PSY1102 - Introduction to Psychology - Final Exam
(uOttawa PSY1102 Final Exam, Professor Victor Emerson)
Questions With Complete Solutions
`mental representation Correct Answer in Piaget's final
substage of sensorimotor development (from 18-24 months),
infants remember and re-enact situations and events that
happened previously without any ongoing perceptual supports
16PF Correct Answer a trait-based personality measure that
was developed from a list of personality traits; using factor
analysis, a number of personality factors were found. the final
measure of the 16PF is composed of items measuring 16
different personality characteristics/traits
absolute risk Correct Answer the probability or chance of
experiencing a specific outcome
acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) Correct Answer a
form of therapy that involves changing responses to our
thoughts and feelings rather than the thoughts and feelings
themselves
accommodation Correct Answer according to Piaget, the
creation of new cognitive structures to house new information
active open-mindedness Correct Answer the thinking
disposition in which one sensitizes oneself to look for an be
more aware of bias in one's thinking and reasoning, and one
cultivates habits of counteracting those biases
,actor-observer bias Correct Answer similar to fundamental
attribution error. one attributes the causes of one's own
behaviour to external causes and the behaviour of others to
internal, dispositional causes
actual self Correct Answer according to Rogers, the actual
self is the form of self that a person is currently at
acute stressors Correct Answer short-term external
circumstances or stimuli, lasting minutes to hours, with the
potential to disturb an individual's balanced state
adaption Correct Answer according to Binet and Simon, this
is one of three basic abilities of intelligence. it is the ability for
creating strategies for solving problems and monitoring the
progress of those strategies
addiction Correct Answer a disorder of the brain reward
system characterized by compulsive and repetitive engagement
in activities associated with immediate pleasure, even when the
long-term outcomes are negative
adolescent egocentrism Correct Answer Adolescents'
perception that others are focused on them, their feelings, and
their actions
affective component of attitude Correct Answer the emotional
aspect of attitudes
,Alzheimer's disease Correct Answer a disease marked by the
gradual onset of impairment in cognitive functions of memory,
reasoning, and judgement
amygdala Correct Answer a brain area that responds rapidly
to potential stressors. it is made up of two almond shaped
structures deep in the brain. the amygdala is sometimes called
the "neural watchdog" because it responds to potential stressor
rapidly and sometimes even before conscious awareness
analytic intelligence Correct Answer Sternberg's phrase for
the kind of intelligence that is used in standard IQ tests such as
mathematic reasoning
animism Correct Answer preschooler beliefs that stuffed toys
and other inanimate objects have feelings
anxious-preoccupied attachment Correct Answer In
attachment theory, an attachment style of infants and is
characterized by a constant need for intimacy, closeness, and
reassurance in intimate relationships
applied behaviour analysis (ABA) Correct Answer the goal of
this type of behaviour therapy is to reduce inappropriate
behaviours and increase effective communication, adaptive
learning, and appropriate social behaviours
appraisal support Correct Answer help evaluating the
demands of a situation and the resources available to cope with
it
, archetypes Correct Answer all universal knowledge is stored
in the collective unconscious by a variety of thought patterns
and behaviour rituals that persist over time. Jung proposed three
of there archetypes were the persona (patterns of behaviour used
in social settings), the shadow (darker, more primitive side to
personality), and the self, which is considered important because
it unites all aspects of one's personality
assent Correct Answer in research ethics, the ability of
children to indicate their willingness to participate in research
assimilation Correct Answer according to Piaget, the
incorporation of new information into existing cognitive
structures
attachment Correct Answer the patterned behaviour and
emotional bond one forms with primary caregivers in infancy,
which is associated with later behaviour in adult relationships
attitudes Correct Answer variations in thoughts, ideas, and
opinions
attribution theory Correct Answer a framework used to
explain the actions of others as the result of either dispositional
or situational causes
atypical antipsychotic Correct Answer a group of the second
generation of antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychotic
disorders. they act on both dopamine and serotonin in the brain
