APHON Principles of Biotherapy
biotherapy - Answer-modality of tx: agents that resemble body's own defense and surveillance systems.
can augment/modulate/restore host's immune response, direct antitumor activity, other biological
effects. side effects typically hypersensitivity rx
immune surveillance - Answer-tumor cells express abnormal tumor antigens on surface that can be
recognized/destroyed by immune system
natural killer cells - Answer-lymphocyte that recognizes/kills malignant cells
cytotoxic t cells - Answer-recognize tumor-assosiated antigens and kills cells
interferons - Answer-multiple moa's & produced w/ recombinant dna.
protein capable of protecting other cells from viral infections by interfering w/ viral replication.
family of glycoproteins include: antiviral, antiproliferative, potent immunomodulatory effects
cytokines - Answer-products of immune cells to enhance cytotoxic activity of cells and increase immune
response
alpha-interferon - Answer-leukocyte-derived. tx: hairy cell leukemia, melanoma, chronic myeloid
leukemia, follicular lymphoma, multiple myeloma, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
beta-interferon - Answer-fibroblast-derived. tx MS
, gamma-interferon - Answer-t-lymphocyte derived. tx chronic granulomatus disease
interleukin-2 - Answer-produced by t-helper cells & stimulate growth/maturation of t-cell subsets,
cytotoxic t-cells, production of lymphokines & cytokines.
act as chemical signals b/w wbc's (revs up immune system)
retinoids - Answer-immunomodulators that facilitate differentiation & suppress proliferation of cancer
cells
all-trans retinoic acid (atra) - Answer-tx: aml, aml m3 subtype, apl
increase maturation of promyelocytic blasts and rapid resolution of coagulopathy r/t tx.
isotretinoin (accutane) - Answer-retinoid tx neuroblastoma.
have antitumor activity unknown moa. TERATOGENIC. male/female pt must register iPledge (fetal
exposure). can also affect hearing & vision
antibodies - Answer-proteins produced by b-lymphocytes. part of humoral immunity of adaptive system.
includes immunoglobulins (igG, igA, igM, igE, igD)
murine - Answer-mouse-derived MoAbs. pt develops human antimouse antibodies creating high risk of
hypersensitivity rx
end in -momab
Monoclonal antibodies - Answer-very specific. directed against single antigenic determinant on cell
surface causing antibody-dependent cellular toxicity, direct cell death, elimination of antigen/target cell
that expresses the antigen
low toxicity
biotherapy - Answer-modality of tx: agents that resemble body's own defense and surveillance systems.
can augment/modulate/restore host's immune response, direct antitumor activity, other biological
effects. side effects typically hypersensitivity rx
immune surveillance - Answer-tumor cells express abnormal tumor antigens on surface that can be
recognized/destroyed by immune system
natural killer cells - Answer-lymphocyte that recognizes/kills malignant cells
cytotoxic t cells - Answer-recognize tumor-assosiated antigens and kills cells
interferons - Answer-multiple moa's & produced w/ recombinant dna.
protein capable of protecting other cells from viral infections by interfering w/ viral replication.
family of glycoproteins include: antiviral, antiproliferative, potent immunomodulatory effects
cytokines - Answer-products of immune cells to enhance cytotoxic activity of cells and increase immune
response
alpha-interferon - Answer-leukocyte-derived. tx: hairy cell leukemia, melanoma, chronic myeloid
leukemia, follicular lymphoma, multiple myeloma, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
beta-interferon - Answer-fibroblast-derived. tx MS
, gamma-interferon - Answer-t-lymphocyte derived. tx chronic granulomatus disease
interleukin-2 - Answer-produced by t-helper cells & stimulate growth/maturation of t-cell subsets,
cytotoxic t-cells, production of lymphokines & cytokines.
act as chemical signals b/w wbc's (revs up immune system)
retinoids - Answer-immunomodulators that facilitate differentiation & suppress proliferation of cancer
cells
all-trans retinoic acid (atra) - Answer-tx: aml, aml m3 subtype, apl
increase maturation of promyelocytic blasts and rapid resolution of coagulopathy r/t tx.
isotretinoin (accutane) - Answer-retinoid tx neuroblastoma.
have antitumor activity unknown moa. TERATOGENIC. male/female pt must register iPledge (fetal
exposure). can also affect hearing & vision
antibodies - Answer-proteins produced by b-lymphocytes. part of humoral immunity of adaptive system.
includes immunoglobulins (igG, igA, igM, igE, igD)
murine - Answer-mouse-derived MoAbs. pt develops human antimouse antibodies creating high risk of
hypersensitivity rx
end in -momab
Monoclonal antibodies - Answer-very specific. directed against single antigenic determinant on cell
surface causing antibody-dependent cellular toxicity, direct cell death, elimination of antigen/target cell
that expresses the antigen
low toxicity
