TEST BANK for A History of World
FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ
Societies, 12th Edition by Merry E.
FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ
Wiesner-Hanks
COMPLETE CHAPTERS 1-
FJ FJ
33| A+ GRADED ALL ANSWERS AT THE BACK OF
FJ FJ F J FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ F
EACH CHAPTER
J FJ
PageFJ|FJ1
, ChapterFJ01_Essay
AnswerFJeachFJofFJtheFJfollowingFJquestionsFJwithFJanFJessay.FJBeFJsureFJtoFJincludeFJspecificFJexamplesFJthatFJsu
pportFJyourFJthesisFJandFJconclusions.
1. WhatFJareFJsomeFJofFJtheFJproblemsFJinFJusingFJevidenceFJfromFJcontemporaryFJgathererFJsocietiesFJtoFJstudy
FJearlyFJhumans?
2. HowFJdidFJearlyFJHomoFJerectusFJspreadFJoutFJofFJEastFJAfricaFJintoFJotherFJpartsFJofFJtheFJworld?FJWhereFJd
idFJtheyFJgo,FJandFJhowFJearlyFJdidFJtheyFJreachFJthoseFJplaces?
3. WhatFJwereFJtheFJkeyFJfeaturesFJofFJPaleolithicFJfoodFJattainmentFJandFJPaleolithicFJdiets?
4. WhatFJareFJsomeFJofFJtheFJtheoriesFJaboutFJgenderFJrelationshipsFJinFJPaleolithicFJsocieties?FJWhatFJchang
edFJinFJthoseFJrelationshipsFJinFJtheFJNeolithicFJperiod?FJWhatFJkindsFJofFJevidenceFJareFJusedFJinFJsupportin
gFJorFJarguingFJagainstFJtheseFJtheories?
5. WhatFJisFJtheFJrelationshipFJbetweenFJpastoralism,FJdisease,FJandFJhumans?
6. HowFJdidFJmaterialFJgoodsFJcreate,FJdefine,FJandFJperpetuateFJsocialFJhierarchiesFJinFJNeolithicFJsocieties?
AnswerFJKey
1. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• BecauseFJtheFJearliestFJhumansFJdidFJnotFJleaveFJbehindFJwrittenFJevidence,FJscientistsFJhaveFJstudiedFJ
moreFJrecentFJsocietiesFJthatFJlivedFJbyFJsimilarFJgatheringFJmeans.FJHowever,FJmostFJevidenceFJaboutFJrecentFJg
athererFJsocietiesFJwasFJwrittenFJbyFJexternalFJsourcesFJandFJthusFJincludesFJtheirFJbiasesFJandFJexpectations,FJsu
chFJasFJtheFJinferiorityFJofFJforagingFJasFJaFJlifestyle.FJFurthermore,FJfewFJmodernFJforagersFJorFJgatherersFJareFJtru
lyFJisolatedFJfromFJtheFJinfluenceFJofFJotherFJagriculturalFJorFJindustrialFJcultures.FJAlso,FJthisFJapproachFJassume
sFJthatFJgatherer
PageFJ|FJ2
,societiesFJareFJsomehowFJstaticFJandFJremainFJunchangedFJoverFJmanyFJcenturies,FJwhichFJignoresFJtheFJevidence
FJofFJhowFJadaptableFJsuchFJsocietiesFJreallyFJare.
2. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• HomoFJerectusFJmigratedFJoutFJofFJEastFJAfricaFJintoFJcentralFJAfrica,FJandFJthenFJintoFJnorthernFJAfrica
.FJThisFJmigrationFJtookFJplaceFJ2FJmillionFJyearsFJago.FJAsFJearlyFJasFJ1.8FJmillionFJyearsFJago,FJHomoFJerectusFJ
hadFJspreadFJtoFJAsia,FJreachingFJChinaFJandFJJavaFJbyFJ1.5FJmillionFJyearsFJago.FJTheseFJmigrationsFJtookFJplac
eFJoverFJland,FJalongFJcoastlineFJroutes.FJBecauseFJseaFJlevelsFJwereFJlowerFJthen,FJindividualsFJcouldFJcrossFJfro
mFJtheFJmainlandFJofFJChinaFJtoFJJavaFJonFJfoot.FJHomoFJerectusFJalsoFJmovedFJnorthwardFJfromFJAfrica,FJintoFJ
SpainFJbyFJ800,000FJyearsFJagoFJandFJintoFJGermanyFJ500,000FJyearsFJago.FJInFJeachFJofFJtheseFJplaces,FJtheyFJa
daptedFJhuntingFJandFJgatheringFJtechniquesFJtoFJtheFJlocalFJenvironment.
3. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• TheFJPaleolithicFJdietFJconsistedFJofFJaFJcombinationFJofFJplantsFJandFJanimalFJprotein.FJPaleolithicFJpe
oplesFJforagedFJforFJtheirFJfood,FJengagingFJinFJwhatFJweFJwouldFJconsiderFJaFJcombinationFJofFJhunting,FJscav
enging,FJandFJgathering.FJMostFJofFJwhatFJtheyFJateFJwereFJplants.FJAnimalFJproteinFJoftenFJcameFJfromFJscave
ngedFJfoodsFJlikeFJinsectsFJandFJshellfishFJratherFJthanFJbeingFJhuntedFJdirectly.FJItFJisFJunknownFJasFJtoFJwheth
erFJlaborFJwasFJdividedFJbetweenFJgenders,FJbutFJinFJtoday'sFJforagingFJsocieties,FJthereFJisFJsomeFJdivision,FJwi
thFJmenFJengagingFJinFJhuntingFJlargeFJanimalsFJandFJwomenFJresponsibleFJforFJgatheringFJplantsFJandFJsmallFJ
animals.FJItFJtookFJbetweenFJtenFJandFJtwentyFJhoursFJperFJweekFJtoFJgatherFJfood,FJbutFJthisFJnumberFJvariedFJd
ependingFJonFJenvironmentalFJfactorsFJandFJgroupFJdecisions.FJBecauseFJPaleolithicFJpeoplesFJhadFJtoFJforage
FJforFJtheirFJdiet,FJtheyFJexpendedFJenergyFJand,FJinFJgeneral,FJavoidedFJdiseasesFJcommonFJinFJsedentaryFJsoci
eties.FJLifeFJspansFJwereFJkeptFJinFJcheckFJbyFJaccidents,FJinjuries,FJandFJinfections.
4. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• StudiesFJofFJmoreFJrecentFJforagingFJsocietiesFJsuggestFJthatFJwomenFJwereFJvaluedFJforFJtheirFJlabor,FJ
whichFJwasFJrecognizedFJasFJequalFJtoFJtheFJworkFJofFJmen.FJBothFJmenFJandFJwomenFJforagedFJforFJfood,FJandFJ
bothFJparticipatedFJinFJhunting.FJOtherFJscholarsFJtheorizeFJthatFJevenFJinFJPaleolithicFJsocietyFJoneFJpersonFJma
yFJhaveFJemergedFJasFJaFJleader,FJperhapsFJbasedFJonFJpersonalFJskill,FJandFJthatFJthisFJpersonFJwasFJalmostFJalwa
ysFJaFJman.FJItFJisFJmoreFJcertainFJthatFJbyFJtheFJNeolithicFJperiod,FJafterFJtheFJinventionFJofFJplowFJagriculture,FJs
ocietyFJbecameFJmoreFJhierarchicalFJandFJmenFJtookFJonFJmoreFJofFJaFJpublic,FJeliteFJstatus.FJWomenFJwereFJlimi
tedFJtoFJtheFJhomeFJorFJenclosedFJspaces,FJandFJlandFJinheritanceFJfavoredFJmenFJoverFJwomen.FJEvidenceFJforFJ
genderFJrolesFJinFJtheFJNeolithicFJperiodFJcomesFJfromFJlaterFJwrittenFJtraditions.
PageFJ|FJ3
, 5. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• PastoralismFJisFJtheFJherdingFJandFJraisingFJofFJlivestock.FJItFJrequiresFJhumansFJtoFJliveFJinFJcloseFJcontac
tFJwithFJtheirFJherdFJanimals,FJthusFJexposingFJhumansFJtoFJvariousFJanimal-
borneFJdiseases,FJsuchFJasFJsmallpox.FJInitially,FJexposureFJtoFJdiseasesFJmayFJhaveFJcausedFJhigherFJmortalityFJr
atesFJinFJpastoralistFJsocieties,FJbutFJoverFJtime,F J humansFJwouldFJhaveFJdevelopedFJsomeFJresistanceFJtoFJthem.
