EXAM 1 PCB 3702 LATEST 2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS|GRADED A+ GUARANTEED|100% PASS
What is Physiology? -CORRECT ANSWER--Study of biological function; how the body works
What are the steps of the Scientific Method? -CORRECT ANSWER--make observations
-form testable hypothesis
-design and conduct experiment
-make observations
-analyze data
-replicate results
What determines a good physiological research? -CORRECT ANSWER--Quantifiable
measurements
-experimental group and a control group
-Statistical analysis
-Review and publication by a peer-reviewed journal
What are the 4 phases of clinical trails? -CORRECT ANSWER-Phase 1: test drug on healthy
human volunteers
Phase 2:test drug on people infected with disease
Phase 3: tested on large diverse group of people. FDA approve drug for sale
Phase 4: test other applications of drug
What are the 6 levels of organization? -CORRECT ANSWER--molecule
,-cell
-tissue
-organ
-system
-organism
What are the four major categories of tissues? -CORRECT ANSWER--muscle tissue
-nervous tissue
-epithelial tissue
-connective tissue
What are the three types of muscle tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--skeletal muscle (voluntary)
-cardiac muscle (involuntary)
-smooth muscle
What are the two main categories of mucle tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--autonomic
(involuntary)- smooth and cardiac
-somatic (voluntary)- skeletal
What is smooth muscle tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--found in hollow organs
-Found in the walls of digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs, blood vessels, and
bronchioles of the lungs
What is nervous tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--found in brain, spinal cord, and nerves
-composed of neurons and neuroglia
What is epithelial tissue? Types? -CORRECT ANSWER--Forms the membranes that cover
body surfaces, line the inside of hollow organs, and glands
-has Simple epithelium (one layer) and Stratified epithelium (multiple layers)
,What is the difference between simple epithelium and stratified epithelium? -CORRECT
ANSWER--Simple epithelium: has one layer and is specialized for transport of substances.
-Stratified epithelium: has multiple layers and provides protection.
What is connective tissue? Types? -CORRECT ANSWER--a matrix made up of protein fibers,
extracellular material, and specialized cells
-Types: cartilage, bone, and blood
How many organ systems are there? Name them. -CORRECT ANSWER--11
-integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, circulatory,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
How is homeostasis maintained? explain it? -CORRECT ANSWER--by negative feedback
system which is a reaction that causes a decrease in function in response to a stimulus
-neg feedback also regulates regulation of glucose
What is homeostasis? -CORRECT ANSWER--Dynamic Constancy in body's internal
environment
What is positive feedback system? example? -CORRECT ANSWER--stimulus produces a
response that reinforces or strengthens a stimulus
-example is child birth with oxytocin
What is the structure of the plasma membrane?
Where are the hydrophobic/ hydrophilic centers? -CORRECT ANSWER--hydrophobic tail in
center of membrane
-hydrophilic head
-membranes are fluid structures
-negative inside the cell
, Describe hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances movements across membrane. -CORRECT
ANSWER--Small, hydrophobic substances pass freely through the phospholipid bilayer
-hydrophilic substances go across membrane with the help of the membrane proteins
What is peripheral membrane proteins? -CORRECT ANSWER--only located in the inner or
outer surface of the phospholipid
What is integral membrane proteins? -CORRECT ANSWER--protein is embedded in whole
bilayer
-have hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas
-examples ion channels, carrier, and receptor proteins
What is carbohydrates role in the membrane? -CORRECT ANSWER-attached to lipids
(glycolipids) and to proteins (glycoproteins); serve as antigens and interactions with
regulatory molecules
What is cholesterol role in the membrane? -CORRECT ANSWER--gives flexibility and reduce
permeability of membrane
-high temps, membrane, less fluid
-low temps, membrane is more fluid
What is phagocytosis? -CORRECT ANSWER--Cell Eating
-Large molecules are taken into a phagocytic vacuole called a phagosome where they are
digested.
-furrows outward
What is the job of a pseudopod in phagocytosis? -CORRECT ANSWER--Pseudopods engulf
bacteria, dead cells, or other organic materials and then fuse together to form a food
vacuole.
-food vacuole fuses with a lysosome, and the material is digested.
