1
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Instrumental Analysis Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
transducer [ Ans: ] A device that converts energy from one form
to another-- electrical energy to non electrical
processor [ Ans: ] processes signal
© 2025 Assignment Expert
readout [ Ans: ] converts signals to something understandable
by the human observer
External calibration [ Ans: ] Calibration procedure where a series
of external standard samples are prepared separately from the
Guru01 - Stuvia
analytical sample; used when there are no interference effects
from matrix components in the analytical sample; calibration is
accomplished by measuring an analytical property, e.g.
absorbance, as a function of analyte concentration in a series of
external standards; calibration curve is then used to predict
concentration of unknown.
standard addition [ Ans: ] A technique in which an analytical
signal due to an unknown is first measured. Then a known quantity
of analyte is added, and the increase in signal is recorded. From
the response, it is possible to calculate what quantity of analyte
was in the unknown.
spiking- adding known increments to sample aliquots containing
identical volumes
internal standard [ Ans: ] A known quantity of a compound other
than analyte added to a solution containing an unknown quantity
of analyte. The concentration of analyte is then measured relative
to that of the internal standard.
most accurate method
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
internal standard guidelines [ Ans: ] I.S. similar signal response
with analyte
I.S. known to be absent from the sample
I.S. not affect signal intensity of the analyte
precision [ Ans: ] a measure of how close a series of
measurements are to one another
-absolute std, relative srd. coefficient of variation, variance-
bias [ Ans: ] systematic error of an analytic method
absolute sys error, rel sys error
sensitivity [ Ans: ] ability to discriminate between small
© 2025 Assignment Expert
differences
calibration sensitivity, analytical sensitivity
detection limit [ Ans: ] minimum concentration or mass of
Guru01 - Stuvia
analyte that can be detected at a known confidence level
blank plus 3xSTD of the blank
dynamic range [ Ans: ] concentration LOQ to LOL
selectivity [ Ans: ] degree to which the method is free from
interference by other species contained in the sample matrix
coefficient of selectivity
LOD [ Ans: ] Limit of Detection- smallest amount detected
LOQ [ Ans: ] Limit of quantification- smallest amount quantifiable
LOL [ Ans: ] limit of linearity- limit that it is linear
Chemical Noise [ Ans: ] Random signal fluctuations that result
from a variety of uncontrollable variables, e.g. temperature,
pressure, humidity, vibrations, etc.
Instrumental Noise [ Ans: ] Random signal fluctuations that are
generated by particular components of an analytical instrument,
i.e. source, detector, electronics, etc.
Thermal Noise [ Ans: ] Is caused by random electron activity of
the atoms that make up the conductor, resistor, or any part of the
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Instrumental Analysis Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
transducer [ Ans: ] A device that converts energy from one form
to another-- electrical energy to non electrical
processor [ Ans: ] processes signal
© 2025 Assignment Expert
readout [ Ans: ] converts signals to something understandable
by the human observer
External calibration [ Ans: ] Calibration procedure where a series
of external standard samples are prepared separately from the
Guru01 - Stuvia
analytical sample; used when there are no interference effects
from matrix components in the analytical sample; calibration is
accomplished by measuring an analytical property, e.g.
absorbance, as a function of analyte concentration in a series of
external standards; calibration curve is then used to predict
concentration of unknown.
standard addition [ Ans: ] A technique in which an analytical
signal due to an unknown is first measured. Then a known quantity
of analyte is added, and the increase in signal is recorded. From
the response, it is possible to calculate what quantity of analyte
was in the unknown.
spiking- adding known increments to sample aliquots containing
identical volumes
internal standard [ Ans: ] A known quantity of a compound other
than analyte added to a solution containing an unknown quantity
of analyte. The concentration of analyte is then measured relative
to that of the internal standard.
most accurate method
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
internal standard guidelines [ Ans: ] I.S. similar signal response
with analyte
I.S. known to be absent from the sample
I.S. not affect signal intensity of the analyte
precision [ Ans: ] a measure of how close a series of
measurements are to one another
-absolute std, relative srd. coefficient of variation, variance-
bias [ Ans: ] systematic error of an analytic method
absolute sys error, rel sys error
sensitivity [ Ans: ] ability to discriminate between small
© 2025 Assignment Expert
differences
calibration sensitivity, analytical sensitivity
detection limit [ Ans: ] minimum concentration or mass of
Guru01 - Stuvia
analyte that can be detected at a known confidence level
blank plus 3xSTD of the blank
dynamic range [ Ans: ] concentration LOQ to LOL
selectivity [ Ans: ] degree to which the method is free from
interference by other species contained in the sample matrix
coefficient of selectivity
LOD [ Ans: ] Limit of Detection- smallest amount detected
LOQ [ Ans: ] Limit of quantification- smallest amount quantifiable
LOL [ Ans: ] limit of linearity- limit that it is linear
Chemical Noise [ Ans: ] Random signal fluctuations that result
from a variety of uncontrollable variables, e.g. temperature,
pressure, humidity, vibrations, etc.
Instrumental Noise [ Ans: ] Random signal fluctuations that are
generated by particular components of an analytical instrument,
i.e. source, detector, electronics, etc.
Thermal Noise [ Ans: ] Is caused by random electron activity of
the atoms that make up the conductor, resistor, or any part of the
