WGU C909 – Elementary Reading Methods and
Interventions (Revised) with Complete Solutions |
Latest 2025.
Whatarestagesof readingdevelopment- ANSWER -Early Emergent
Emergent(understandsalphabet,phonologicalawarenessand knowsphonics,have
command of high frequency words, developing comprehension and wordskills,
attack
recognize types of texts, non
-fiction and fiction, and that reading has
variety
a of
purposes).
Early Fluent
Fluent
What are the stages of the alphabetic phase
- ANSWER -The written forms of
spoken,
alphabetic language languages which use letters (graphemes) in a code
represent
to the
sounds of speech (phonemes) specific sequences of letterswords,
form this is the
alphabeticprinciple.If weobeyedthis principlewewouldn'thavewords like to, too, and
two.
Gradual release of responsibility
- ANSWER -Teaching approach that
incorporates
scaffolding(buildingon whatthestudentalreadyknows)so thattheresponsibility for
the content is shifted from teacher to student.
Strategiesfor vocabulary/literacy
development- ANSWER -Integration:connecting
new vocabulary to prior knowledge
Repetition:encountering/using
thewordconceptmanytimes
Meaningfuluse:multipleopportunitiesto usenewwordsin reading,writing,and soon
discussion
,Socio-cultural theory/Ex.- ANSWER -Extends the influence on the cognitive-
constructivistview out from the readerand the text into the larger social realm.
Learning is viewed as social rather than individual.
-Lev Vygotsky Ex.
Understandingthezoneof proximaldevelopmentcan behelpfulfor teachers.
In classroomsettings,teachersmayfirst assessstudentsto determinetheir currentskill
level. Educators can then offer instruction that stretches the limits of
child's
each
capabilities.
At first, the studentmay need assistancefrom an adult or a more knowledgeable
peer, but eventually, their zone of proximal development will expand. Teachers
can
help promote this expansion by:
Planning and organizing their instruction and lessons:For example,the teacher
might organize the class into groups whereless skilled children are paired with
students who have a higher skill level.
Using hints,prompts,and directinstructionto helpkids improvetheirabilitylevels.
Scaffolding,wheretheteacherprovidesspecificpromptsto movethechild progressively
forward toward a goal.
Reader Response Theory
- ANSWER -The main argument of reader
-responsetheory is
that readers, as much as the text, play an active role in a reading
experience (Rosenblatt,
1994). This theory rejects the structuralist view meaning
that residessolelyin thetext.
Words in a textevokeimagesin readers'minds and readers bring their experiences to
this encounter.
ExperientialLearning - ANSWER -As thenamesuggests,experientiallearninginvolves
learning from experience. The theory was proposed by psychologist
David Kolb who
was influenced by the work of other theorists including Dewey,
John Kurt Lewin, and
Jean Piaget
Oral LanguageDevelopment- ANSWER -The complexsystemthatrelatessoundsto
meanings, is made of three components: phonological, (rules for combining
sounds)
semantic,(thesmallest units of meaning that may
be combined to make
up words) and
syntactic (the rules that combine morphemes into sentences). Reading
and talking with
,children plays an important role in developing their vocabulary.
, The more you talk to children, the larger their vocabulary will develop.Pragmatic
Note:
is alsotherulesthatallowus to speakappropriatelyin differentsettings
Whatarethestagesof writingdevelopment?- ANSWER -Scribbling/drawingLetter like
forms and shapes
Letters
Lettersand spaces
Conventionalwritingand spelling(childrenin this stagespellmostwordscorrectlywith
a reliance on knowledge of phonics to spell longer words,can
they
punctuate,can
properly use capital and lower case letters. Writing different purposes
important,
is
handwriting and spelling becomes easier.
ConstructivistTheory- ANSWER -A philosophybasedon thepremisethatpeople
construct their own understanding of the world they live in through reflection on
experiences.
ConstructivistTheoryin Practice- ANSWER -For example:Groupsof studentsin a
science class are discussing a problem in physics. Though the teacher knows the
"answer" to the problem, she focuses on helping students restate their questions in
useful ways. She prompts each
student toreflecton and examine his or her current
knowledge. When one of the students comes up with the relevant concept,
teacher
the
seizes upon it, and indicates to the group that this might be a fruitful
avenue for them
to explore. They design and perform relevant experiments.
Afterward,thestudentsand teachertalk aboutwhattheyhavelearned,and howtheir
observations and experiments helped (or did not help) them to understand
better the
concept.
Cognitive-constructivist view of reading
- ANSWER -Aim to assist students in
assimilatingnew informationto existing knowledge, as wellenabling
as themto make
theappropriateaccommodationsto theirexistingintellectualframeworkto
accommodate that information. Ex. Because of Winn
-Dixie; from her inference,
and
active knowledge of the text says that people who have things in common
often become
Interventions (Revised) with Complete Solutions |
Latest 2025.
