1|Page
PHARMACOLOGY HESI RN EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED||
After taking lactulose (cholac) for several days. What therapeutic
response for a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?
a) reduce liquid stools
b) improve mental status
c) increase urine output
d) ability to ambulate independently - ANSWER-b. improved
mental status
Lactulose, a hyperosmotic laxative, draws water into the gut,
reduces the formation of ammonia in the gut, and lowers serum
ammonia levels, which are elevated in hepatic encephalopathy
and cause confusion that can lead to pre-coma and coma. The
client's mental status should improve after taking lactulose.
a/c/d- not expected outcomes
,2|Page
What action should the nurse take prior to administering digoxin
(Lanoxin) PO?
a. Obtain a left radial pulse for 30 seconds
b. listen to the heart at the left 5th intercostal space
c. check the client for signs of orthostatic hypotension
d. verify that the urine output exceeds 30 ml/ hour - ANSWER-b.
listen to the heart at the left 5th intercostal space
Bradycardia, a late sign of digtox, should be assessed for by
counting the client's apical heart rate (with the stethoscope
positioned at the 4th or 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular
line) for a full minute.
a. is often irregular and can vary significantly from apical rate
c/d. can provide information but not priority assessments
The nurse is instructing a client with allergic rhinitis about the
correct technique for using an intranasal inhaler. What instruction
is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?
,3|Page
a. use the inhaler when first awakening in the morning
b. avoid shaking the inhaler immediately before using
c. hold one nostril closed while spraying the other nostril
d. angle the tip of the inhaler upward while spraying - ANSWER-c.
hold one nostril closed while spraying the other nostril
to receive the medication as prescribed, one nostril should be
held closed while the other is sprayed.
a. inhaler use is not limited to morning
b. the inhaler should be shaken before use
d. this is not necessary
A client with multiple sclerosis starts a new prescription, baclofen,
to control muscle spasticity. Three days later, the client calls the
clinic nurse and reports feeling fatigue and dizzy. What instruction
should the nurse provide?
a. stop taking the medication immediately
b. avoid hazardous activities until symptoms subside
, 4|Page
c. increase intake of fluids and high protein foods
d. obtain transportation to the ED - ANSWER-b. avoid hazardous
activities until symptoms subside
fatigue and dizziness are common side effects of baclofen, so the
client should be instructed to avoid hazardous activities until
symptoms subside
a- abrupt withdrawal of baclofen may precipitate withdrawal
symtoms
c/d- not necessary
The nurse notes that a client has a new prescription for 20 mEq of
potassium chloride (KCl) to be administered IV push STAT. The
client's IV site is slightly inflamed but is not tender and has a
blood flashback. What action should the nurse take?
a. fax the prescription to the pharmacy for immediate delivery of
the medication
b. obtain a liter of normal saline with 20 mEq of KCl from the
supply cart
PHARMACOLOGY HESI RN EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED||
After taking lactulose (cholac) for several days. What therapeutic
response for a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?
a) reduce liquid stools
b) improve mental status
c) increase urine output
d) ability to ambulate independently - ANSWER-b. improved
mental status
Lactulose, a hyperosmotic laxative, draws water into the gut,
reduces the formation of ammonia in the gut, and lowers serum
ammonia levels, which are elevated in hepatic encephalopathy
and cause confusion that can lead to pre-coma and coma. The
client's mental status should improve after taking lactulose.
a/c/d- not expected outcomes
,2|Page
What action should the nurse take prior to administering digoxin
(Lanoxin) PO?
a. Obtain a left radial pulse for 30 seconds
b. listen to the heart at the left 5th intercostal space
c. check the client for signs of orthostatic hypotension
d. verify that the urine output exceeds 30 ml/ hour - ANSWER-b.
listen to the heart at the left 5th intercostal space
Bradycardia, a late sign of digtox, should be assessed for by
counting the client's apical heart rate (with the stethoscope
positioned at the 4th or 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular
line) for a full minute.
a. is often irregular and can vary significantly from apical rate
c/d. can provide information but not priority assessments
The nurse is instructing a client with allergic rhinitis about the
correct technique for using an intranasal inhaler. What instruction
is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?
,3|Page
a. use the inhaler when first awakening in the morning
b. avoid shaking the inhaler immediately before using
c. hold one nostril closed while spraying the other nostril
d. angle the tip of the inhaler upward while spraying - ANSWER-c.
hold one nostril closed while spraying the other nostril
to receive the medication as prescribed, one nostril should be
held closed while the other is sprayed.
a. inhaler use is not limited to morning
b. the inhaler should be shaken before use
d. this is not necessary
A client with multiple sclerosis starts a new prescription, baclofen,
to control muscle spasticity. Three days later, the client calls the
clinic nurse and reports feeling fatigue and dizzy. What instruction
should the nurse provide?
a. stop taking the medication immediately
b. avoid hazardous activities until symptoms subside
, 4|Page
c. increase intake of fluids and high protein foods
d. obtain transportation to the ED - ANSWER-b. avoid hazardous
activities until symptoms subside
fatigue and dizziness are common side effects of baclofen, so the
client should be instructed to avoid hazardous activities until
symptoms subside
a- abrupt withdrawal of baclofen may precipitate withdrawal
symtoms
c/d- not necessary
The nurse notes that a client has a new prescription for 20 mEq of
potassium chloride (KCl) to be administered IV push STAT. The
client's IV site is slightly inflamed but is not tender and has a
blood flashback. What action should the nurse take?
a. fax the prescription to the pharmacy for immediate delivery of
the medication
b. obtain a liter of normal saline with 20 mEq of KCl from the
supply cart
