Nur 305 Exam 2
Period of intuitive nursing - answer this type of nursing was practiced since prehistoric
times among primitive tribes and lasted through the early Christian era; nursing was
untaught and was performed out of compassion for others--out of a wish to help others
beliefs and practices of prehistoric man - answer-man was nomadic
-nursing was a function for women only
-believed illness was caused by evil spirits (black magic)
-utilized medicine man
Babylon- The Code of Hammurabi - answerthis was the first set of laws; provided laws
that covered medical practice and established fees, discouraged experimentation,
recommended specific doctors for each disease, gave the patient the right to choose
between the use of charms, medications or surgical procedures to curse disease (there
was no mention of nurses or nursing practice)
Egypt - answer introduced art of embalming which enhanced their knowledge of human
anatomy; they developed the ability to make keen observations and left a record of 250
recognized diseases; they assembled a pharmacopeia with more than 700 remedies
**1st drug book~1st time there was a written acct
Israel- Moses - answer____is recognized as the "Father of Sanitation"- he wrote 5
books of the Old Testament which:
-emphasized the practice of charity
-promulagted laws of control on the spread of communicable disease and hte ritua of
circumcision on the male child **Laid out specific laws to stop communicable diseases-
clean vs unclean
-referred to nurses as midwives, wet nurses or child's nurses whose acts were
compassionate and an outpouring of maternal instincts
Rome-1st time nursing is seen; Deaconesses - answerbelieved in mythological figures
that were responsible of health and healing; the first organized visiting of the sick began
with the establishment of the order of the ________-the endeavored to practice the
corporal works of mercy (feed, water, clothe, shelter, care for sick, visit imprisoned, bury
the dead); Fabiola gave her the wealth to build first public hospital here
China - answerused massage, hydrotherapy, and exercise as preventive health
measures; they also used many herbs, minerals and acupuncture to heal the sick
**CAM-many of these are still used today
, Greece; "Father of Medicine" - answerintroduced the caduceus, the insignia of the
medical profession today; Hippocrates became to be known as the "_________";
Parabolani: first male nurse, cared for sick and buried the dead *at great risk for
contagious diseases
Dark Ages - answerFall of the Roman Empire-medical knowledge survived through the
efforts of the Jewish physicians; establishment of School of Medicine in Salerno; trained
to assist in childbirth; Trotula-1st midwife and writer of 1st nursing textbook on diseases
in women **nursing is slowly developing here
Rise of Christianity; Phoebe - answerEstablishment of deaconess; nuns were big on
visiting the sick; convents; ______: first deaconess of the new Christian church--
referred to as the 1st visiting nurse
The Crusades; staffed by men - answer-this involved a holy war between the Turks and
the pilgrims trying to recapture the Holy Land. Military religious orders established
hospitals that were _________
-Apprenticeship: on the job training--no formal education "diploma nurse"
-Religious orders of Christian church were responsible for the development of this type
of nursing
The Dark Period of Nursing (17th-19th century) - answer-Martin Luther
-Nursing became the work of the least desirable women--took bribes from pt's, stole pt's
food, used alcohol as tranquilizer, worked 7 days a week, slept in a cubbyhole and ate
scraps of food
Reform During the Dark Ages - answer-Requirements for nursing training:
1) Character reference from clergyman
2) Certificate of health from physician
3) Permission from their nearest relative (usually a man)
**only reserved for women
Period of Educated Nursing; - answerThis period began on June 15, 1860 when the
Florence Nightingale School of Nursing opened at St. Thomas in London; the
development of nursing during this time was influenced by:
1) Trends resulting from ____
2) An arousal of social consciousness
3) The emancipation of ____
4) Increased___ of women
Images of Nursing Through the Decades/Centuries - answer-Angel of mercy
-Handmaiden (doctors were very controlling)
-Battle-ax : Sairy Gamp, Nurse Ratched
-Naughty nurse: girls became nurses to catch a rich doctor as a husband
-Military battlefield caregiver
-Florence Nightingale
