Evoc 1 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
A. What is the most common cause of tragic accidents involving emergency vehicles? -
✔✔Poor decision making.
B. What is meant by "front end" risk management? How can you benefit from it? -
✔✔You have to anticipate what your risks will be and know how to handle them before
they occur. A front end approach helps ensure your decisions are safe and in line with
agency policy.
A. What is a tort? - ✔✔A lawsuit arising from law enforcement activities.
B. Who are the two parties in a civil case? - ✔✔ The plaintiff and the defendant
C. What are the various types of liability? Explain the difference between them. -
✔✔Direct Liability: Your action (or inaction) that directly resulted in the plaintiff's
injury.
Vicarious Liability: an unintentional failure to exercise a reasonable degree of care.
Which type of liability usually results in the highest level of monetary damages? Why? -
✔✔Municipality Liability under section 1983. Because of the "deep pockets" of the
municipality and no set financial limit under section 1983.
E. What are two categories of direct liability? - ✔✔ Negligence: Does not involve an
intentional act on your part.
Willful misconduct: A conscious decision to engage in the injury causing behavior or an
intentional disregard for the safety of others.
,What is the difference between compensatory damages and punitive damages? Under
what circumstances are each awarded? - ✔✔Compensatory Damages: are awarded to
cover the injury only. These are awarded for negligent behavior.
Punitive damages: go beyond compensation for damages. It also serves as a deterrent to
keep you from engaging in such behaviors in the future. These are awarded for
intentional behavior.
Rules for backing - ✔✔ 1. Position your hands properly. (left hand at the 12 o'clock)
2. sound your horn before you start.
3. look out your rear window before you start.
4. Accelerate slowly
5. Keep hand movements to a minimum.
When can a claim of vicarious liability be made? - ✔✔When a plaintiff suffered an injury
at the hands of an officer who was improperly supervised, trained or otherwise allowed to
cause the injury by the actions of the senior official.
What is meant when a municipality is accused of "deliberate indifference? - ✔✔The
municipality has shown an extreme disregard for public safety. Such as a failure to
properly train.
What is a duty? How does it relate to a liability claim? - ✔✔A duty is an obligation.
Typically the plaintiff will try to prove they were injured because you neglected a duty.
(By statute or law, agency policy, or constitutional provision)
What are your states statutory provisions regarding emergency vehicle operations? -
✔✔RCW 46.61.035
What does "due regard for public safety" mean? - ✔✔The absence of negligence. You
must keep an eye toward protecting everyone who could conceivably be affected by the
emergency response.
, What is a policy? - ✔✔ A directive for action.
How does the Fourth Amendment to the US Constitution affect law enforcement driving?
- ✔✔It protects against unreasonable search and seizure. A suspect who is injured due to
your actions could be considered an unreasonable seizure.
How does the Fourteenth Amendment affect law enforcement driving? - ✔✔ No one can
be denied the right to life, liberty, or property without due process. When a third party is
injured they may claim they were denied that right.
What is the best way to protect yourself against lawsuits? - ✔✔Comply with your agencies
policy at all times. This will protect you under qualified immunity.
The "Universe of Risk" can be divided into two categories. What are they? - ✔✔Known
Risk and Unknown Risks
What are the four steps of the comprehensive risk management program? - ✔✔1. Identify
and analyze all known risks.
2. Determine ways to reduce the impact of these risks.
3. Implement the best possible solution.
4. Monitor the solution for effectiveness and adjust as necessary.
What are the three elements of risk management at the department level? - ✔✔1. Policy
development.
2. Comprehensive training.
3. Incident review.
What is the definition of risk? - ✔✔A hazard to which you are exposed when you take a
certain action.
ANSWERS
A. What is the most common cause of tragic accidents involving emergency vehicles? -
✔✔Poor decision making.
B. What is meant by "front end" risk management? How can you benefit from it? -
✔✔You have to anticipate what your risks will be and know how to handle them before
they occur. A front end approach helps ensure your decisions are safe and in line with
agency policy.
A. What is a tort? - ✔✔A lawsuit arising from law enforcement activities.
B. Who are the two parties in a civil case? - ✔✔ The plaintiff and the defendant
C. What are the various types of liability? Explain the difference between them. -
✔✔Direct Liability: Your action (or inaction) that directly resulted in the plaintiff's
injury.
Vicarious Liability: an unintentional failure to exercise a reasonable degree of care.
Which type of liability usually results in the highest level of monetary damages? Why? -
✔✔Municipality Liability under section 1983. Because of the "deep pockets" of the
municipality and no set financial limit under section 1983.
E. What are two categories of direct liability? - ✔✔ Negligence: Does not involve an
intentional act on your part.
Willful misconduct: A conscious decision to engage in the injury causing behavior or an
intentional disregard for the safety of others.
,What is the difference between compensatory damages and punitive damages? Under
what circumstances are each awarded? - ✔✔Compensatory Damages: are awarded to
cover the injury only. These are awarded for negligent behavior.
Punitive damages: go beyond compensation for damages. It also serves as a deterrent to
keep you from engaging in such behaviors in the future. These are awarded for
intentional behavior.
Rules for backing - ✔✔ 1. Position your hands properly. (left hand at the 12 o'clock)
2. sound your horn before you start.
3. look out your rear window before you start.
4. Accelerate slowly
5. Keep hand movements to a minimum.
When can a claim of vicarious liability be made? - ✔✔When a plaintiff suffered an injury
at the hands of an officer who was improperly supervised, trained or otherwise allowed to
cause the injury by the actions of the senior official.
What is meant when a municipality is accused of "deliberate indifference? - ✔✔The
municipality has shown an extreme disregard for public safety. Such as a failure to
properly train.
What is a duty? How does it relate to a liability claim? - ✔✔A duty is an obligation.
Typically the plaintiff will try to prove they were injured because you neglected a duty.
(By statute or law, agency policy, or constitutional provision)
What are your states statutory provisions regarding emergency vehicle operations? -
✔✔RCW 46.61.035
What does "due regard for public safety" mean? - ✔✔The absence of negligence. You
must keep an eye toward protecting everyone who could conceivably be affected by the
emergency response.
, What is a policy? - ✔✔ A directive for action.
How does the Fourth Amendment to the US Constitution affect law enforcement driving?
- ✔✔It protects against unreasonable search and seizure. A suspect who is injured due to
your actions could be considered an unreasonable seizure.
How does the Fourteenth Amendment affect law enforcement driving? - ✔✔ No one can
be denied the right to life, liberty, or property without due process. When a third party is
injured they may claim they were denied that right.
What is the best way to protect yourself against lawsuits? - ✔✔Comply with your agencies
policy at all times. This will protect you under qualified immunity.
The "Universe of Risk" can be divided into two categories. What are they? - ✔✔Known
Risk and Unknown Risks
What are the four steps of the comprehensive risk management program? - ✔✔1. Identify
and analyze all known risks.
2. Determine ways to reduce the impact of these risks.
3. Implement the best possible solution.
4. Monitor the solution for effectiveness and adjust as necessary.
What are the three elements of risk management at the department level? - ✔✔1. Policy
development.
2. Comprehensive training.
3. Incident review.
What is the definition of risk? - ✔✔A hazard to which you are exposed when you take a
certain action.
