@PATHO 2025
NURS 231 CADIOVASCULAR FINAL EXAM
2025 QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
|PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM NEWEST
2025/2026 |ALREADY GRADED A+.
Intermittent claudication relates to which peripheral vascular disorder?
a. Peripheral arterial disorder
b. Peripheral venous disorder
c. Deep vein thrombosis
d. Both peripheral arterial and venous disorder - CORRECT ✓✓ a. Peripheral arterial
disorder
The heart requires about:
a. 5% of the body's blood supply
b. 10% of the body's blood supply
c. 20% of the body's blood supply
d. 50% of the body's blood supply - CORRECT ✓✓
In the average adult, the amount of blood that remains in the ventricles at the end of systole
is:
a. 0 mLs
b. 40 mLs
c. 100 mLs
1|Page
,@PATHO 2025
d. 200 mLs - CORRECT ✓✓ b. 40 mLs
Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles:
a. into the systemic system in one cardiac cycle
b. into the pulmonary and systemic system in one cardiac cycle
c. into the systemic system in one minute
d. into the pulmonary and systemic system in one minute - CORRECT ✓✓
The coronary arteries both originate from:
a. the walls of the left ventricle
b. the pericardial lining of the heart
c. the aortic arch
d. the base of the aorta - CORRECT ✓✓ d. the base of the aorta
Blood enters the right atrium via three veins, the two vena cavas and the:
a. pulmonary artery
b. pulmonary vein
c. main coronary vein
d. coronary sinus - CORRECT ✓✓ d. coronary sinus
The function of the chordae tendineae is to:
a. Close the atrioventricular valves
b. Prevent the atrioventricular valve flaps from everting
c. Contract the papillary muscles
2|Page
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d. Open the semi lunar valves - CORRECT ✓✓ b. Prevent the atrioventricular valve flaps
from everting
The normal 'pacemaker' of the heart is/are the:
a. SA node
b. AV node
c. Purkinje fibres
d. septal node - CORRECT ✓✓ a. SA node
The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right ventricular wall in order to:
a. accommodate a greater volume of blood
b. expand the thoracic cage during diastole
c. pump blood with greater pressure
d. pump blood through a smaller valve - CORRECT ✓✓ c. pump blood with greater pressure
The normal, visible pulsation in the area of the midclavicular line in the left intercostal space
is most accurately known as:
a. point of maximal impact
b. point of maximal impulse
c. apical impact area
d. apical impulse - CORRECT ✓✓ d. apical impulse
Afterload relates to the force that the ventricles must overcome to eject their blood and is
directly affected by:
a. oxygen saturation
3|Page
NURS 231 CADIOVASCULAR FINAL EXAM
2025 QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
|PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM NEWEST
2025/2026 |ALREADY GRADED A+.
Intermittent claudication relates to which peripheral vascular disorder?
a. Peripheral arterial disorder
b. Peripheral venous disorder
c. Deep vein thrombosis
d. Both peripheral arterial and venous disorder - CORRECT ✓✓ a. Peripheral arterial
disorder
The heart requires about:
a. 5% of the body's blood supply
b. 10% of the body's blood supply
c. 20% of the body's blood supply
d. 50% of the body's blood supply - CORRECT ✓✓
In the average adult, the amount of blood that remains in the ventricles at the end of systole
is:
a. 0 mLs
b. 40 mLs
c. 100 mLs
1|Page
,@PATHO 2025
d. 200 mLs - CORRECT ✓✓ b. 40 mLs
Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles:
a. into the systemic system in one cardiac cycle
b. into the pulmonary and systemic system in one cardiac cycle
c. into the systemic system in one minute
d. into the pulmonary and systemic system in one minute - CORRECT ✓✓
The coronary arteries both originate from:
a. the walls of the left ventricle
b. the pericardial lining of the heart
c. the aortic arch
d. the base of the aorta - CORRECT ✓✓ d. the base of the aorta
Blood enters the right atrium via three veins, the two vena cavas and the:
a. pulmonary artery
b. pulmonary vein
c. main coronary vein
d. coronary sinus - CORRECT ✓✓ d. coronary sinus
The function of the chordae tendineae is to:
a. Close the atrioventricular valves
b. Prevent the atrioventricular valve flaps from everting
c. Contract the papillary muscles
2|Page
, @PATHO 2025
d. Open the semi lunar valves - CORRECT ✓✓ b. Prevent the atrioventricular valve flaps
from everting
The normal 'pacemaker' of the heart is/are the:
a. SA node
b. AV node
c. Purkinje fibres
d. septal node - CORRECT ✓✓ a. SA node
The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right ventricular wall in order to:
a. accommodate a greater volume of blood
b. expand the thoracic cage during diastole
c. pump blood with greater pressure
d. pump blood through a smaller valve - CORRECT ✓✓ c. pump blood with greater pressure
The normal, visible pulsation in the area of the midclavicular line in the left intercostal space
is most accurately known as:
a. point of maximal impact
b. point of maximal impulse
c. apical impact area
d. apical impulse - CORRECT ✓✓ d. apical impulse
Afterload relates to the force that the ventricles must overcome to eject their blood and is
directly affected by:
a. oxygen saturation
3|Page
