HACC N141 Final Fall 2016 Exam Questions And Correct Answers

HACC N141 Final Fall 2016 Exam Questions
And Correct Answers


Infection Cycle - ANSWER -Infectious agent (microorganism)

-Reservoir (source)

-Portal of exit (exit from reservoir)

-Means of transmission (

-Portal of Entry (entry to susceptible host)

-Susceptible



Reservoir - ANSWER source of microorganisms



Portal of Exit - ANSWER Nose, Mouth:coughing, breathing talking, saliva, vomitus, Anus:
feces, urethral meatus, urinary meatus: semen, urine, vagina, open wound, any
disruption of the skin



Means of transmission - ANSWER -Direct transmission: contact/droplet

-indirect transmission: vehicle-borne transmission

vector-borne transmission

-airborne transmission: droplet nuclei



Portal of Entry - ANSWER -microorganisms enters through mouth, throat, nose, ears,
eyes, genitalia, cuts tears in skin



Susceptible Host - ANSWER individual who is at risk for infection ex: infant and
elderly/compromised host



#1 Breaking the cycle of Infection - ANSWER Hand Hygiene

,Isopropyl and ethyl alcohol - ANSWER effective against: bacteria,TB, Fungi, Viruses

Use on: hands and vial stoppers



Chlorine (bleach) - ANSWER effective against: bacteria, TB, Spores, Fungi, Viruses

Use on: blood spills



Hydrogen Peroxide - ANSWER effective against: bacteria, TB, spores, fungi, viruses

use on: surfaces



Iodophors - ANSWER effective against: bacteria, TB, spores, fungi, viruses

use on: equipment, intact skin, tissue of diluted



Phenol - ANSWER effective against: bacteria, TB, Fungi, Viruses

use on: Surfaces



Chlorhexeidine gluconate (Hibiclens) - ANSWER effective against: bacteria and viruses

use on: hands



Triclosan (bacti-stat) - ANSWER effective against: bacteria

use on: hands and intact skin



Prevent poor sterile technique - ANSWER 1. Good Hand hygiene

2. Constant surveillance

3. Written Protocol or guidelines

4.keep pt in best possible physical condition (avoid skin breakdown)

, Most common nosocomial infection - ANSWER Catheter associated UTI



Nosocomial Infections - ANSWER originating or taking place in a hospital, acquired in
the hospital, especially in reference to an infection

-use of invasive medical devices

-abx-resistant organisms developed in hospitals

-poor sterile technique

*Hospital are no longer reimbursed for certain nosocomial infections



Asepsis - ANSWER All activities that that prevent infection or break the chain or cycle



Medical Asepsis - ANSWER clean ex: hand washing and wearing gloves



Surgical Asepsis - ANSWER -same as surgical technique

-kills ALL microorganisms

-reduces the nosocomial infection

-used for all invasive procedures, catheter, sterile dressing changes, preparing and
injecting meds



Principle and Practices of Surgical Asepsis - ANSWER -all objects used in a sterile field
must be sterile

-sterile objects become unsterile when touched by unsterile objects

-steril items that are out of vision or below the waist or table level are considered
unsterile

-sterile objects can become unsterile by prolonged exposure to airborne
microorganisms

-Fluids flow in the direction of gravity

-Moisture that passes through a sterile object draws microorganisms from unsterile
surfaces above or below the sterile surface by capillary action