Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Questions and
Answers
What is arteriosclerosis? - ✅✅abnormal thickening & hardening of the vessel walls
In arteriosclerosis smooth muscle cells & collagen fibers migrate where? - ✅✅tunica intima
What is atherosclerosis? - ✅✅thickening & hardening caused by accumulation of lipid-laden
macrophages in the arterial wall (plaque development)
What is the progression of atherosclerosis? - ✅✅- inflammation of endothelium
- cellular proliferation
- macrophage migration
- LDL oxidation (foam cell formation)
- fatty streak
- fibrous plaque
- complicated plaque
What is orthostatic (postural) hypotension? - ✅✅decrease in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure
upon standing
What causes orthostatic (postural) hypotension? - ✅✅lack of normal BP compensation in response to
gravitational changes on the circulation
What is an aneurysm? - ✅✅local dilation or outpouching of a vessel wall or cardiac chamber
Fusiform & circumferential aneurysms are (true/false) aneurysms? - ✅✅true
Saccular aneurysms are (true/false) aneurysms? - ✅✅false
, What is a thrombus formation? - ✅✅blood clot that remains attached to the vessel wall
What is a thromboembolus? - ✅✅a clot that breaks off & lodges elsewhere in a smaller blood vessel
& blocks
What is an embolism? - ✅✅bolus matter that is in circulation in the bloodstream
What are characteristics of an embolism? - ✅✅- dislodged thrombus
- air bubble
- amniotic fluid
- aggregate of fat
- bacteria
- cancer cells
- foreign substance
What is peripheral artery disease? - ✅✅atherosclerotic disease of the arteries that perfuse the limbs
What is intermittent claudication? - ✅✅obstruction of arterial blood flow in the iliofemoral vessels
resulting in pain w/ambulation
What population of people does Buerger's disease occur in? - ✅✅young men who smoke
What is Buerger's disease? - ✅✅imflammatory disease of peripheral arteries resulting in the
formation of nonatherosclerotic lesions
What does Buerger's disease do do the arteries? - ✅✅obliterates the small & medium-sized arteries
What are symptoms of Buerger's disease? - ✅✅slow, sluggish blood flow
Answers
What is arteriosclerosis? - ✅✅abnormal thickening & hardening of the vessel walls
In arteriosclerosis smooth muscle cells & collagen fibers migrate where? - ✅✅tunica intima
What is atherosclerosis? - ✅✅thickening & hardening caused by accumulation of lipid-laden
macrophages in the arterial wall (plaque development)
What is the progression of atherosclerosis? - ✅✅- inflammation of endothelium
- cellular proliferation
- macrophage migration
- LDL oxidation (foam cell formation)
- fatty streak
- fibrous plaque
- complicated plaque
What is orthostatic (postural) hypotension? - ✅✅decrease in both systolic & diastolic blood pressure
upon standing
What causes orthostatic (postural) hypotension? - ✅✅lack of normal BP compensation in response to
gravitational changes on the circulation
What is an aneurysm? - ✅✅local dilation or outpouching of a vessel wall or cardiac chamber
Fusiform & circumferential aneurysms are (true/false) aneurysms? - ✅✅true
Saccular aneurysms are (true/false) aneurysms? - ✅✅false
, What is a thrombus formation? - ✅✅blood clot that remains attached to the vessel wall
What is a thromboembolus? - ✅✅a clot that breaks off & lodges elsewhere in a smaller blood vessel
& blocks
What is an embolism? - ✅✅bolus matter that is in circulation in the bloodstream
What are characteristics of an embolism? - ✅✅- dislodged thrombus
- air bubble
- amniotic fluid
- aggregate of fat
- bacteria
- cancer cells
- foreign substance
What is peripheral artery disease? - ✅✅atherosclerotic disease of the arteries that perfuse the limbs
What is intermittent claudication? - ✅✅obstruction of arterial blood flow in the iliofemoral vessels
resulting in pain w/ambulation
What population of people does Buerger's disease occur in? - ✅✅young men who smoke
What is Buerger's disease? - ✅✅imflammatory disease of peripheral arteries resulting in the
formation of nonatherosclerotic lesions
What does Buerger's disease do do the arteries? - ✅✅obliterates the small & medium-sized arteries
What are symptoms of Buerger's disease? - ✅✅slow, sluggish blood flow
