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ANP 652 Final Study Guide EXAM
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
Verified | Updated (Actual Exam)
Characteristics and Symptoms of Dementia - (answers)Cognitive: mental decline,
confusion in the evening hours, disorientation, inability to speak or understand
language, making things up, mental confusion, or inability to recognize common
things
Behavioral: irritability, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or
wandering and getting lost
Mood: anxiety, loneliness, mood swings, or nervousness
Psychological: depression, hallucination, or paranoia
Muscular: inability to combine muscle movements or unsteady walking
Also common: memory loss, falling, jumbled speech, or sleep disorder
Pathophysiology of Dementia - (answers)Dementia is caused by damage to or loss
of nerve cells and their connections in the brain. Depending on the area of the
brain that's damaged, dementia can affect people differently and cause different
symptoms.
Dementias are often grouped by what they have in common, such as the protein
or proteins deposited in the brain or the part of the brain that's affected. Some
diseases look like dementias, such as those caused by a reaction to medications or
vitamin deficiencies, and they might improve with treatment.
What is a focal seizure? - (answers)Occurs in one part of the brain, child will
remain conscious, may verbalize during the seizure
, 2
Triad of Parkinson's Disease - (answers)resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia
AIDS dementia complex - (answers)the mental disorder resulting from an attack
by HIV on the brain and nerves
Dementia Screening Tools - (answers)MMSE
MOCA
SLUMS
Mini-Cog
Sinusitis treatment - (answers)Decongestant, acetaminophen, fluids, rest,
antibiotics
Broad-spectrum antibiotics for bacterial infection
Antifungals and/or surgery for fungal infection
Symptoms of Acute Angle Glaucoma - (answers)sudden occular pain, seeing halos
around light, red eye
Giant Cell Ateritis - (answers)an inflammation of the arteries in and around the
scalp. unknown cause.
Diagnosed by biopsy of the temporal artery.
SXS: HA, jaw pain, vision loss, fever, and fatigue.
, 3
TX: Prompt tx w/steroids to prevent permanent vision loss. NSAIDS.
Complications: irreversible vission loss
Temporal arteritis - (answers)a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual
impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms
Trigeminal Neuralgia - (answers)characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to
an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
Measurement of Jugular Oxygen Saturation - (answers)Normal jugular venous
oxygen saturation (SJVO2) ranges between 60 and 90%. A decline to below 50% is
considered indicative of cerebral ischaemia. Spontaneous episodes of
desaturation (SJVO2 < 50% for at least 15 min) were frequent during the acute
phase of these insults.
Types of Migraine headaches - (answers)Migraines - dysfunction of the brain stem
pathways that normally modulates sensory input. Rise in plasma serotonin dilates
the cerebral vessels.
- can be triggered by: menstrual cycle, bright lights, stress, oral contraceptives,
certain foods, fatigue, overuse of certain meds, sleep deprivation
- migraines without aura is the most common type
- its unilateral with moderate pain; may cause photophobia, phonophobia &
nausea
, 4
Tension-type - steady & constant feeling of pressure that usually begins in the
forehead, temple or back of neck.
- often bandlike or may be described as " a weight on top of my head"
Cluster Headache - severe form of vascular headache.
- Unilateral and come in clusters of 1 to 8 daily
- excruciating pain localized to the eye & orbit, radiating to the facial & temporal
regions
- pain accompanied by watery eyes and may have crescendo-decrescendo pattern
- attacks last from 15min to 3 hrs
- pain described as penetrating
Cranial arteritis -
- fatigue, malaise, weight loss & fever.
- inflammation; heat redness, swelling, tenderness, or pain, over involved artery
- sometimes a tender, swollen, or nodular temporal artery is visible.
