MMSC 200 Exam 2 Prep (Chapters 7-10) –
Questions With Objective Solutions
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Terms in this set (1271)
function of urinary elimination of excess water, salts, and waste
system products; control of pH
Arterioles smallest arteries
calyx or calix cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis
catheter tube for injecting or removing fluids
cortex outer layer of the organ
Creatinine nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
chemical element that carries an electrical charge
Electrolyte
when dissolved in water. (Na+) (K+)
hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the
Erythropoietin (EPO)
production of red blood cells by bone marrow
A process that separates materials based on the size
filtration
of their particles.
glomerular capsule enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus
depression in an organ where blood vessels and
hilum
nerves enter and leave
Meatus opening or canal
Medulla inner region of an organ
the functional unit of the kidney where filtration,
nephron
reabsorption, and secretion take place
substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine
nitrogenous waste
ex: urea, uric acid, creatinine
,potassium (K+) electrolyte regulated by the kidney
process whereby renal tubules return materials
reabsorption
necessary to the body back into the bloodstream
renal artery blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
renal pelvis central collecting region in the kidney
blood vessel that carries blood away from the
renal vein
kidney and toward the heart
calciferol active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney
hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood
Renin
pressure
An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by
Sodium (Na+)
the kidneys
trigone triangular area in the urinary bladder
Urea major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine
one of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the
ureter
urinary bladder
tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside
Urethra
of the body
uric acid nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
urinary bladder hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine
urination (voiding) process of expelling urine; also called micturition
meat/o meatus (opening)
cyst/o, vesic/o urinary bladder
cali/o, calic/o calyx (calix); cup-shaped
pyel/o renal pelvis
ureter/o ureter
urethr/o urethra
azot/o nitrogen
dips/o thirst
,kal/o Potassium
ket/o, keton/o ketone bodies
natr/o Sodium
olig/o scanty
-poietin substance that forms
py/o pus
-tripsy to crush
ur/o urine, urea
urin/o urine
-uria urination
isch/o to hold back
angi/o vessel (blood)
The small artery that carries blood toward the
afferent arteriole
capillaries of the glomerulus.
The small artery that carries blood away from the
efferent arteriole
capillaries of the glomerulus.
1. Glomerular filtration
Four steps in the 2. Tubular reabsorption
formation of urine 3. Tubular secretion
4. Water reabsorption
Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living
cells that function in photosynthesis and storage.
parenchyma
(kidney parenchyma is the nephron) 1 million in each
kidney
-controls salt and water balance of the body
Aldosterone
-regulated by the renin-angiotensin system
JGA juxtaglomerular apparatus
, in the nephron, the complex of cells from the distal
tubule and the afferent arteriole which helps
juxtaglomerular
regulate blood pressure by secreting renin in
apparatus
response to blood pressure changes in the kidney;
located near the glomerulus
Hormone produced in hypothalamus that stimulates
antidiuretic hormone
water reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the
(ADH)
blood and vasoconstriction of arterioles.
caused by hypo secretion of ADH by the pituitary
diabetes inspidus (DI) gland. Characterized by the symptoms of polydipsia
and polyuria
insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are
diabetes mellitus
resistant to its effects
cystitis inflammation of the urinary bladder
pyelonephritis inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
glomerulonephritis inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
inflammation of the connective tissue that lies
interstitial nephritis
between the renal tubules
abnormal condition of water in the kidney, due to
hydronephrosis
blockage in ureter and urethra
nephrolithiasis condition of stones in the kidney
noninvasive mechanical procedure for using sound
extracorporeal lithotripsy waves to break up renal calculi so that they can pass
through the ureters
nephrolithotomy incision into a kidney to remove a stone
surgeon makes small incision through skin into the
percutaneous
kidney. a nephroscope is inserted into the kidney to
nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
remove the stone.
