MICR4053 Pathogenic Microbiology Final Exam ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
with verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Intracellular pathogen - correct answer✔✔Listeria is a facultative intracellular pathogen. This ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ability to grow inside a cell allows it to hide from antibody-mediated clearance and many
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
defense mechanisms ||\\//||
Listeria virulence factors - correct answer✔✔internalin ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ActA
listeriolysin O ||\\//||
phospholipase C ||\\//||
Internalin - correct answer✔✔Surface associated protein, required for uptake of cells (allows ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
for intracellular capabilities)
||\\//|| ||\\//||
ActA - correct answer✔✔Surface protein that rearranges actin and propels Listeria into
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
adjacent cells. ||\\//||
Listeriolysin O - correct answer✔✔Hemolysin, pore-forming toxin. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Lyse endosome in order to escape from an endosome (valcuole after uptake into cell)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Phospholipase C - correct answer✔✔Involved in escape from endosome in Listeria ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What type of immunity is not effective against L. monocytogenes and why not? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Humoral immunity (antibody mediated) is not effective because L. monocytogenes ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
is intracellular and hides inside host cells.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,How does someone get listeriosis? - correct answer✔✔Associated with consumption of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
undercooked processed meat. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Unpasteurized or contaminated milk/cheese ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Unwashed raw veggies ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Smoked seafood ||\\//||
What are the symptoms of listeriosis? - correct answer✔✔Fever
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Muscle aches ||\\//||
Diarrhea
Headache
Stiff neck ||\\//||
Confusion
Loss of balance
||\\//|| ||\\//||
Convulsions
Why is Listeria particularly bad for pregnant women? - correct answer✔✔Increased risk of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Miscarriages
||\\//||
- Neonatal death
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Premature deliveries
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Neonates had an impaired defense
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Where is Listeria normally found and how do humans get infected? - correct answer✔✔-
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Found in soil, water, and vegetation, as well as a variety of animals/humans
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, - Disease is associated with consumption of contaminated food products (cont. milk and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
cheese, processed meats, raw veggies) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Can be transplacentally spread from mother to neonate
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What infection results if Listeria disseminates? - correct answer✔✔Meningitis is the most
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
common form of disseminated Listeria infection in adults. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What causes diphtheria? - correct answer✔✔C. diphtheria
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Diphtheria toxin is what kind of toxin? How was it transferred to C. diphtheria? - correct ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔A-B exotoxin, it inhibits protein synthesis. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Introduced into strains of C. diphtheria by a lysogenic bacteriophage, B-phage. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the two stages of processing that occurs for the toxin from diphtheria? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔1) Proteolytic cleavage of the leader sequence form the Tox protein during ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
secretion from the bacterial cell. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2) Cleavage of the toxin molecules into two polypeptides ( A and B) that remain attached by
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
a disulfide bond.
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Toxin is an example of A-B exotoxin.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What does the diphtheria toxin do the cell? - correct answer✔✔It stops protein synthesis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and kills the cell. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Respiratory diphtheria - correct answer✔✔2-4 day incubation. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
with verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Intracellular pathogen - correct answer✔✔Listeria is a facultative intracellular pathogen. This ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ability to grow inside a cell allows it to hide from antibody-mediated clearance and many
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
defense mechanisms ||\\//||
Listeria virulence factors - correct answer✔✔internalin ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ActA
listeriolysin O ||\\//||
phospholipase C ||\\//||
Internalin - correct answer✔✔Surface associated protein, required for uptake of cells (allows ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
for intracellular capabilities)
||\\//|| ||\\//||
ActA - correct answer✔✔Surface protein that rearranges actin and propels Listeria into
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
adjacent cells. ||\\//||
Listeriolysin O - correct answer✔✔Hemolysin, pore-forming toxin. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Lyse endosome in order to escape from an endosome (valcuole after uptake into cell)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Phospholipase C - correct answer✔✔Involved in escape from endosome in Listeria ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What type of immunity is not effective against L. monocytogenes and why not? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Humoral immunity (antibody mediated) is not effective because L. monocytogenes ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
is intracellular and hides inside host cells.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,How does someone get listeriosis? - correct answer✔✔Associated with consumption of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
undercooked processed meat. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Unpasteurized or contaminated milk/cheese ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Unwashed raw veggies ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Smoked seafood ||\\//||
What are the symptoms of listeriosis? - correct answer✔✔Fever
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Muscle aches ||\\//||
Diarrhea
Headache
Stiff neck ||\\//||
Confusion
Loss of balance
||\\//|| ||\\//||
Convulsions
Why is Listeria particularly bad for pregnant women? - correct answer✔✔Increased risk of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Miscarriages
||\\//||
- Neonatal death
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Premature deliveries
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Neonates had an impaired defense
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Where is Listeria normally found and how do humans get infected? - correct answer✔✔-
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Found in soil, water, and vegetation, as well as a variety of animals/humans
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, - Disease is associated with consumption of contaminated food products (cont. milk and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
cheese, processed meats, raw veggies) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Can be transplacentally spread from mother to neonate
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What infection results if Listeria disseminates? - correct answer✔✔Meningitis is the most
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
common form of disseminated Listeria infection in adults. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What causes diphtheria? - correct answer✔✔C. diphtheria
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Diphtheria toxin is what kind of toxin? How was it transferred to C. diphtheria? - correct ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔A-B exotoxin, it inhibits protein synthesis. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Introduced into strains of C. diphtheria by a lysogenic bacteriophage, B-phage. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the two stages of processing that occurs for the toxin from diphtheria? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔1) Proteolytic cleavage of the leader sequence form the Tox protein during ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
secretion from the bacterial cell. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2) Cleavage of the toxin molecules into two polypeptides ( A and B) that remain attached by
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
a disulfide bond.
||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Toxin is an example of A-B exotoxin.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What does the diphtheria toxin do the cell? - correct answer✔✔It stops protein synthesis
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and kills the cell. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Respiratory diphtheria - correct answer✔✔2-4 day incubation. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
