BPK 105 - Final Exam Complete Questions & Accurate
Detailed Answers \Latest update 2025-2026 Solved
100%; Simon Fraser University
Draw a flow chart
indicating the three
stages of clot formation
following injury to a
blood vessel. Where
would there be a
problem if the individual
was vitamin K deficient?
What diagnostic blood
test help determine this,
what would be a normal
value for this test? [6
marks]
Generating blood pressure
o Contractions of the heart generate blood
pressure, which is required to force blood
through the blood vessels.
Describe the functions Routing blood
of the heart, including o The heart separates the pulmonary and
the heart structure
responsible for each systemic circulations, which ensures the flow of
function oxygen-rich blood to tissues.
Ensuring one-way blood flow
o The valves of the heart ensure a one-way flow
of blood through the heart and blood vessels.
Regulating blood supply
o Changes in the rate of heart contraction match
blood flow to the changing metabolic needs of the
tissues during rest, exercise, and changes in body
position.
,What is an antigen, use In brief, the surfaces of red
the details of human
blood cells have molecules
blood typing (Section
11.6) to illustrate your called antigens (an′ti-jenz),
knowledge. Use a and the plasma includes
description of
proteins called antibodies
autoimmune disease to
describe the ability to
differentiate between As a result, agglutination (ă-
self and foreign
molecules. [7 marks] gloo-ti-nā′shŭn; ad, to +
gluten, glue), or clumping of
the cells, occurs. The
combination of the antibodies
with the antigens can also
initiate reactions that cause
hemolysis (hē-mol′i-sis;
hemo-, blood + lysis,
destruction), or rupture of the
red blood cells.
The normal ECG consists of a P
wave, a QRS complex, and a T
wave. The P wave results from
depolarization of the atrial
Draw a typical
myocardium, and the
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
beginning of the P wave
trace. Label each of the
precedes the onset of atrial
phases and describe the
contraction. The QRS complex
electrical and contractile
consists of three individual
events in the heart during
waves: the Q, R, and S waves.
each phase. [6 marks]
The QRS complex results from
depolarization of the ventricles,
and the beginning of the QRS
complex precedes ventricular
contraction. The T wave
represents repolarization of the
ventricles, and the beginning of
the T wave precedes
ventricular relaxation.
,After six months of The cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by
training an individual has a either ventricle in the heart each minute. exercise
lower resting heart rate than increases the size of the heart, enabling an athlete to
she did prior to training have a higher stroke volume and lower heart rate when
when running at the same at rest. Non-athletes on the other hand, are likely to
speed. Her cardiac output, have a higher heart rate and lower stroke volume. The
however, is essentially the difference in value between the athlete's low heart rate,
same. What do you think and the non-athlete's high heart rate is made up for in
accounts for this? Define the difference in value between the athlete's high stroke
cardiac output and its volume, and the non-athletes low stroke volume. This
components in your answer. essentially means that an athlete's resting cardiac
Do you think her resting output can be the same as a non-athlete's resting
HR is different after cardiac output.
training? Why?
ELASTIC ARTERIES:
- largest diameter & thickest walls
-greater proportion of walls composed of elastic tissues
and smaller proportion of smooth muscle (ex. aorta
and pulmonary trunk)
- stretch when the ventricles pump blood into them,
elastic recoil prevents blood pressure from falling
rapidly and maintains blood flow while ventricles are
relaxed
MUSCULAR ARTERIES:
-include medium and small arteries
-walls are relatively thick compared to diameter (most
of the thickness results from smooth muscle cells of
Compare and contrast the the tunica media)
structure and function of -med-sized called distributing arteries because smooth
elastic arteries, muscular muscle tissue enables them to control blood flow to
arteries and capillaries. List different body regions
the functions of the - able to vasoconstrict (contraction) to decrease diameter and
blood flow
circulatory system that - able to vasodilate (relax) to increase diameter and blood flow
each type of vessel -small arteries have the same structure as med except
contributes to. smaller diameter and thinner walls
CAPILLARIES:
, - blood flow regulated by smooth muscle cells
called precapillary sphincters located at the origin
of the branches
-walls consist of endothleium
-thin walls facilitate diffusion
-RBCs flow through in single file & frequently folded as they pass
through
VEINS:
-large veins with diameters greater than 2mm contain
valves which allow blood to flow towards heart and
not back flow (more valves in lower limbs)
-med veins deliver to large veins, 3 thin tunics make up med and
large vein walls
- small veins have all 3 tunics
- venule have a diameter slightly larger than
capillaries and are composed of endothelium on
connective tissue layer
Detailed Answers \Latest update 2025-2026 Solved
100%; Simon Fraser University
Draw a flow chart
indicating the three
stages of clot formation
following injury to a
blood vessel. Where
would there be a
problem if the individual
was vitamin K deficient?