Nephritic syndrome Hematuria, hypertension, and oliguria.
multiple fluis-filled sacs (cysts) within & on kidney
polycystic kidneys (PKD)
*heredity
Questions With Objective Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (1271)
function of urinary elimination of excess water, salts, and waste
system products; control of pH
Arterioles smallest arteries
calyx or calix cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis
catheter tube for injecting or removing fluids
cortex outer layer of the organ
Creatinine nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
chemical element that carries an electrical charge
Electrolyte
when dissolved in water. (Na+) (K+)
hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the
Erythropoietin (EPO)
production of red blood cells by bone marrow
A process that separates materials based on the size
filtration
of their particles.
glomerular capsule enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus
depression in an organ where blood vessels and
hilum
nerves enter and leave
Meatus opening or canal
Medulla inner region of an organ
the functional unit of the kidney where filtration,
nephron
reabsorption, and secretion take place
substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine
nitrogenous waste
ex: urea, uric acid, creatinine
,potassium (K+) electrolyte regulated by the kidney
process whereby renal tubules return materials
reabsorption
necessary to the body back into the bloodstream
renal artery blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
renal pelvis central collecting region in the kidney
blood vessel that carries blood away from the
renal vein
kidney and toward the heart
calciferol active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney
hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood
Renin
pressure
An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by
Sodium (Na+)
the kidneys
trigone triangular area in the urinary bladder
Urea major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine
one of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the
ureter
urinary bladder
tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside
Urethra
of the body
uric acid nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
urinary bladder hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine
urination (voiding) process of expelling urine; also called micturition
meat/o meatus (opening)
cyst/o, vesic/o urinary bladder
cali/o, calic/o calyx (calix); cup-shaped
pyel/o renal pelvis
ureter/o ureter
urethr/o urethra
azot/o nitrogen
dips/o thirst
,kal/o Potassium
ket/o, keton/o ketone bodies
natr/o Sodium
olig/o scanty
-poietin substance that forms
py/o pus
-tripsy to crush
ur/o urine, urea
urin/o urine
-uria urination
isch/o to hold back
angi/o vessel (blood)
The small artery that carries blood toward the
afferent arteriole
capillaries of the glomerulus.
The small artery that carries blood away from the
efferent arteriole
capillaries of the glomerulus.
1. Glomerular filtration
Four steps in the 2. Tubular reabsorption
formation of urine 3. Tubular secretion
4. Water reabsorption
Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living
cells that function in photosynthesis and storage.
parenchyma
(kidney parenchyma is the nephron) 1 million in each
kidney
-controls salt and water balance of the body
Aldosterone
-regulated by the renin-angiotensin system
JGA juxtaglomerular apparatus
, in the nephron, the complex of cells from the distal
tubule and the afferent arteriole which helps
juxtaglomerular
regulate blood pressure by secreting renin in
apparatus
response to blood pressure changes in the kidney;
located near the glomerulus
Hormone produced in hypothalamus that stimulates
antidiuretic hormone
water reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the
(ADH)
blood and vasoconstriction of arterioles.
caused by hypo secretion of ADH by the pituitary
diabetes inspidus (DI) gland. Characterized by the symptoms of polydipsia
and polyuria
insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are
diabetes mellitus
resistant to its effects
cystitis inflammation of the urinary bladder
pyelonephritis inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney
glomerulonephritis inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
inflammation of the connective tissue that lies
interstitial nephritis
between the renal tubules
abnormal condition of water in the kidney, due to
hydronephrosis
blockage in ureter and urethra
nephrolithiasis condition of stones in the kidney
noninvasive mechanical procedure for using sound
extracorporeal lithotripsy waves to break up renal calculi so that they can pass
through the ureters
nephrolithotomy incision into a kidney to remove a stone
surgeon makes small incision through skin into the
percutaneous
kidney. a nephroscope is inserted into the kidney to
nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
remove the stone.
Nephritic syndrome Hematuria, hypertension, and oliguria.
multiple fluis-filled sacs (cysts) within & on kidney
polycystic kidneys (PKD)
*heredity
