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1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of cognitive-
behavioral therapy (CBT)?
A. To change maladaptive thoughts and behaviors
B. To uncover unconscious conflicts
C. To explore childhood memories
D. To strengthen the therapeutic alliance
CBT focuses on identifying and modifying dysfunctional thoughts and
behaviors that contribute to psychological distress.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, the primary task
of adolescence is:
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Adolescents work to develop a coherent sense of self and personal identity.
3. The DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder require:
A. At least 2 weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure
B. Functional impairment in daily life
C. Symptoms not better explained by another disorder
D. All of the above
Diagnosis requires a combination of symptom duration, functional
impairment, and exclusion of other causes.
,4. Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with Parkinson’s
disease?
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. Norepinephrine
D. Acetylcholine
Parkinson’s disease involves degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons
in the substantia nigra.
5. In a classical conditioning paradigm, the unconditioned stimulus (US) is:
A. A learned response
B. A stimulus that naturally elicits a response
C. A previously neutral stimulus
D. A conditioned response
The US naturally produces a reflexive reaction without prior learning.
6. The concept of “object permanence” is most closely associated with which
stage in Piaget’s theory?
A. Preoperational
B. Sensorimotor
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational
Infants develop object permanence in the sensorimotor stage,
understanding that objects continue to exist even when unseen.
7. Which of the following is a common symptom of generalized anxiety
disorder (GAD)?
A. Hallucinations
B. Excessive worry about multiple domains
C. Mania
D. Delusions
GAD is characterized by persistent, excessive worry over various aspects of
life.
, 8. In research, a Type I error occurs when:
A. A true null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected
B. A false null hypothesis is not rejected
C. Results are not statistically significant
D. Sample size is too small
Type I error is a false positive—concluding there is an effect when there isn’t
one.
9. Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of
grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy?
A. Borderline
B. Histrionic
C. Narcissistic
D. Antisocial
These traits define Narcissistic Personality Disorder according to DSM-5.
10.Which type of reliability measures the consistency of a test over time?
A. Internal consistency
B. Test-retest reliability
C. Inter-rater reliability
D. Construct reliability
Test-retest reliability evaluates whether a measure yields consistent results
when administered at different points in time.
11.The main ethical principle guiding psychologists to avoid harm is:
A. Justice
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Beneficence
D. Fidelity
Nonmaleficence obligates psychologists to avoid causing physical or
psychological harm.
12.Which of the following is an example of a projective test?
A. WAIS-IV
B. Rorschach Inkblot Test