(uOttawa PSY1102 Final Exam, Professor Victor Emerson)
Questions With Complete Solutions
`mental representation Correct Answer in Piaget's final
substage of sensorimotor development (from 18-24 months),
infants remember and re-enact situations and events that
happened previously without any ongoing perceptual supports
16PF Correct Answer a trait-based personality measure that
was developed from a list of personality traits; using factor
analysis, a number of personality factors were found. the final
measure of the 16PF is composed of items measuring 16
different personality characteristics/traits
absolute risk Correct Answer the probability or chance of
experiencing a specific outcome
acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) Correct Answer a
form of therapy that involves changing responses to our
thoughts and feelings rather than the thoughts and feelings
themselves
accommodation Correct Answer according to Piaget, the
creation of new cognitive structures to house new information
active open-mindedness Correct Answer the thinking
disposition in which one sensitizes oneself to look for an be
more aware of bias in one's thinking and reasoning, and one
cultivates habits of counteracting those biases
,actor-observer bias Correct Answer similar to fundamental
attribution error. one attributes the causes of one's own
behaviour to external causes and the behaviour of others to
internal, dispositional causes
actual self Correct Answer according to Rogers, the actual
self is the form of self that a person is currently at
acute stressors Correct Answer short-term external
circumstances or stimuli, lasting minutes to hours, with the
potential to disturb an individual's balanced state
adaption Correct Answer according to Binet and Simon, this
is one of three basic abilities of intelligence. it is the ability for
creating strategies for solving problems and monitoring the
progress of those strategies
addiction Correct Answer a disorder of the brain reward
system characterized by compulsive and repetitive engagement
in activities associated with immediate pleasure, even when the
long-term outcomes are negative
adolescent egocentrism Correct Answer Adolescents'
perception that others are focused on them, their feelings, and
their actions
affective component of attitude Correct Answer the emotional
aspect of attitudes
,Alzheimer's disease Correct Answer a disease marked by the
gradual onset of impairment in cognitive functions of memory,
reasoning, and judgement
amygdala Correct Answer a brain area that responds rapidly
to potential stressors. it is made up of two almond shaped
structures deep in the brain. the amygdala is sometimes called
the "neural watchdog" because it responds to potential stressor
rapidly and sometimes even before conscious awareness
analytic intelligence Correct Answer Sternberg's phrase for
the kind of intelligence that is used in standard IQ tests such as
mathematic reasoning
animism Correct Answer preschooler beliefs that stuffed toys
and other inanimate objects have feelings
anxious-preoccupied attachment Correct Answer In
attachment theory, an attachment style of infants and is
characterized by a constant need for intimacy, closeness, and
reassurance in intimate relationships
applied behaviour analysis (ABA) Correct Answer the goal of
this type of behaviour therapy is to reduce inappropriate
behaviours and increase effective communication, adaptive
learning, and appropriate social behaviours
appraisal support Correct Answer help evaluating the
demands of a situation and the resources available to cope with
it
, archetypes Correct Answer all universal knowledge is stored
in the collective unconscious by a variety of thought patterns
and behaviour rituals that persist over time. Jung proposed three
of there archetypes were the persona (patterns of behaviour used
in social settings), the shadow (darker, more primitive side to
personality), and the self, which is considered important because
it unites all aspects of one's personality
assent Correct Answer in research ethics, the ability of
children to indicate their willingness to participate in research
assimilation Correct Answer according to Piaget, the
incorporation of new information into existing cognitive
structures
attachment Correct Answer the patterned behaviour and
emotional bond one forms with primary caregivers in infancy,
which is associated with later behaviour in adult relationships
attitudes Correct Answer variations in thoughts, ideas, and
opinions
attribution theory Correct Answer a framework used to
explain the actions of others as the result of either dispositional
or situational causes
atypical antipsychotic Correct Answer a group of the second
generation of antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychotic
disorders. they act on both dopamine and serotonin in the brain
