Toxicology Exam queries and
answers graded A+
What does omics mean? - ANS✅✅It means all mixed
What is toxic genomics? - ANS✅✅Study of how genomes respond to environmental stressors and
toxicants and drugs
What kind of information does toxigenomics use? - ANS✅✅Genome mapping, protein expression
and modification patterns, metabolites processing and profiling, bioinformatics to integrate data
What is genomics? - ANS✅✅An array of methods to study genes and genomes using
Gene sequencing
Genotype analysis
Epigenetics
What is Transcriptomics? - ANS✅✅The study of mRNA which show that genes are active
What is proteomics? - ANS✅✅Study of proteomes which are collections of proteins that carry out
the functions encoded by genes.
What is Metabonomics? - ANS✅✅Study of products of biological processes, which change in
response to nutrition stress and disease state
What are some uses of Toxigenomics? - ANS✅✅Grouping compounds that are similar in
mechanism,
Understanding of mechanisms of compound action,
ranking of drug candidates,
Discovery of biomarkers of toxicity
What are the four levels of theraputic efficacy? - ANS✅✅PM poor (extremely low dose
IM Intermediate (lower dose)
, EM Extensive (regular dose)
UM Ultra rapid ( high dose)
What is the most stable between DNA Protein and RNA? - ANS✅✅DNA most stable
What is the least stable between DNA Protein and RNA? - ANS✅✅RNA least stable
What is a Repressor? - ANS✅✅Proteins that bind to selected sets of genes at sites known as
silencers and slow transcription
What is an Activator? - ANS✅✅These proteins bind to genes at sites known as enhancers and
increase the rate of transcription
What is a Coactivator? - ANS✅✅These are adapter molecules that integrate signals from activators
and repressors
What are Basal transcription factors? - ANS✅✅In response to injuctions from activators these
factors position RNA polymerase at the start of transcription and initiate the transcription process.
What can protein postmodifications cause and identify? - ANS✅✅Regulation of activity
Protein protein interactions
Subcellular localization
Aging
What are main genomic technologies? - ANS✅✅PCR
RT PCR
D PCR
Profiling
What does PCR identify? - ANS✅✅polymerase chain reaction which detects at the end of the
reaction
answers graded A+
What does omics mean? - ANS✅✅It means all mixed
What is toxic genomics? - ANS✅✅Study of how genomes respond to environmental stressors and
toxicants and drugs
What kind of information does toxigenomics use? - ANS✅✅Genome mapping, protein expression
and modification patterns, metabolites processing and profiling, bioinformatics to integrate data
What is genomics? - ANS✅✅An array of methods to study genes and genomes using
Gene sequencing
Genotype analysis
Epigenetics
What is Transcriptomics? - ANS✅✅The study of mRNA which show that genes are active
What is proteomics? - ANS✅✅Study of proteomes which are collections of proteins that carry out
the functions encoded by genes.
What is Metabonomics? - ANS✅✅Study of products of biological processes, which change in
response to nutrition stress and disease state
What are some uses of Toxigenomics? - ANS✅✅Grouping compounds that are similar in
mechanism,
Understanding of mechanisms of compound action,
ranking of drug candidates,
Discovery of biomarkers of toxicity
What are the four levels of theraputic efficacy? - ANS✅✅PM poor (extremely low dose
IM Intermediate (lower dose)
, EM Extensive (regular dose)
UM Ultra rapid ( high dose)
What is the most stable between DNA Protein and RNA? - ANS✅✅DNA most stable
What is the least stable between DNA Protein and RNA? - ANS✅✅RNA least stable
What is a Repressor? - ANS✅✅Proteins that bind to selected sets of genes at sites known as
silencers and slow transcription
What is an Activator? - ANS✅✅These proteins bind to genes at sites known as enhancers and
increase the rate of transcription
What is a Coactivator? - ANS✅✅These are adapter molecules that integrate signals from activators
and repressors
What are Basal transcription factors? - ANS✅✅In response to injuctions from activators these
factors position RNA polymerase at the start of transcription and initiate the transcription process.
What can protein postmodifications cause and identify? - ANS✅✅Regulation of activity
Protein protein interactions
Subcellular localization
Aging
What are main genomic technologies? - ANS✅✅PCR
RT PCR
D PCR
Profiling
What does PCR identify? - ANS✅✅polymerase chain reaction which detects at the end of the
reaction