- visual problems caused by ischemia of involved structures
- cranial arteritis thought to be immune vasculitis
Etiology of Guillain-Barre Syndrome - (answers)normally preceded by an infection
such as an intestinal diarrhea or upper respiratory tract infection - see
Campylobacter Jejuni; also associated with systemic conditions such as HIV,
sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and SLE
ANP 652 Final Study Guide EXAM
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
Verified | Updated (Actual Exam)
Characteristics and Symptoms of Dementia - (answers)Cognitive: mental decline,
confusion in the evening hours, disorientation, inability to speak or understand
language, making things up, mental confusion, or inability to recognize common
things
Behavioral: irritability, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or
wandering and getting lost
Mood: anxiety, loneliness, mood swings, or nervousness
Psychological: depression, hallucination, or paranoia
Muscular: inability to combine muscle movements or unsteady walking
Also common: memory loss, falling, jumbled speech, or sleep disorder
Pathophysiology of Dementia - (answers)Dementia is caused by damage to or loss
of nerve cells and their connections in the brain. Depending on the area of the
brain that's damaged, dementia can affect people differently and cause different
symptoms.
Dementias are often grouped by what they have in common, such as the protein
or proteins deposited in the brain or the part of the brain that's affected. Some
diseases look like dementias, such as those caused by a reaction to medications or
vitamin deficiencies, and they might improve with treatment.
What is a focal seizure? - (answers)Occurs in one part of the brain, child will
remain conscious, may verbalize during the seizure
, 2
Triad of Parkinson's Disease - (answers)resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia
AIDS dementia complex - (answers)the mental disorder resulting from an attack
by HIV on the brain and nerves
Dementia Screening Tools - (answers)MMSE
MOCA
SLUMS
Mini-Cog
Sinusitis treatment - (answers)Decongestant, acetaminophen, fluids, rest,
antibiotics
Broad-spectrum antibiotics for bacterial infection
Antifungals and/or surgery for fungal infection
Symptoms of Acute Angle Glaucoma - (answers)sudden occular pain, seeing halos
around light, red eye
Giant Cell Ateritis - (answers)an inflammation of the arteries in and around the
scalp. unknown cause.
Diagnosed by biopsy of the temporal artery.
SXS: HA, jaw pain, vision loss, fever, and fatigue.
, 3
TX: Prompt tx w/steroids to prevent permanent vision loss. NSAIDS.
Complications: irreversible vission loss
Temporal arteritis - (answers)a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual
impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms
Trigeminal Neuralgia - (answers)characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to
an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
Measurement of Jugular Oxygen Saturation - (answers)Normal jugular venous
oxygen saturation (SJVO2) ranges between 60 and 90%. A decline to below 50% is
considered indicative of cerebral ischaemia. Spontaneous episodes of
desaturation (SJVO2 < 50% for at least 15 min) were frequent during the acute
phase of these insults.
Types of Migraine headaches - (answers)Migraines - dysfunction of the brain stem
pathways that normally modulates sensory input. Rise in plasma serotonin dilates
the cerebral vessels.
- can be triggered by: menstrual cycle, bright lights, stress, oral contraceptives,
certain foods, fatigue, overuse of certain meds, sleep deprivation
- migraines without aura is the most common type
- its unilateral with moderate pain; may cause photophobia, phonophobia &
nausea
, 4
Tension-type - steady & constant feeling of pressure that usually begins in the
forehead, temple or back of neck.
- often bandlike or may be described as " a weight on top of my head"
Cluster Headache - severe form of vascular headache.
- Unilateral and come in clusters of 1 to 8 daily
- excruciating pain localized to the eye & orbit, radiating to the facial & temporal
regions
- pain accompanied by watery eyes and may have crescendo-decrescendo pattern
- attacks last from 15min to 3 hrs
- pain described as penetrating
Cranial arteritis -
- fatigue, malaise, weight loss & fever.
- inflammation; heat redness, swelling, tenderness, or pain, over involved artery
- sometimes a tender, swollen, or nodular temporal artery is visible.
- visual problems caused by ischemia of involved structures
- cranial arteritis thought to be immune vasculitis
Etiology of Guillain-Barre Syndrome - (answers)normally preceded by an infection
such as an intestinal diarrhea or upper respiratory tract infection - see
Campylobacter Jejuni; also associated with systemic conditions such as HIV,
sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and SLE
