EBD Midterm: Quick hitters Questions With Complete
Solutions
Randomized control trials are _____, experimental studies
where subjects are _____ assigned to a _____ or _____ group.
prospective; randomly; treatment; control
Single-blind RCT
participants don't know which group they're in (e.g.
experimental drug or placebo)
Double-blind RCT
participants & researchers are unaware of who receives
treatment vs. placebo - reduces bias
Triple-blind RCT
participants, researchers, & data-analysts are unaware of group
assignments - further reduces bias
parallel group trials
groups or clusters are randomized to study conditions &
observations are taken from members without cross-over
between groups or study arms
Pragmatic RCTs
mimic usual clinical practice to inform real-world decision
making by patients, clinicians, & policy makers. Assess the
effectiveness of available medicines
types of cohort studies
, 1. prospective cohort study: following pt from first meeting
2. retrospective cohort study: chart reviews
the outcome measure in cohort studies is usually a _____ _____
or _____ _____.
risk ratio or relative risk (RR)
cohort studies
observational: follows a group of people over time to see who
develops a disease or condition
What type of questions can you ask in cohort studies
etiology, prognosis, & therapy questions
case control studies
observational: compares people who have a condition (cases) to
those who do not (controls) to identify potential risk factors
from the past
the main outcome in case-control studies is _____ _____.
odds ratio (OR)
(N)
population
Population
any collection of individuals or units for which the conclusions
of a study are intended to be valid
(n)
sample
Solutions
Randomized control trials are _____, experimental studies
where subjects are _____ assigned to a _____ or _____ group.
prospective; randomly; treatment; control
Single-blind RCT
participants don't know which group they're in (e.g.
experimental drug or placebo)
Double-blind RCT
participants & researchers are unaware of who receives
treatment vs. placebo - reduces bias
Triple-blind RCT
participants, researchers, & data-analysts are unaware of group
assignments - further reduces bias
parallel group trials
groups or clusters are randomized to study conditions &
observations are taken from members without cross-over
between groups or study arms
Pragmatic RCTs
mimic usual clinical practice to inform real-world decision
making by patients, clinicians, & policy makers. Assess the
effectiveness of available medicines
types of cohort studies
, 1. prospective cohort study: following pt from first meeting
2. retrospective cohort study: chart reviews
the outcome measure in cohort studies is usually a _____ _____
or _____ _____.
risk ratio or relative risk (RR)
cohort studies
observational: follows a group of people over time to see who
develops a disease or condition
What type of questions can you ask in cohort studies
etiology, prognosis, & therapy questions
case control studies
observational: compares people who have a condition (cases) to
those who do not (controls) to identify potential risk factors
from the past
the main outcome in case-control studies is _____ _____.
odds ratio (OR)
(N)
population
Population
any collection of individuals or units for which the conclusions
of a study are intended to be valid
(n)
sample
