Pathophysiology ACTUAL Exam QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS|LATEST 2025|A+ GUARANTEED
What is allergic asthma associated with? -CORRECT ANSWER-Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE
mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? -CORRECT ANSWER-SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis
(aveoli close), Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung
Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? -CORRECT ANSWER-Pressure that builds up
and pushes the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected
lung
What is cystic fibrosis? -CORRECT ANSWER-Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and
pancreas; Genetic Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: -CORRECT ANSWER-Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction,
Dyspnea, Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? -CORRECT ANSWER-1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis -
high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
, Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? -CORRECT ANSWER-Elevation (increase)
of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? -CORRECT ANSWER-Depression
(decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? -CORRECT ANSWER-Depression
(decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? -CORRECT ANSWER-Elevation
(increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
What are signs of renal cancer? -CORRECT ANSWER-No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal disease? -CORRECT ANSWER-Dialysis, Fluid Restriction,
Low Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give
Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? -CORRECT ANSWER-Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine renal function? -CORRECT ANSWER-Creatinine
What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis? -CORRECT ANSWER-E. coli
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney failure? -CORRECT ANSWER-Hypovolemia - Give
Fluids
What causes acute intrarenal failure? -CORRECT ANSWER-Kidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal
Ischemia
ANSWERS|LATEST 2025|A+ GUARANTEED
What is allergic asthma associated with? -CORRECT ANSWER-Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE
mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? -CORRECT ANSWER-SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis
(aveoli close), Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung
Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? -CORRECT ANSWER-Pressure that builds up
and pushes the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected
lung
What is cystic fibrosis? -CORRECT ANSWER-Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and
pancreas; Genetic Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: -CORRECT ANSWER-Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction,
Dyspnea, Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? -CORRECT ANSWER-1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis -
high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
, Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? -CORRECT ANSWER-Elevation (increase)
of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? -CORRECT ANSWER-Depression
(decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? -CORRECT ANSWER-Depression
(decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? -CORRECT ANSWER-Elevation
(increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
What are signs of renal cancer? -CORRECT ANSWER-No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal disease? -CORRECT ANSWER-Dialysis, Fluid Restriction,
Low Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give
Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? -CORRECT ANSWER-Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine renal function? -CORRECT ANSWER-Creatinine
What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis? -CORRECT ANSWER-E. coli
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney failure? -CORRECT ANSWER-Hypovolemia - Give
Fluids
What causes acute intrarenal failure? -CORRECT ANSWER-Kidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal
Ischemia
