BSC 2010 EXAM 4 WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
Where does replication occur? - Answer- Replication forks
What is needed for replication? - Answer- - Enzymes
- Two template chains
- Nucleotides
What is the most important enzyme in replication? - Answer- DNA polymerase
What are chromosomes? - Answer- Compact DNA that is wrapped around associated
proteins
Why do dominant alleles affect phenotype? - Answer- - Recessive genes are mutations
and have a harder time or don't produce the proteins that show expression
What is incomplete dominance? - Answer- - Appears like blending inheritance
- It has less functional proteins, it is a problem of dosage
What is co-dominance? - Answer- - Two alleles affect the phenotypic expression of
proteins
What is an example of co-dominance - Answer- The oligosaccharides in our blood
What is the theory of polygenic inheritance? - Answer- - Alleles arise from different
mutations
- Some phenotypes are attained through more than one gene
- Dominant phenotypes aren't necessarily the most common
What organism was used in Thomas Morgan's experiments? - Answer- Drosophila
melanogaster
What is a phenotype defined by? - Answer- Genotype and the environment
How many genes can one chromosome contain? - Answer- 100s to 1000s
One line is a ____ - Answer- Chromatid
Two lines are ____ - Answer- Sister Chromatids
, The amount of chromatids during mitosis is the same as the amount of ______ -
Answer- Chromosomes
The DNAs of the sister chromatids are ____ - Answer- identical
How many sister chromatids does one replicated chromosome have? - Answer- 2
How can the sister chromatids be joined together? - Answer- At the centromere
To what ends are the nucleotides added to? - Answer- 3' end
DNA replication requires a pre-existing chain to be carried out successfully (T/F) -
Answer- True
If the chains are anti-parallel how should the synthesis be? - Answer- In opposite
directions
Where do cells come from? - Answer- Cells come from other cells through cell division
Do all cells always divide? - Answer- No, some cells only divide during growth periods
Why do cells divide? - Answer- 1) Grow
2) Development
3) Repair
4) Regeneration
5) Reproduction -> only reason single-celled organisms divide
Cell division in Prokaryotes - Answer- - All are single-celled
- One chromosome
- Circular DNA
- Copied through replication
Prokaryotes divide through ________ - Answer- Binary fission
Mitosis and Meiosis are not the same as _____ - Answer- Binary fission
Binary fission consists of - Answer- Replicating the DNA and then extending the cell
until it breaks and two cells are formed
Can eukaryotic cells divide through binary fission? - Answer- No, they are more
complicated and have more than one chromosome and membrane bound organelles
that need to be separated equally across the two new cells.
How do organelles divide? - Answer- 1) membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria
and chloroplasts divide on their own through a specific division process.
CORRECT ANSWERS
Where does replication occur? - Answer- Replication forks
What is needed for replication? - Answer- - Enzymes
- Two template chains
- Nucleotides
What is the most important enzyme in replication? - Answer- DNA polymerase
What are chromosomes? - Answer- Compact DNA that is wrapped around associated
proteins
Why do dominant alleles affect phenotype? - Answer- - Recessive genes are mutations
and have a harder time or don't produce the proteins that show expression
What is incomplete dominance? - Answer- - Appears like blending inheritance
- It has less functional proteins, it is a problem of dosage
What is co-dominance? - Answer- - Two alleles affect the phenotypic expression of
proteins
What is an example of co-dominance - Answer- The oligosaccharides in our blood
What is the theory of polygenic inheritance? - Answer- - Alleles arise from different
mutations
- Some phenotypes are attained through more than one gene
- Dominant phenotypes aren't necessarily the most common
What organism was used in Thomas Morgan's experiments? - Answer- Drosophila
melanogaster
What is a phenotype defined by? - Answer- Genotype and the environment
How many genes can one chromosome contain? - Answer- 100s to 1000s
One line is a ____ - Answer- Chromatid
Two lines are ____ - Answer- Sister Chromatids
, The amount of chromatids during mitosis is the same as the amount of ______ -
Answer- Chromosomes
The DNAs of the sister chromatids are ____ - Answer- identical
How many sister chromatids does one replicated chromosome have? - Answer- 2
How can the sister chromatids be joined together? - Answer- At the centromere
To what ends are the nucleotides added to? - Answer- 3' end
DNA replication requires a pre-existing chain to be carried out successfully (T/F) -
Answer- True
If the chains are anti-parallel how should the synthesis be? - Answer- In opposite
directions
Where do cells come from? - Answer- Cells come from other cells through cell division
Do all cells always divide? - Answer- No, some cells only divide during growth periods
Why do cells divide? - Answer- 1) Grow
2) Development
3) Repair
4) Regeneration
5) Reproduction -> only reason single-celled organisms divide
Cell division in Prokaryotes - Answer- - All are single-celled
- One chromosome
- Circular DNA
- Copied through replication
Prokaryotes divide through ________ - Answer- Binary fission
Mitosis and Meiosis are not the same as _____ - Answer- Binary fission
Binary fission consists of - Answer- Replicating the DNA and then extending the cell
until it breaks and two cells are formed
Can eukaryotic cells divide through binary fission? - Answer- No, they are more
complicated and have more than one chromosome and membrane bound organelles
that need to be separated equally across the two new cells.
How do organelles divide? - Answer- 1) membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria
and chloroplasts divide on their own through a specific division process.
