingness to accept loss |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
describe depression stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-deep sense of loss as reality of what happened or anticipated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
settles
-may withdraw from social interaction
|\ |\ |\ |\
-predominant affect is feelings or emptiness or loss |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-sadness & grief can be intertwined w/ good days of positive
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
emotions
-sometimes this period can be overwhelming & recovery from |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
depth of sorrow unlikely w/o professional help
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
describe acceptance stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-person begins to experience peace & serenity
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-time for letting go & allowing life to provide new experiences &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
relationships
describe psychotherapy |\
use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
personal interaction, to help a person change behavior, increase
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
happiness, and overcome problems |\ |\ |\
describe cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) |\ |\ |\ |\
based on cognitive model that focuses on identifying & correcting
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
distorted thinking patterns that can lead to emotional stress &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
problem behaviors |\
-it is believed that clients respond in stressful situations based on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
subjective perception of an event
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-once misperception identified, clients can change their behaviors
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by changing their maladaptive thinking about themselves &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
experiences
describe electroconvulsive therapy |\ |\
, biomedical tx using low voltage electric shock waves passed
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
through the brain for several seconds to induce short periods of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
seizures
-causes changes in brain chemistry that can immediately reverse
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
symptoms of certain mental illnesses
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-can be used in depression, psychosis, bipolar, catatonia, severe
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
agitation & aggression in dementia pts |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-done 2-3x a week, lasting about 6-12 txs
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-confusion clears within hours while memory loss becomes more
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
persistent
what meds are used when performing ECT?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
administered along w/ general anesthesia & muscle relaxants to |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
minimize any seizures impacting entire body & severe muscle
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
contractions that can fracture or dislocate bones |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
when is ECT performed?
|\ |\ |\
recommended when people who have symptoms aren't |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
responding to meds or psychosocial txs |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what is contraindicated for ECT?
|\ |\ |\ |\
-lithium → contributes to cognitive side effects (delirium &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cognitive problems) |\
-BP meds
|\
-benzos
what is important to do after ECT completed?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reorient patient (name, date, location)
|\ |\ |\ |\
what is psychopharmacotherapy
|\ |\
use of medications to treat psychological problems
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what are the most common symptoms of psychiatric disorders as
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
described by DSM-5?
|\ |\ |\
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
questions with answers |\ |\
definition of mental health vs mental illness
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mental health: |\
-state of wellbeing in one's own abilities & normal stresses of life
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-only in a complete state of wellbeing when physical, mental, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
social well being is intact
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mental illness: |\
-disturbance in a person's cognition, emotions, or behaviors |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
primary gain vs secondary gain |\ |\ |\ |\
primary: anxiety is diverted to the physical problem (ex:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
stressing over final, deciding to skip it = no more anxiety)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
secondary: receiving attention from another (ex: attention from
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
teacher, classmates, etc) |\ |\
repression vs regression |\ |\
repression
-suppressing a thought or desire so it remains unconscious |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: child gets bitten by a dog & develops intense phobia of dogs
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
later in adulthood & doesn't remember experience as a child
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regression
-defense mechanism where person reverts back to an earlier
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
stage of development
|\ |\
ex: in periods of stress, person may revert to bedwetting or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
thumb sucking |\
,define displacement |\
defense mechanism where it involves an individual transferring
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
negative feelings from one person or thing to another
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: a person who is angry at their boss and may take out their
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
anger on a family member |\ |\ |\ |\
define rationalization |\
Making excuses for actions or feelings
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: person is rejected by crush & rationalizes situation by saying
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
they were not attracted to other person anyway
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
define intellectualization|\
defense mechanism where person avoid uncomfortable emotions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by focusing on facts & logic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ex: if person A is rude to person B, person B may think about
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
possible reasons for person A's behavior |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what are the stages of grief?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
|\ |\ |\ |\
describe denial stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-avoiding reality & may act like nothing happened |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-allows an adjustment period to gather coping strategies for
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
grieving
describe anger stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-occurs once reality is real |\ |\ |\ |\
-expressed in many ways, like crying, expressions of self-blame|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and guilt |\
-sometimes anger can turn inwards, which results in physical |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
illness and/or psychological dysfunction
|\ |\ |\
describe bargaining stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
,-an attempt to postpone acceptance of reality
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-frequent labile moods |\ |\
-continued anger & unwillingness to accept loss |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
describe depression stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-deep sense of loss as reality of what happened or anticipated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
settles
-may withdraw from social interaction
|\ |\ |\ |\
-predominant affect is feelings or emptiness or loss |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-sadness & grief can be intertwined w/ good days of positive
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
emotions
-sometimes this period can be overwhelming & recovery from |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
depth of sorrow unlikely w/o professional help
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
describe acceptance stage of grief |\ |\ |\ |\
-person begins to experience peace & serenity
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-time for letting go & allowing life to provide new experiences &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
relationships
describe psychotherapy |\
use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
personal interaction, to help a person change behavior, increase
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
happiness, and overcome problems |\ |\ |\
describe cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) |\ |\ |\ |\
based on cognitive model that focuses on identifying & correcting
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
distorted thinking patterns that can lead to emotional stress &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
problem behaviors |\
-it is believed that clients respond in stressful situations based on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
subjective perception of an event
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-once misperception identified, clients can change their behaviors
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by changing their maladaptive thinking about themselves &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
experiences
describe electroconvulsive therapy |\ |\
, biomedical tx using low voltage electric shock waves passed
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
through the brain for several seconds to induce short periods of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
seizures
-causes changes in brain chemistry that can immediately reverse
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
symptoms of certain mental illnesses
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-can be used in depression, psychosis, bipolar, catatonia, severe
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
agitation & aggression in dementia pts |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-done 2-3x a week, lasting about 6-12 txs
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
-confusion clears within hours while memory loss becomes more
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
persistent
what meds are used when performing ECT?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
administered along w/ general anesthesia & muscle relaxants to |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
minimize any seizures impacting entire body & severe muscle
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
contractions that can fracture or dislocate bones |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
when is ECT performed?
|\ |\ |\
recommended when people who have symptoms aren't |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
responding to meds or psychosocial txs |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what is contraindicated for ECT?
|\ |\ |\ |\
-lithium → contributes to cognitive side effects (delirium &
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cognitive problems) |\
-BP meds
|\
-benzos
what is important to do after ECT completed?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reorient patient (name, date, location)
|\ |\ |\ |\
what is psychopharmacotherapy
|\ |\
use of medications to treat psychological problems
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what are the most common symptoms of psychiatric disorders as
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
described by DSM-5?
|\ |\ |\
