TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited f traits fare f affected fby fgenes.
• Genes f are f composed f of f the f chemical f deoxyribonucleic f acid f (DNA).
• DNA freplicates f to f form f (usually f identical) f copies f of f itself.
• DNA fcontains fa fcode fspecifying fwhat ftypes fof fenzymes fand fother fproteins fare
fmade fin fcells.
• DNA foccasionally fmutates, f and fthe fmutant fforms fspecify faltered fproteins.
• A fmutant fenzyme fis fan f"inborn ferror fof fmetabolism" fthat fblocks fone fstep fin
fa fbio- fchemical fpathway ffor fthe fmetabolism fof fsmall fmolecules.
• Traits fare faffected fby f environment fas fwell fas fby fgenes.
• Organisms fchange fgenetically fthrough fgenerations fin fthe fprocess fof
fbiological fevolution.
• Because fof ftheir fcomm.on fdescent, forganisms fshare fmany ffeatures fof ftheir fgenetics
and fbiochemistry.
Key fTerms
1. complementary fbase fpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central fdogma
4. transcri f tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer f RNA f (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic feffect for fpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts fin f Action
1.1. (a) ffalse; f(b) ftrue; f(c) ftrue; f(d) ffalse.
1.2. The fimportance fof fthe fnucleus fin finheritance fwas fimplied fby fits fprominence fin
ffer- ftilization. fThe fdiscovery fof fchromosomes finside fthe fnucleus, ftheir
fbehavior fduring fcell fdivision, fand fthe fobservation fthat feach fspecies fhas fa
fcharacteristic fchromosome fnumber fmade fit flikely fthat fchromosomes fwere fthe
fcarriers fof fthe fgenes. fMicro- fscopic f studies f showed f that f DNA f and f proteins
f are f both f present f in f chromosomes, fbut fwhereas fnearly fall fcells fof fa fgiven
fspecies fcontain fa f constant famount fof fDNA, fthe famount fand fkinds f of
fproteins fdiffer fgreatly fin fdifferent fcell ftypes.
C f2006 fby fJones fand fBartlett fPublishers
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited f traits fare f affected fby fgenes.
• Genes f are f composed f of f the f chemical f deoxyribonucleic f acid f (DNA).
• DNA freplicates f to f form f (usually f identical) f copies f of f itself.
• DNA fcontains fa fcode fspecifying fwhat ftypes fof fenzymes fand fother fproteins fare
fmade fin fcells.
• DNA foccasionally fmutates, f and fthe fmutant fforms fspecify faltered fproteins.
• A fmutant fenzyme fis fan f"inborn ferror fof fmetabolism" fthat fblocks fone fstep fin
fa fbio- fchemical fpathway ffor fthe fmetabolism fof fsmall fmolecules.
• Traits fare faffected fby f environment fas fwell fas fby fgenes.
• Organisms fchange fgenetically fthrough fgenerations fin fthe fprocess fof
fbiological fevolution.
• Because fof ftheir fcomm.on fdescent, forganisms fshare fmany ffeatures fof ftheir fgenetics
and fbiochemistry.
Key fTerms
1. complementary fbase fpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central fdogma
4. transcri f tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer f RNA f (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic feffect for fpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts fin f Action
1.1. (a) ffalse; f(b) ftrue; f(c) ftrue; f(d) ffalse.
1.2. The fimportance fof fthe fnucleus fin finheritance fwas fimplied fby fits fprominence fin
ffer- ftilization. fThe fdiscovery fof fchromosomes finside fthe fnucleus, ftheir
fbehavior fduring fcell fdivision, fand fthe fobservation fthat feach fspecies fhas fa
fcharacteristic fchromosome fnumber fmade fit flikely fthat fchromosomes fwere fthe
fcarriers fof fthe fgenes. fMicro- fscopic f studies f showed f that f DNA f and f proteins
f are f both f present f in f chromosomes, fbut fwhereas fnearly fall fcells fof fa fgiven
fspecies fcontain fa f constant famount fof fDNA, fthe famount fand fkinds f of
fproteins fdiffer fgreatly fin fdifferent fcell ftypes.
C f2006 fby fJones fand fBartlett fPublishers
