1|Page
ABFM HEALTH COUNSELING AND
PREVENTIVE CARE Questions and
Correct Answers/ Latest Update /
Already Graded
You are counseling a 45-year-old male with elevated LDL-
cholesterol. When discussing dietary changes to promote healthy
M
lipid levels, which one of the following would be accurate advice?
ED
He should minimize his consumption of nuts
ST
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet
recommended for reducing hypertension will help lower his LDL-
U
cholesterol level
D
Saturated fats should comprise 15% or less of his caloric intake
Y
He should aim for a fiber intake of 25 g daily
He should record what he has eaten in a food diary at the end of
each day
,2|Page
Ans: B
M
ED
ST
U
D
Y
,3|Page
In 2013, the American Heart Association (AHA) issued lifestyle
management guidelines designed to reduce cardiovascular risk. For adult
patients with elevated LDL-cholesterol levels the AHA advises following
diet plans such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)
diet, the AHA diet, or the USDA Food Pattern. The AHA specifically
recommends reducing the percentage of calories from saturated fat,
M
aiming for a goal of 6%-7% of calories from this source. The AHA also
recommends a diet that emphasizes the consumption of fruits,
ED
vegetables, and whole grains, and which includes fish, poultry, low-fat
dairy products, legumes, nontropical vegetable oils, and nuts.
ST
Consumption of red meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages
should be discouraged.Although dietary fiber has been shown to have
several beneficial health effects, the average daily intake for most
U
Americans is 15 g daily, which is much lower than the recommended
D
amount. The recommended daily fiber intake for males age 14-50 is 38 g
Y
daily. For other populations the recommended amount is lower, and
varies according to age and sex. Several randomized, controlled trials
have shown a reduction of LDL-cholesterol with higher fiber consumption.
A food diary is an important aspect of dietary behavior change but it is
most accurate if entries are made immediately after food is consumed.
, 4|Page
A 24-year-old female sees you for a preconception visit and removal
of her IUD. This will be her first pregnancy and she tells you that she
has smoked ¼-½ pack of cigarettes a day for the past 5 years.Which
one of the following would be appropriate advice regarding the risks
from smoking?
M
ED
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of attention-
deficit/hyperactivity disorder
ST
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of clubfoot
U
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital atrial
D
septal defects
Y
Stopping smoking now will reduce the increased risk of orofacial
defects in her infant
Reducing smoking now will reduce the risk of preterm delivery
ABFM HEALTH COUNSELING AND
PREVENTIVE CARE Questions and
Correct Answers/ Latest Update /
Already Graded
You are counseling a 45-year-old male with elevated LDL-
cholesterol. When discussing dietary changes to promote healthy
M
lipid levels, which one of the following would be accurate advice?
ED
He should minimize his consumption of nuts
ST
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet
recommended for reducing hypertension will help lower his LDL-
U
cholesterol level
D
Saturated fats should comprise 15% or less of his caloric intake
Y
He should aim for a fiber intake of 25 g daily
He should record what he has eaten in a food diary at the end of
each day
,2|Page
Ans: B
M
ED
ST
U
D
Y
,3|Page
In 2013, the American Heart Association (AHA) issued lifestyle
management guidelines designed to reduce cardiovascular risk. For adult
patients with elevated LDL-cholesterol levels the AHA advises following
diet plans such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)
diet, the AHA diet, or the USDA Food Pattern. The AHA specifically
recommends reducing the percentage of calories from saturated fat,
M
aiming for a goal of 6%-7% of calories from this source. The AHA also
recommends a diet that emphasizes the consumption of fruits,
ED
vegetables, and whole grains, and which includes fish, poultry, low-fat
dairy products, legumes, nontropical vegetable oils, and nuts.
ST
Consumption of red meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages
should be discouraged.Although dietary fiber has been shown to have
several beneficial health effects, the average daily intake for most
U
Americans is 15 g daily, which is much lower than the recommended
D
amount. The recommended daily fiber intake for males age 14-50 is 38 g
Y
daily. For other populations the recommended amount is lower, and
varies according to age and sex. Several randomized, controlled trials
have shown a reduction of LDL-cholesterol with higher fiber consumption.
A food diary is an important aspect of dietary behavior change but it is
most accurate if entries are made immediately after food is consumed.
, 4|Page
A 24-year-old female sees you for a preconception visit and removal
of her IUD. This will be her first pregnancy and she tells you that she
has smoked ¼-½ pack of cigarettes a day for the past 5 years.Which
one of the following would be appropriate advice regarding the risks
from smoking?
M
ED
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of attention-
deficit/hyperactivity disorder
ST
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of clubfoot
U
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital atrial
D
septal defects
Y
Stopping smoking now will reduce the increased risk of orofacial
defects in her infant
Reducing smoking now will reduce the risk of preterm delivery
