Chapter 4, Articular System and
Arthrokinematics - Clinical
Kinesiology & Anatomy, 7th Edition,
Lynn S. Lippert - PTA 110&111
Fibrous bJoints b- bcorrect banswer✔✔one btype bhas ba bthin blayer bof bfibrous
bperiosteum bbetween bthe btwo bbones b(allows binterlocking)
a bsecond btype bis bheld btogether bby bligaments, binterosseous bmembranes, bor bboth
b(allows ba bsmall bamount bof btwisting bor bstretching, bbut bmostly bprovides bstability)
Gomphosis b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Bolting btogether"
a bthird btype bof bfibrous bjoint, balso bcalled bpeg-in-socket bjoint
Cartilaginous bJoints b- bcorrect banswer✔✔provides bstability bwhile ballowing bsmall
bamounts bof bmovement, bsuch bas bbending, btwisting, band bcompression
Diarthrodial bJoints b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Synovial bJoints"
allow brelatively bmore bmovement bthan bstability; bhas bno bdirect bunion bbetween bbone
bends, ba bsleeve-like bcapsule bsurrounds bthe bjoint band bis bfilled bwith bsynovial bfluid
Non-axial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔when bpresent, btends bto bbe blinear
binstead bof bangular
Uniaxial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔angular bmovement boccurring bwithin
bone bplane band babout bone baxis, band bthus bhas b1 bdegree bof bfreedom; bone
barticular bsurface bwithin bthe bjoint bis bconcave band bthe bother bis bconvex
Biaxial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔angular bmovement boccurring bwithin
btwo bplanes band babout btwo baxes, band bthus bhas b2 bdegrees bof bfreedom; bone
barticular bsurface bwithin bthe bjoint bis bconvex band bthe bother bis bconcave
Sellar bJoint b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Saddle bJoint"
, Triaxial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔occurs bwhen ball bthree bplanes band
babout ball bthree baxes, bthus bhaving b3 bdegrees bof bfreedom; balthough bsimilar bin
bshape bto bbiaxial bjoints, ba btriaxial bjoint's bconcave bsurface bis bdeeper band bthe
bconvex bsurface bis bmore bspherical
Bones b- bcorrect banswer✔✔usually btwo, barticulate bwith beach bother
Capsule b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Capsular bLigament"
surrounds band bencases bthe bjoint
Synovial bMembrane b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bthick, bvascular bconnective btissue bthat
bsecretes bsynovial bfluid
Synovial bFluid b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bthick, bclear bfluid b(resembling begg bwhites),
bconsisting bprimarily bof bwater band bdissolved bprotein
Cartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bdense, bfibrous bconnective btissue bthat bcan
bwithstand bgreat bamounts bof bpressure band btension
Hyaline bCartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Articular bCartilage"
covers bthe bends bof bopposing bbones bwithin ba bsynovial bjoint
Fibrocartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔present bin bboth bsynovial band bcartilaginous bjoints;
bshock babsorption bis bprimary bfunction bdue bto bits bdense bstructure
Labrum b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bfibrocartilaginous bring bthat bdeepens ba bball-and-
socket bjoint b(shoulder band bhip)
Discs b- bcorrect banswer✔✔located bbetween bthe bbodies bof bvertebrae, babsorb
bstresses bimposed bon bthe bvertebrae
Elastic bCartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔designed bto bhelp bmaintain ba bstructure's
bshape, bwhile ballowing bsome bflexibility
Tendons b- bcorrect banswer✔✔connect bmuscles bto bbone
Tendon bSheath b- bcorrect banswer✔✔fibrous bsleeves bsurrounding ba btendon,
breducing bpressure bor bfriction bwhen ba btendon bpasses bbetween bmuscles band
bbones, bor bthrough ba btunnel bbetween bbones
Aponeurosis b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bbroad, bflat, btendinous bsheet bof bconnective