What diagnostic blood
test help determine this,
what would be a normal
value for this test? [6
marks]
Generating blood pressure
o Contractions of the heart generate blood
pressure, which is required to force blood
through the blood vessels.
Describe the functions Routing blood
of the heart, including o The heart separates the pulmonary and
the heart structure
responsible for each systemic circulations, which ensures the flow of
function oxygen-rich blood to tissues.
Ensuring one-way blood flow
o The valves of the heart ensure a one-way flow
of blood through the heart and blood vessels.
Regulating blood supply
o Changes in the rate of heart contraction match
blood flow to the changing metabolic needs of the
tissues during rest, exercise, and changes in body
position.
,What is an antigen, use In brief, the surfaces of red
the details of human
blood cells have molecules
blood typing (Section
11.6) to illustrate your called antigens (an′ti-jenz),
knowledge. Use a and the plasma includes
description of
proteins called antibodies
autoimmune disease to
describe the ability to
differentiate between As a result, agglutination (ă-
self and foreign
molecules. [7 marks] gloo-ti-nā′shŭn; ad, to +
gluten, glue), or clumping of
the cells, occurs. The
combination of the antibodies
with the antigens can also
initiate reactions that cause
hemolysis (hē-mol′i-sis;
hemo-, blood + lysis,
destruction), or rupture of the
red blood cells.
The normal ECG consists of a P
wave, a QRS complex, and a T
wave. The P wave results from
depolarization of the atrial
Draw a typical
myocardium, and the
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
beginning of the P wave
trace. Label each of the
precedes the onset of atrial
phases and describe the
contraction. The QRS complex
electrical and contractile
consists of three individual
events in the heart during
waves: the Q, R, and S waves.
each phase. [6 marks]
The QRS complex results from
depolarization of the ventricles,
and the beginning of the QRS
complex precedes ventricular
contraction. The T wave
represents repolarization of the
ventricles, and the beginning of
the T wave precedes
ventricular relaxation.
,After six months of The cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by
training an individual has a either ventricle in the heart each minute. exercise
lower resting heart rate than increases the size of the heart, enabling an athlete to
she did prior to training have a higher stroke volume and lower heart rate when
when running at the same at rest. Non-athletes on the other hand, are likely to
speed. Her cardiac output, have a higher heart rate and lower stroke volume. The
however, is essentially the difference in value between the athlete's low heart rate,
same. What do you think and the non-athlete's high heart rate is made up for in
accounts for this? Define the difference in value between the athlete's high stroke
cardiac output and its volume, and the non-athletes low stroke volume. This
components in your answer. essentially means that an athlete's resting cardiac
Do you think her resting output can be the same as a non-athlete's resting
HR is different after cardiac output.
training? Why?
ELASTIC ARTERIES:
- largest diameter & thickest walls
-greater proportion of walls composed of elastic tissues
and smaller proportion of smooth muscle (ex. aorta
and pulmonary trunk)
- stretch when the ventricles pump blood into them,
elastic recoil prevents blood pressure from falling
rapidly and maintains blood flow while ventricles are
relaxed
MUSCULAR ARTERIES:
-include medium and small arteries
-walls are relatively thick compared to diameter (most
of the thickness results from smooth muscle cells of
Compare and contrast the the tunica media)
structure and function of -med-sized called distributing arteries because smooth
elastic arteries, muscular muscle tissue enables them to control blood flow to
arteries and capillaries. List different body regions
the functions of the - able to vasoconstrict (contraction) to decrease diameter and
blood flow
circulatory system that - able to vasodilate (relax) to increase diameter and blood flow
each type of vessel -small arteries have the same structure as med except
contributes to. smaller diameter and thinner walls
CAPILLARIES:
, - blood flow regulated by smooth muscle cells
called precapillary sphincters located at the origin
of the branches
-walls consist of endothleium
-thin walls facilitate diffusion
-RBCs flow through in single file & frequently folded as they pass
through
VEINS:
-large veins with diameters greater than 2mm contain
valves which allow blood to flow towards heart and
not back flow (more valves in lower limbs)
-med veins deliver to large veins, 3 thin tunics make up med and
large vein walls
- small veins have all 3 tunics
- venule have a diameter slightly larger than
capillaries and are composed of endothelium on
connective tissue layer