Period of intuitive nursing - answer this type of nursing was practiced since prehistoric
times among primitive tribes and lasted through the early Christian era; nursing was
untaught and was performed out of compassion for others--out of a wish to help others
beliefs and practices of prehistoric man - answer-man was nomadic
-nursing was a function for women only
-believed illness was caused by evil spirits (black magic)
-utilized medicine man
Babylon- The Code of Hammurabi - answerthis was the first set of laws; provided laws
that covered medical practice and established fees, discouraged experimentation,
recommended specific doctors for each disease, gave the patient the right to choose
between the use of charms, medications or surgical procedures to curse disease (there
was no mention of nurses or nursing practice)
Egypt - answer introduced art of embalming which enhanced their knowledge of human
anatomy; they developed the ability to make keen observations and left a record of 250
recognized diseases; they assembled a pharmacopeia with more than 700 remedies
**1st drug book~1st time there was a written acct
Israel- Moses - answer____is recognized as the "Father of Sanitation"- he wrote 5
books of the Old Testament which:
-emphasized the practice of charity
-promulagted laws of control on the spread of communicable disease and hte ritua of
circumcision on the male child **Laid out specific laws to stop communicable diseases-
clean vs unclean
-referred to nurses as midwives, wet nurses or child's nurses whose acts were
compassionate and an outpouring of maternal instincts
Rome-1st time nursing is seen; Deaconesses - answerbelieved in mythological figures
that were responsible of health and healing; the first organized visiting of the sick began
with the establishment of the order of the ________-the endeavored to practice the
corporal works of mercy (feed, water, clothe, shelter, care for sick, visit imprisoned, bury
the dead); Fabiola gave her the wealth to build first public hospital here
China - answerused massage, hydrotherapy, and exercise as preventive health
measures; they also used many herbs, minerals and acupuncture to heal the sick
**CAM-many of these are still used today
, Greece; "Father of Medicine" - answerintroduced the caduceus, the insignia of the
medical profession today; Hippocrates became to be known as the "_________";
Parabolani: first male nurse, cared for sick and buried the dead *at great risk for
contagious diseases
Dark Ages - answerFall of the Roman Empire-medical knowledge survived through the
efforts of the Jewish physicians; establishment of School of Medicine in Salerno; trained
to assist in childbirth; Trotula-1st midwife and writer of 1st nursing textbook on diseases
in women **nursing is slowly developing here
Rise of Christianity; Phoebe - answerEstablishment of deaconess; nuns were big on
visiting the sick; convents; ______: first deaconess of the new Christian church--
referred to as the 1st visiting nurse
The Crusades; staffed by men - answer-this involved a holy war between the Turks and
the pilgrims trying to recapture the Holy Land. Military religious orders established
hospitals that were _________
-Apprenticeship: on the job training--no formal education "diploma nurse"
-Religious orders of Christian church were responsible for the development of this type
of nursing
The Dark Period of Nursing (17th-19th century) - answer-Martin Luther
-Nursing became the work of the least desirable women--took bribes from pt's, stole pt's
food, used alcohol as tranquilizer, worked 7 days a week, slept in a cubbyhole and ate
scraps of food
Reform During the Dark Ages - answer-Requirements for nursing training:
1) Character reference from clergyman
2) Certificate of health from physician
3) Permission from their nearest relative (usually a man)
**only reserved for women
Period of Educated Nursing; - answerThis period began on June 15, 1860 when the
Florence Nightingale School of Nursing opened at St. Thomas in London; the
development of nursing during this time was influenced by:
1) Trends resulting from ____
2) An arousal of social consciousness
3) The emancipation of ____
4) Increased___ of women
Images of Nursing Through the Decades/Centuries - answer-Angel of mercy
-Handmaiden (doctors were very controlling)
-Battle-ax : Sairy Gamp, Nurse Ratched
-Naughty nurse: girls became nurses to catch a rich doctor as a husband
-Military battlefield caregiver
-Florence Nightingale
