JR 101 REVISION PAST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025/2026 ALL RATED A+
✔✔T or F: the primary function of the quad muscle group is to flex the knee - ✔✔False
✔✔The knee joint is a modified hinge joint that is also a ______ joint - ✔✔Synovial
✔✔The MCL is primarily responsible for: - ✔✔restraint to valgus angulation
✔✔T or F: the patella serves as a fulcrum for the quadriceps muscles and provides a
mechanical advantage to help the quadriceps function more efficiently. - ✔✔True
✔✔The ligaments of the knee can be divided into two groups: -
✔✔extacapsular/intracapsular
✔✔avascular necrosis means: - ✔✔death of bone related to lack of blood flow
✔✔How many articulations exist within the knee joint (excluding the fibula)? - ✔✔3
✔✔The largest joint in the human body? - ✔✔Knee
✔✔When referring to the bone anatomy of the knee, how many bones make
compromise the knee? - ✔✔4
✔✔The hamstring muscle group includes: - ✔✔biceps femoris, semitendinosus,
semimembranosus
✔✔The fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones is: - ✔✔Ligament
✔✔Bilateral means - ✔✔occurring on both sides of the body
✔✔The PCL in the knee: - ✔✔*none of the answers are correct*:
originates on the tibia and inserts on the tibial tuberosity
originates on the tibia and inserts on the patella
originates on the tibia and inserts on the fibular head
✔✔The ACL is primarily responsible for: - ✔✔restraint to the anterior tibial translation
with respect to the femur
✔✔The proximal portion of the patella is referred to as the: - ✔✔base
✔✔T or F: the point of origin of a muscle is a location where a muscle can move -
✔✔False
, ✔✔With respect to the degrees of freedom of motion in the knee: How many are there?
- ✔✔6
✔✔The mechanical axis of the lower extremity is determined by drawing a straight line
from: - ✔✔the center of the femoral head to the center of the ankle joint
✔✔When we refer to the "functional axes" of the knee, we reference the combination of
rotations around what two axes? - ✔✔the transepycondyler axis of the femur combines
with the longitudinal axis of the tibia
✔✔The flexion-extension axis closely corresponds to the insertion points what two
ligamentous soft tissue structures in the knee joint? - ✔✔the MCL and LCL
✔✔The "anatomical" (aka. "clinical") transepicondylar axis of the knee is an imaginary
line that connects: - ✔✔the most prominent points of the medal and lateral epicondyles
✔✔The "surgical" epicondylar axis is an imaginary line that connects: - ✔✔the medical
epicondylar sulcus with the prominence of the lateral epicondyle
✔✔Which distal femoral epicondyle (medial or lateral) in the knee joint has a sulcus? -
✔✔medial
✔✔The posterior condylar line is: - ✔✔parallel to the.....
✔✔Whiteside's line is also known as: - ✔✔the trochlear a/p axis
✔✔Where is Whiteside's line drawn from? - ✔✔a line drawn from the deepest part of
the trochlear groove posteriorly to the center of the intercondyler notch
✔✔T or F: the native human knee (not operated on) has a medial pivot. - ✔✔True
✔✔T or F: during the screw home arc of motion in the knee, the tibia will internally
rotate with reference to the femur as the knee extends. - ✔✔False
✔✔T or F: since the knee joint requires little assistance from the muscles as it moves
through the screw home arc of motion, the resultant motion is described as "active"
motion. - ✔✔False
✔✔T or F: as the knee joint flexes throughout the functional arc of motion as we walk,
and the tibia is lifted off the ground, the femur externally rotates with reference to the
tibia. - ✔✔true
ANSWERS 2025/2026 ALL RATED A+
✔✔T or F: the primary function of the quad muscle group is to flex the knee - ✔✔False
✔✔The knee joint is a modified hinge joint that is also a ______ joint - ✔✔Synovial
✔✔The MCL is primarily responsible for: - ✔✔restraint to valgus angulation
✔✔T or F: the patella serves as a fulcrum for the quadriceps muscles and provides a
mechanical advantage to help the quadriceps function more efficiently. - ✔✔True
✔✔The ligaments of the knee can be divided into two groups: -
✔✔extacapsular/intracapsular
✔✔avascular necrosis means: - ✔✔death of bone related to lack of blood flow
✔✔How many articulations exist within the knee joint (excluding the fibula)? - ✔✔3
✔✔The largest joint in the human body? - ✔✔Knee
✔✔When referring to the bone anatomy of the knee, how many bones make
compromise the knee? - ✔✔4
✔✔The hamstring muscle group includes: - ✔✔biceps femoris, semitendinosus,
semimembranosus
✔✔The fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones is: - ✔✔Ligament
✔✔Bilateral means - ✔✔occurring on both sides of the body
✔✔The PCL in the knee: - ✔✔*none of the answers are correct*:
originates on the tibia and inserts on the tibial tuberosity
originates on the tibia and inserts on the patella
originates on the tibia and inserts on the fibular head
✔✔The ACL is primarily responsible for: - ✔✔restraint to the anterior tibial translation
with respect to the femur
✔✔The proximal portion of the patella is referred to as the: - ✔✔base
✔✔T or F: the point of origin of a muscle is a location where a muscle can move -
✔✔False
, ✔✔With respect to the degrees of freedom of motion in the knee: How many are there?
- ✔✔6
✔✔The mechanical axis of the lower extremity is determined by drawing a straight line
from: - ✔✔the center of the femoral head to the center of the ankle joint
✔✔When we refer to the "functional axes" of the knee, we reference the combination of
rotations around what two axes? - ✔✔the transepycondyler axis of the femur combines
with the longitudinal axis of the tibia
✔✔The flexion-extension axis closely corresponds to the insertion points what two
ligamentous soft tissue structures in the knee joint? - ✔✔the MCL and LCL
✔✔The "anatomical" (aka. "clinical") transepicondylar axis of the knee is an imaginary
line that connects: - ✔✔the most prominent points of the medal and lateral epicondyles
✔✔The "surgical" epicondylar axis is an imaginary line that connects: - ✔✔the medical
epicondylar sulcus with the prominence of the lateral epicondyle
✔✔Which distal femoral epicondyle (medial or lateral) in the knee joint has a sulcus? -
✔✔medial
✔✔The posterior condylar line is: - ✔✔parallel to the.....
✔✔Whiteside's line is also known as: - ✔✔the trochlear a/p axis
✔✔Where is Whiteside's line drawn from? - ✔✔a line drawn from the deepest part of
the trochlear groove posteriorly to the center of the intercondyler notch
✔✔T or F: the native human knee (not operated on) has a medial pivot. - ✔✔True
✔✔T or F: during the screw home arc of motion in the knee, the tibia will internally
rotate with reference to the femur as the knee extends. - ✔✔False
✔✔T or F: since the knee joint requires little assistance from the muscles as it moves
through the screw home arc of motion, the resultant motion is described as "active"
motion. - ✔✔False
✔✔T or F: as the knee joint flexes throughout the functional arc of motion as we walk,
and the tibia is lifted off the ground, the femur externally rotates with reference to the
tibia. - ✔✔true
