What is level I evidence for intervention/therapy/treatment questions?
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o Evidence includes meta-analysis of multiple controlled studies or
systematic review of RCTs with results that consistently support a specific
action, intervention or treatment
,· What is a pilot study?
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· A small study to test a new intervention with a small number of subjects
before testing with larger samples; adopting an innovation on a trial basis
how do quantitative and qualitative studies differ in terms of the generalizability of the
findings?
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quantitative- generalize to the whole population
qualitative- very small sample size, not able to genalize
· What is the difference between causal (Cause and effect) relationships and
associative relationships? When given two variables, identify whether the relationship
between the variables is causal or associative.
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o Cause-and-effect (causal) relationship (e.g., cigarette smoking and lung
cancer, caloric intake and gaining weight) cause probing studies
o Associative (functional) relationship (gender and life expectancy- men
have a shorter life expectancy but we cannot say that gender effects life
expectancy)
, What are the major steps in undertaking an EBP effort for individual nurses? For
applying the EBP process at the organization level, Melnyk (2009) added two more
steps. What are those steps?
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· 1. Ask; clinical questions that can be answered with research evidence
· 2. Acquires; searching for and retrieving relevant evidence
· 3. Appraise; and synthesize the evidence
· 4. Apply; integrating the evidence with your own clinical expertise, patient
preferences, and local context
· Assess; the effectiveness of the decision, intervention, or advise
· Step Zero: Cultivate a spirit of inquiry
· Step 6: Disseminate EBP results
how do quantitative and qualitative studies differ in terms of the ability to capture the
full breadth of human experience?
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advantage of qualitative
What does a confounding variable mean? When given a clinical research scenario,
identify the confounding variable
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o Evidence includes meta-analysis of multiple controlled studies or
systematic review of RCTs with results that consistently support a specific
action, intervention or treatment
,· What is a pilot study?
Give this one a try later!
· A small study to test a new intervention with a small number of subjects
before testing with larger samples; adopting an innovation on a trial basis
how do quantitative and qualitative studies differ in terms of the generalizability of the
findings?
Give this one a try later!
quantitative- generalize to the whole population
qualitative- very small sample size, not able to genalize
· What is the difference between causal (Cause and effect) relationships and
associative relationships? When given two variables, identify whether the relationship
between the variables is causal or associative.
Give this one a try later!
o Cause-and-effect (causal) relationship (e.g., cigarette smoking and lung
cancer, caloric intake and gaining weight) cause probing studies
o Associative (functional) relationship (gender and life expectancy- men
have a shorter life expectancy but we cannot say that gender effects life
expectancy)
, What are the major steps in undertaking an EBP effort for individual nurses? For
applying the EBP process at the organization level, Melnyk (2009) added two more
steps. What are those steps?
Give this one a try later!
· 1. Ask; clinical questions that can be answered with research evidence
· 2. Acquires; searching for and retrieving relevant evidence
· 3. Appraise; and synthesize the evidence
· 4. Apply; integrating the evidence with your own clinical expertise, patient
preferences, and local context
· Assess; the effectiveness of the decision, intervention, or advise
· Step Zero: Cultivate a spirit of inquiry
· Step 6: Disseminate EBP results
how do quantitative and qualitative studies differ in terms of the ability to capture the
full breadth of human experience?
Give this one a try later!
advantage of qualitative
What does a confounding variable mean? When given a clinical research scenario,
identify the confounding variable
Give this one a try later!
