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Nursing Pathophysiology exam with correct answers

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Nursing Pathophysiology exam with correct answers

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Nursing Pathophysiology exam with |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




correct answers |||\\\




Physiologic pH is maintained around 7.4 because carbonic acid and bicarbonate exist in a ratio
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




of: - correct answer✔✔1/20
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1. Long-term potassium deficits increase the risk of: - correct answer✔✔Cardiac Dysrhythmia
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1. A 19-year-old male presents to his physician complaining of restlessness, muscle cramping,
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and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. The severity of his condition is not
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




related to what factor? - correct answer✔✔Age of symptom onset
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1. Which of the following conditions is the most significant risk factor for developing
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




hypernatremia? - correct answer✔✔Diarrhea |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER because he is incoherent and semiconscious. The CT
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is referred to as: -
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




correct answer✔✔Localized Edema |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. Which of the following conditions would likely not increase permeability in the capillaries? -
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correct answer✔✔Low blood glucose |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major renal buffering system? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔HPO4/NH3



1. Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with metabolic acidosis? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔Hyperventilation
|||\\\

,A 42-year-old female has findings of muscle spasms and cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests
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indicate that she is hypocalcemic. Which of the following occurrences is the most likely cause
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




of her condition? - correct answer✔✔Recent blood administration
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1. The most likely EKG finding in the patient whose lab results indicate hypokalemia is: - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔Shallow T wave
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1. The nurse admits a 1 week old newborn to the pediatric unit with a likely medical diagnosis
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




of severe dehydration due to feeding intolerance and vomiting. Which physical findings are
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




probable? - correct answer✔✔Sunken fontanels, increased heart rate, dry mucus membranes |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. The percentage of total body water of a 70 kilogram male is about: - correct answer✔✔60%
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. An early sign of respiratory acidosis includes all except: - correct answer✔✔Tremors
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1. Water movement from the capillaries into the tissues is most likely determined by: - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔Plasma oncotic pressure |||\\\ |||\\\




1. A 25 year old woman reports edema in her lower legs and feet after a shift standing as a
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grocery clerk. The likely cause of this edema is: - correct answer✔✔Venous obstruction
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1. The nurse caring for an elderly patient with congestive heart failure(CHF) is discussing wound
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care for his recent leg injury. The nurse accurately teaches the following finding, important for
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




the patient to understand: - correct answer✔✔Avoid edema in the legs, as it slows wound
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




healing



The most commonly found cation in the intracellular fluid of the body is: - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔Potassium

, 1. The following elements in plasma move readily across the capillary membrane except: -
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




correct answer✔✔Protein |||\\\ |||\\\




1. To provide homeostasis in the body, the enzyme renin is released in which of the following
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




circumstances? - correct answer✔✔Sodium level decreases |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. To preserve water balance in the body, circulating aldosterone produces all except the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




following effect: - correct answer✔✔Potassium reabsorption |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. Which of the following is a true statement about total body water (TBW)? - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔TBW decreases in the elderly |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. The usual compensatory mechanism for respiratory acidosis is: - correct answer✔✔Renal
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




bicarbonate retention |||\\\




1. Central nervous system findings in the patient with respiratory alkalosis can include all of the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




following except: - correct answer✔✔Cataracts
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1. Calcium and phosphate concentrations in the body are controlled by each of the following
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




except: - correct answer✔✔Hydrogen |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




1. An increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood is referred to as: - correct
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\




answer✔✔Acidosis



A 50-year-old female develops skin cancer on her head and neck following years of sunbathing.
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Which of the following cancers are the most likely? - correct answer✔✔Basal Cell Carcinoma
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The nurse accurately teaches a group of adolescents in a high school health class that the
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largest preventable risk factor for cancer is exposure to: - correct answer✔✔Tobacco
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