btissue bthat battaches bmuscle bto bbone
Arthrokinematics - Clinical
Kinesiology & Anatomy, 7th Edition,
Lynn S. Lippert - PTA 110&111
Fibrous bJoints b- bcorrect banswer✔✔one btype bhas ba bthin blayer bof bfibrous
bperiosteum bbetween bthe btwo bbones b(allows binterlocking)
a bsecond btype bis bheld btogether bby bligaments, binterosseous bmembranes, bor bboth
b(allows ba bsmall bamount bof btwisting bor bstretching, bbut bmostly bprovides bstability)
Gomphosis b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Bolting btogether"
a bthird btype bof bfibrous bjoint, balso bcalled bpeg-in-socket bjoint
Cartilaginous bJoints b- bcorrect banswer✔✔provides bstability bwhile ballowing bsmall
bamounts bof bmovement, bsuch bas bbending, btwisting, band bcompression
Diarthrodial bJoints b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Synovial bJoints"
allow brelatively bmore bmovement bthan bstability; bhas bno bdirect bunion bbetween bbone
bends, ba bsleeve-like bcapsule bsurrounds bthe bjoint band bis bfilled bwith bsynovial bfluid
Non-axial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔when bpresent, btends bto bbe blinear
binstead bof bangular
Uniaxial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔angular bmovement boccurring bwithin
bone bplane band babout bone baxis, band bthus bhas b1 bdegree bof bfreedom; bone
barticular bsurface bwithin bthe bjoint bis bconcave band bthe bother bis bconvex
Biaxial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔angular bmovement boccurring bwithin
btwo bplanes band babout btwo baxes, band bthus bhas b2 bdegrees bof bfreedom; bone
barticular bsurface bwithin bthe bjoint bis bconvex band bthe bother bis bconcave
Sellar bJoint b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Saddle bJoint"
, Triaxial bJoint bMovement b- bcorrect banswer✔✔occurs bwhen ball bthree bplanes band
babout ball bthree baxes, bthus bhaving b3 bdegrees bof bfreedom; balthough bsimilar bin
bshape bto bbiaxial bjoints, ba btriaxial bjoint's bconcave bsurface bis bdeeper band bthe
bconvex bsurface bis bmore bspherical
Bones b- bcorrect banswer✔✔usually btwo, barticulate bwith beach bother
Capsule b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Capsular bLigament"
surrounds band bencases bthe bjoint
Synovial bMembrane b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bthick, bvascular bconnective btissue bthat
bsecretes bsynovial bfluid
Synovial bFluid b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bthick, bclear bfluid b(resembling begg bwhites),
bconsisting bprimarily bof bwater band bdissolved bprotein
Cartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bdense, bfibrous bconnective btissue bthat bcan
bwithstand bgreat bamounts bof bpressure band btension
Hyaline bCartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔"Articular bCartilage"
covers bthe bends bof bopposing bbones bwithin ba bsynovial bjoint
Fibrocartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔present bin bboth bsynovial band bcartilaginous bjoints;
bshock babsorption bis bprimary bfunction bdue bto bits bdense bstructure
Labrum b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bfibrocartilaginous bring bthat bdeepens ba bball-and-
socket bjoint b(shoulder band bhip)
Discs b- bcorrect banswer✔✔located bbetween bthe bbodies bof bvertebrae, babsorb
bstresses bimposed bon bthe bvertebrae
Elastic bCartilage b- bcorrect banswer✔✔designed bto bhelp bmaintain ba bstructure's
bshape, bwhile ballowing bsome bflexibility
Tendons b- bcorrect banswer✔✔connect bmuscles bto bbone
Tendon bSheath b- bcorrect banswer✔✔fibrous bsleeves bsurrounding ba btendon,
breducing bpressure bor bfriction bwhen ba btendon bpasses bbetween bmuscles band
bbones, bor bthrough ba btunnel bbetween bbones
Aponeurosis b- bcorrect banswer✔✔a bbroad, bflat, btendinous bsheet bof bconnective
btissue bthat battaches bmuscle bto bbone