Whatarestagesof readingdevelopment- ANSWER -Early Emergent
Emergent(understandsalphabet,phonologicalawarenessand knowsphonics,have
command of high frequency words, developing comprehension and wordskills,
attack
recognize types of texts, non
-fiction and fiction, and that reading has
variety
a of
purposes).
Early Fluent
Fluent
What are the stages of the alphabetic phase
- ANSWER -The written forms of
spoken,
alphabetic language languages which use letters (graphemes) in a code
represent
to the
sounds of speech (phonemes) specific sequences of letterswords,
form this is the
alphabeticprinciple.If weobeyedthis principlewewouldn'thavewords like to, too, and
two.
Gradual release of responsibility
- ANSWER -Teaching approach that
incorporates
scaffolding(buildingon whatthestudentalreadyknows)so thattheresponsibility for
the content is shifted from teacher to student.
Strategiesfor vocabulary/literacy
development- ANSWER -Integration:connecting
new vocabulary to prior knowledge
Repetition:encountering/using
thewordconceptmanytimes
Meaningfuluse:multipleopportunitiesto usenewwordsin reading,writing,and soon
discussion
,Socio-cultural theory/Ex.- ANSWER -Extends the influence on the cognitive-
constructivistview out from the readerand the text into the larger social realm.
Learning is viewed as social rather than individual.
-Lev Vygotsky Ex.
Understandingthezoneof proximaldevelopmentcan behelpfulfor teachers.
In classroomsettings,teachersmayfirst assessstudentsto determinetheir currentskill
level. Educators can then offer instruction that stretches the limits of
child's
each
capabilities.
At first, the studentmay need assistancefrom an adult or a more knowledgeable
peer, but eventually, their zone of proximal development will expand. Teachers
can
help promote this expansion by:
Planning and organizing their instruction and lessons:For example,the teacher
might organize the class into groups whereless skilled children are paired with
students who have a higher skill level.
Using hints,prompts,and directinstructionto helpkids improvetheirabilitylevels.
Scaffolding,wheretheteacherprovidesspecificpromptsto movethechild progressively
forward toward a goal.
Reader Response Theory
- ANSWER -The main argument of reader
-responsetheory is
that readers, as much as the text, play an active role in a reading
experience (Rosenblatt,
1994). This theory rejects the structuralist view meaning
that residessolelyin thetext.
Words in a textevokeimagesin readers'minds and readers bring their experiences to
this encounter.
ExperientialLearning - ANSWER -As thenamesuggests,experientiallearninginvolves
learning from experience. The theory was proposed by psychologist
David Kolb who
was influenced by the work of other theorists including Dewey,
John Kurt Lewin, and
Jean Piaget
Oral LanguageDevelopment- ANSWER -The complexsystemthatrelatessoundsto
meanings, is made of three components: phonological, (rules for combining
sounds)
semantic,(thesmallest units of meaning that may
be combined to make
up words) and
syntactic (the rules that combine morphemes into sentences). Reading
and talking with
,children plays an important role in developing their vocabulary.
, The more you talk to children, the larger their vocabulary will develop.Pragmatic
Note:
is alsotherulesthatallowus to speakappropriatelyin differentsettings
Whatarethestagesof writingdevelopment?- ANSWER -Scribbling/drawingLetter like
forms and shapes
Letters
Lettersand spaces
Conventionalwritingand spelling(childrenin this stagespellmostwordscorrectlywith
a reliance on knowledge of phonics to spell longer words,can
they
punctuate,can
properly use capital and lower case letters. Writing different purposes
important,
is
handwriting and spelling becomes easier.
ConstructivistTheory- ANSWER -A philosophybasedon thepremisethatpeople
construct their own understanding of the world they live in through reflection on
experiences.
ConstructivistTheoryin Practice- ANSWER -For example:Groupsof studentsin a
science class are discussing a problem in physics. Though the teacher knows the
"answer" to the problem, she focuses on helping students restate their questions in
useful ways. She prompts each
student toreflecton and examine his or her current
knowledge. When one of the students comes up with the relevant concept,
teacher
the
seizes upon it, and indicates to the group that this might be a fruitful
avenue for them
to explore. They design and perform relevant experiments.
Afterward,thestudentsand teachertalk aboutwhattheyhavelearned,and howtheir
observations and experiments helped (or did not help) them to understand
better the
concept.
Cognitive-constructivist view of reading
- ANSWER -Aim to assist students in
assimilatingnew informationto existing knowledge, as wellenabling
as themto make
theappropriateaccommodationsto theirexistingintellectualframeworkto
accommodate that information. Ex. Because of Winn
-Dixie; from her inference,
and
active knowledge of the text says that people who have things in common
often become