ANSWERS|GRADED A+ GUARANTEED|100% PASS
What is Physiology? -CORRECT ANSWER--Study of biological function; how the body works
What are the steps of the Scientific Method? -CORRECT ANSWER--make observations
-form testable hypothesis
-design and conduct experiment
-make observations
-analyze data
-replicate results
What determines a good physiological research? -CORRECT ANSWER--Quantifiable
measurements
-experimental group and a control group
-Statistical analysis
-Review and publication by a peer-reviewed journal
What are the 4 phases of clinical trails? -CORRECT ANSWER-Phase 1: test drug on healthy
human volunteers
Phase 2:test drug on people infected with disease
Phase 3: tested on large diverse group of people. FDA approve drug for sale
Phase 4: test other applications of drug
What are the 6 levels of organization? -CORRECT ANSWER--molecule
,-cell
-tissue
-organ
-system
-organism
What are the four major categories of tissues? -CORRECT ANSWER--muscle tissue
-nervous tissue
-epithelial tissue
-connective tissue
What are the three types of muscle tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--skeletal muscle (voluntary)
-cardiac muscle (involuntary)
-smooth muscle
What are the two main categories of mucle tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--autonomic
(involuntary)- smooth and cardiac
-somatic (voluntary)- skeletal
What is smooth muscle tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--found in hollow organs
-Found in the walls of digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs, blood vessels, and
bronchioles of the lungs
What is nervous tissue? -CORRECT ANSWER--found in brain, spinal cord, and nerves
-composed of neurons and neuroglia
What is epithelial tissue? Types? -CORRECT ANSWER--Forms the membranes that cover
body surfaces, line the inside of hollow organs, and glands
-has Simple epithelium (one layer) and Stratified epithelium (multiple layers)
,What is the difference between simple epithelium and stratified epithelium? -CORRECT
ANSWER--Simple epithelium: has one layer and is specialized for transport of substances.
-Stratified epithelium: has multiple layers and provides protection.
What is connective tissue? Types? -CORRECT ANSWER--a matrix made up of protein fibers,
extracellular material, and specialized cells
-Types: cartilage, bone, and blood
How many organ systems are there? Name them. -CORRECT ANSWER--11
-integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, circulatory,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
How is homeostasis maintained? explain it? -CORRECT ANSWER--by negative feedback
system which is a reaction that causes a decrease in function in response to a stimulus
-neg feedback also regulates regulation of glucose
What is homeostasis? -CORRECT ANSWER--Dynamic Constancy in body's internal
environment
What is positive feedback system? example? -CORRECT ANSWER--stimulus produces a
response that reinforces or strengthens a stimulus
-example is child birth with oxytocin
What is the structure of the plasma membrane?
Where are the hydrophobic/ hydrophilic centers? -CORRECT ANSWER--hydrophobic tail in
center of membrane
-hydrophilic head
-membranes are fluid structures
-negative inside the cell
, Describe hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances movements across membrane. -CORRECT
ANSWER--Small, hydrophobic substances pass freely through the phospholipid bilayer
-hydrophilic substances go across membrane with the help of the membrane proteins
What is peripheral membrane proteins? -CORRECT ANSWER--only located in the inner or
outer surface of the phospholipid
What is integral membrane proteins? -CORRECT ANSWER--protein is embedded in whole
bilayer
-have hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas
-examples ion channels, carrier, and receptor proteins
What is carbohydrates role in the membrane? -CORRECT ANSWER-attached to lipids
(glycolipids) and to proteins (glycoproteins); serve as antigens and interactions with
regulatory molecules
What is cholesterol role in the membrane? -CORRECT ANSWER--gives flexibility and reduce
permeability of membrane
-high temps, membrane, less fluid
-low temps, membrane is more fluid
What is phagocytosis? -CORRECT ANSWER--Cell Eating
-Large molecules are taken into a phagocytic vacuole called a phagosome where they are
digested.
-furrows outward
What is the job of a pseudopod in phagocytosis? -CORRECT ANSWER--Pseudopods engulf
bacteria, dead cells, or other organic materials and then fuse together to form a food
vacuole.
-food vacuole fuses with a lysosome, and the material is digested.
