NURSA 1105 FINAL EXAM
SPRING 2
1. The primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
A. Establish patient-centered care
B. Organize the physician’s orders
C. Replace medical diagnosis
D. Record legal documentation
Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process provides a systematic, patient-centered approach to
deliver individualized and effective nursing care.
2. Which step of the nursing process involves identifying patient problems?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis step interprets assessment data to identify actual or
potential health problems.
3. The nurse washes hands before and after patient contact. This practice primarily
prevents:
A. Cross-contamination
B. Allergic reactions
C. Chemical irritation
D. Hand dryness
Answer: A
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the most effective measure for preventing hospital-
acquired infections and cross-contamination.
,4. A nurse uses a two-identifier check before administering medications. This
ensures:
A. Medication safety
B. Time efficiency
C. Cost control
D. Delegation accuracy
Answer: A
Rationale: Using two identifiers (e.g., name and date of birth) prevents medication
errors and confirms patient identity.
5. Which of the following best describes aseptic technique?
A. Preventing spread of microorganisms
B. Eliminating all microorganisms
C. Using only sterile gloves
D. Disinfecting the room after use
Answer: A
Rationale: Aseptic technique minimizes the risk of introducing pathogens into sterile
areas during clinical procedures.
6. The nurse identifies a pressure injury on the sacrum. Which is the most
appropriate intervention?
A. Massage the reddened area
B. Reposition the patient every 2 hours
C. Apply cold compresses
D. Keep the patient in one position
Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent repositioning reduces pressure and promotes circulation,
preventing further skin breakdown.
7. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
A. Patient states, “I feel dizzy.”
B. Pulse 90 bpm
C. Temperature 99.8°F
D. Oxygen saturation 95%
Answer: A
Rationale: Subjective data are based on what the patient reports, not what the nurse
observes.
8. A nurse is caring for a patient with dyspnea. The nurse should position the patient:
, A. Supine
B. Fowler’s
C. Sims’
D. Prone
Answer: B
Rationale: The Fowler’s position (45–60°) promotes lung expansion and improves
breathing for patients with dyspnea.
9. When documenting, which of the following entries is most appropriate?
A. “Patient appears angry.”
B. “Patient yelling, face flushed, clenched fists.”
C. “Patient rude.”
D. “Patient uncooperative.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Documentation should be objective and describe observable behaviors,
not subjective opinions.
10. The nurse’s primary legal responsibility when providing care is:
A. Following physician orders exactly
B. Acting as the patient’s advocate
C. Ensuring hospital profitability
D. Delegating tasks to aides
Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses are ethically and legally responsible for advocating for patients’
rights and safety11. Which of the following is an example of therapeutic
communication?
A. “Don’t worry, everything will be fine.”
B. “Why didn’t you follow the doctor’s advice?”
C. “Tell me more about what you’re feeling.”
D. “You should calm down now.”
Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the patient to express feelings promotes open
communication and understanding.
12. When teaching a patient about a new medication, the nurse should first:
A. Review potential side effects
B. Determine the patient’s learning needs
C. Provide written instructions
SPRING 2
1. The primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
A. Establish patient-centered care
B. Organize the physician’s orders
C. Replace medical diagnosis
D. Record legal documentation
Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process provides a systematic, patient-centered approach to
deliver individualized and effective nursing care.
2. Which step of the nursing process involves identifying patient problems?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis step interprets assessment data to identify actual or
potential health problems.
3. The nurse washes hands before and after patient contact. This practice primarily
prevents:
A. Cross-contamination
B. Allergic reactions
C. Chemical irritation
D. Hand dryness
Answer: A
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the most effective measure for preventing hospital-
acquired infections and cross-contamination.
,4. A nurse uses a two-identifier check before administering medications. This
ensures:
A. Medication safety
B. Time efficiency
C. Cost control
D. Delegation accuracy
Answer: A
Rationale: Using two identifiers (e.g., name and date of birth) prevents medication
errors and confirms patient identity.
5. Which of the following best describes aseptic technique?
A. Preventing spread of microorganisms
B. Eliminating all microorganisms
C. Using only sterile gloves
D. Disinfecting the room after use
Answer: A
Rationale: Aseptic technique minimizes the risk of introducing pathogens into sterile
areas during clinical procedures.
6. The nurse identifies a pressure injury on the sacrum. Which is the most
appropriate intervention?
A. Massage the reddened area
B. Reposition the patient every 2 hours
C. Apply cold compresses
D. Keep the patient in one position
Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent repositioning reduces pressure and promotes circulation,
preventing further skin breakdown.
7. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
A. Patient states, “I feel dizzy.”
B. Pulse 90 bpm
C. Temperature 99.8°F
D. Oxygen saturation 95%
Answer: A
Rationale: Subjective data are based on what the patient reports, not what the nurse
observes.
8. A nurse is caring for a patient with dyspnea. The nurse should position the patient:
, A. Supine
B. Fowler’s
C. Sims’
D. Prone
Answer: B
Rationale: The Fowler’s position (45–60°) promotes lung expansion and improves
breathing for patients with dyspnea.
9. When documenting, which of the following entries is most appropriate?
A. “Patient appears angry.”
B. “Patient yelling, face flushed, clenched fists.”
C. “Patient rude.”
D. “Patient uncooperative.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Documentation should be objective and describe observable behaviors,
not subjective opinions.
10. The nurse’s primary legal responsibility when providing care is:
A. Following physician orders exactly
B. Acting as the patient’s advocate
C. Ensuring hospital profitability
D. Delegating tasks to aides
Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses are ethically and legally responsible for advocating for patients’
rights and safety11. Which of the following is an example of therapeutic
communication?
A. “Don’t worry, everything will be fine.”
B. “Why didn’t you follow the doctor’s advice?”
C. “Tell me more about what you’re feeling.”
D. “You should calm down now.”
Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the patient to express feelings promotes open
communication and understanding.
12. When teaching a patient about a new medication, the nurse should first:
A. Review potential side effects
B. Determine the patient’s learning needs
C. Provide written instructions
