CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS|LATEST
Anemia - ANSWER Reduction in rbc ans hgb. Occurs when insult is severe
enough to exceed the reserves
Causes of anemia - ANSWER Acute blood loss
Chronic blood loss
Reduced RBC production
Premature destruction
Acute rhinosinusitis - ANSWER Inflammation of mucosal passages lasting greater
then 4 weeks
Most common pathogen in ABRS, CAP and AOM? - ANSWER S. Pneumo
H. influenza
M. Catarrahalis
What are the risk for DRSP in ABRS? - ANSWER Age less then 2 or greater then
65
Daycare
Prior abx in 1 month
Prior hospitalization in 5 days
Comorbidities
Immune compromised
First line empiric therapy for ABRS? - ANSWER Augmentin 500/125 BID
1
,Secondary
doxycycline 200mg Po daily or 2000mg augmentin BID
What is the empiric treatment for ABRS for patient with PCN allergy? -
ANSWER Doxycycline or levofloxacin or moxifloxacin only use fluoroquinolones if
DRSP is suspected. Avoid doxycycline in pregnancy and QT prolongation plus tendon
rupture risk with FQ
Which medication are CYP450 3A4 inhibitors? - ANSWER Macrolides except
Azithromycin
Erythromycin and Clarithromycin
Causes substrate level to increase and cause toxicity
Which medication is cyp450 inducer? - ANSWER St. John's wart
Reduced drug levels and makes medication ineffective
Ex. Warfarin and St. John's wart reduces warfarin levels
What is conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER Local hearing loss caused by
earwax, foreign object or ruptured ear drum, ear infection.
Weber test sound lateralize to affected ear
Rinne test negative resulting in bone conduction better then air conduction
sensorineural hearing loss - ANSWER hearing loss caused by damage to the
cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves.
allergic rhinitis and treatment? - ANSWER an allergic reaction to airborne
allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus.
Avoid allergen
2
,1st line therapy = intranasal corticosteroids such as Fluticasone and adjunctively LTM
can be added such as singulair
Reliever therapy = second Generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) or
cetrizine (Zyrtec)
Syphilitic chancre - ANSWER Mostly occurs in anogential area and goes away in
3 weeks
Apathaous stomatitis - ANSWER Also known as canker sore... very tender and
painful
Cranial nerves mnemonic? - ANSWER Oh oh oh towering tops A Finn and
German viewed some Hops!
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Virgin Girls' Vaginas and Hymens.
Olfactory = smell
Optic = vision
Oculomotor = eyelid and eye ball movement
Trochlear = eye movement in and out
Trigeminal = chewing, face and mouth, touch and pain
Abducens = look side to side
Facial = controls most facial expressions secretions of tears saliva and taste 2/3 of
tongue taste
Acoustic = hearing and equilibrium
Gossopharyngeal = taste and senses carotid BP
Vagus = slowed heart rate,
Spinal accessor = shoulder shrug
3
, Hypoglossal = move tongue
Triad of opthamalogic emergency? - ANSWER Redness, pain, vision changes of
eye
macular degeneration? - ANSWER Central vision loss
open angle glaucoma - ANSWER Peripheral vision loss
Floating spots in visual field - ANSWER Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Which test is used to evaluate the anterior eye structure including cornea,
conjunctiva, sclera and iris? - ANSWER Slit- lamp examination
General visual acuity screen test? - ANSWER Snellen chart
Early detection of macular degeneration? - ANSWER Amsler grid test....
remember the wavy lines and dot as hole on graph paper
Which equipment is used to measure the IOP in glaucoma screening test? -
ANSWER Tonometry
What is angle closure glaucoma? - ANSWER Increase IOP... opthalmic
emergency... increase redness, pain and vision change... halos around lights
What is Anosmia? - ANSWER Loss of smell or taste... accelerated by tobacco
use.
4
Anemia - ANSWER Reduction in rbc ans hgb. Occurs when insult is severe
enough to exceed the reserves
Causes of anemia - ANSWER Acute blood loss
Chronic blood loss
Reduced RBC production
Premature destruction
Acute rhinosinusitis - ANSWER Inflammation of mucosal passages lasting greater
then 4 weeks
Most common pathogen in ABRS, CAP and AOM? - ANSWER S. Pneumo
H. influenza
M. Catarrahalis
What are the risk for DRSP in ABRS? - ANSWER Age less then 2 or greater then
65
Daycare
Prior abx in 1 month
Prior hospitalization in 5 days
Comorbidities
Immune compromised
First line empiric therapy for ABRS? - ANSWER Augmentin 500/125 BID
1
,Secondary
doxycycline 200mg Po daily or 2000mg augmentin BID
What is the empiric treatment for ABRS for patient with PCN allergy? -
ANSWER Doxycycline or levofloxacin or moxifloxacin only use fluoroquinolones if
DRSP is suspected. Avoid doxycycline in pregnancy and QT prolongation plus tendon
rupture risk with FQ
Which medication are CYP450 3A4 inhibitors? - ANSWER Macrolides except
Azithromycin
Erythromycin and Clarithromycin
Causes substrate level to increase and cause toxicity
Which medication is cyp450 inducer? - ANSWER St. John's wart
Reduced drug levels and makes medication ineffective
Ex. Warfarin and St. John's wart reduces warfarin levels
What is conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER Local hearing loss caused by
earwax, foreign object or ruptured ear drum, ear infection.
Weber test sound lateralize to affected ear
Rinne test negative resulting in bone conduction better then air conduction
sensorineural hearing loss - ANSWER hearing loss caused by damage to the
cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves.
allergic rhinitis and treatment? - ANSWER an allergic reaction to airborne
allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus.
Avoid allergen
2
,1st line therapy = intranasal corticosteroids such as Fluticasone and adjunctively LTM
can be added such as singulair
Reliever therapy = second Generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) or
cetrizine (Zyrtec)
Syphilitic chancre - ANSWER Mostly occurs in anogential area and goes away in
3 weeks
Apathaous stomatitis - ANSWER Also known as canker sore... very tender and
painful
Cranial nerves mnemonic? - ANSWER Oh oh oh towering tops A Finn and
German viewed some Hops!
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Virgin Girls' Vaginas and Hymens.
Olfactory = smell
Optic = vision
Oculomotor = eyelid and eye ball movement
Trochlear = eye movement in and out
Trigeminal = chewing, face and mouth, touch and pain
Abducens = look side to side
Facial = controls most facial expressions secretions of tears saliva and taste 2/3 of
tongue taste
Acoustic = hearing and equilibrium
Gossopharyngeal = taste and senses carotid BP
Vagus = slowed heart rate,
Spinal accessor = shoulder shrug
3
, Hypoglossal = move tongue
Triad of opthamalogic emergency? - ANSWER Redness, pain, vision changes of
eye
macular degeneration? - ANSWER Central vision loss
open angle glaucoma - ANSWER Peripheral vision loss
Floating spots in visual field - ANSWER Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Which test is used to evaluate the anterior eye structure including cornea,
conjunctiva, sclera and iris? - ANSWER Slit- lamp examination
General visual acuity screen test? - ANSWER Snellen chart
Early detection of macular degeneration? - ANSWER Amsler grid test....
remember the wavy lines and dot as hole on graph paper
Which equipment is used to measure the IOP in glaucoma screening test? -
ANSWER Tonometry
What is angle closure glaucoma? - ANSWER Increase IOP... opthalmic
emergency... increase redness, pain and vision change... halos around lights
What is Anosmia? - ANSWER Loss of smell or taste... accelerated by tobacco
use.
4