FJForagersFJwereFJnotFJexposedFJtoFJtheseFJdiseasesFJandFJthusFJdidFJnotFJdevelopFJanyFJresistanceFJtoFJthem.FJWhe
nFJaFJpastoralistFJsocietyFJencounteredFJaFJforagerFJsociety,FJthisFJmightFJhaveFJledFJtheFJformerFJtoFJexposeFJtheFJl
atterFJtoFJdeadlyFJpathogens.
6. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• TheFJpossessionFJofFJmaterialFJgoods—
suchFJasFJlivestock,FJdwellingFJstructures,FJplows,FJcarts,FJandFJpots—
indicatedFJthatFJsomeFJindividualsFJhadFJcontrolFJoverFJmoreFJlabor.FJLaborFJwasFJusedFJtoFJacquireFJmaterialFJ
goods.FJTheFJmoreFJmaterialFJgoodsFJoneFJhad,FJtheFJmoreFJlaborFJoneFJcontrolled.FJThisFJindicatedFJstatus;FJtoFJ
controlFJlaborFJwasFJtoFJhaveFJaFJhigherFJstatusFJthanFJothers.FJHavingFJmaterialFJgoodsFJgaveFJoneFJtheFJabilityF
JtoFJacquireFJyetFJmoreFJmaterialFJgoodsFJandFJtoFJcontinueFJtoFJacquireFJstatus.FJMaterialFJgoods,FJalongFJwithFJ
land,FJcouldFJalsoFJconstituteFJanFJinheritance,FJandFJthusFJperpetuateFJstatusFJintoFJtheFJnextFJgeneration.
ChapterFJ01_Matching
UseFJtheFJfollowingFJtoFJanswerFJquestionsFJ1-15:
SelectFJtheFJwordFJorFJphraseFJfromFJtheFJTermsFJsectionFJthatFJbestFJmatchesFJtheFJdefinitionFJorFJexampleFJprovi
dedFJinFJtheFJDefinitionsFJsection.
Terms
a. pastoralism
b. Neanderthals
c. divisionFJofFJlabor
d. animism
e. socialFJhierarchies
f. patriarchy
g. PaleolithicFJera
h. AgriculturalFJRevolution
g. foraging
PageFJ|FJ4
FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ
Societies, 12th Edition by Merry E.
FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ
Wiesner-Hanks
COMPLETE CHAPTERS 1-
FJ FJ
33| A+ GRADED ALL ANSWERS AT THE BACK OF
FJ FJ F J FJ FJ FJ FJ FJ F
EACH CHAPTER
J FJ
PageFJ|FJ1
, ChapterFJ01_Essay
AnswerFJeachFJofFJtheFJfollowingFJquestionsFJwithFJanFJessay.FJBeFJsureFJtoFJincludeFJspecificFJexamplesFJthatFJsu
pportFJyourFJthesisFJandFJconclusions.
1. WhatFJareFJsomeFJofFJtheFJproblemsFJinFJusingFJevidenceFJfromFJcontemporaryFJgathererFJsocietiesFJtoFJstudy
FJearlyFJhumans?
2. HowFJdidFJearlyFJHomoFJerectusFJspreadFJoutFJofFJEastFJAfricaFJintoFJotherFJpartsFJofFJtheFJworld?FJWhereFJd
idFJtheyFJgo,FJandFJhowFJearlyFJdidFJtheyFJreachFJthoseFJplaces?
3. WhatFJwereFJtheFJkeyFJfeaturesFJofFJPaleolithicFJfoodFJattainmentFJandFJPaleolithicFJdiets?
4. WhatFJareFJsomeFJofFJtheFJtheoriesFJaboutFJgenderFJrelationshipsFJinFJPaleolithicFJsocieties?FJWhatFJchang
edFJinFJthoseFJrelationshipsFJinFJtheFJNeolithicFJperiod?FJWhatFJkindsFJofFJevidenceFJareFJusedFJinFJsupportin
gFJorFJarguingFJagainstFJtheseFJtheories?
5. WhatFJisFJtheFJrelationshipFJbetweenFJpastoralism,FJdisease,FJandFJhumans?
6. HowFJdidFJmaterialFJgoodsFJcreate,FJdefine,FJandFJperpetuateFJsocialFJhierarchiesFJinFJNeolithicFJsocieties?
AnswerFJKey
1. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• BecauseFJtheFJearliestFJhumansFJdidFJnotFJleaveFJbehindFJwrittenFJevidence,FJscientistsFJhaveFJstudiedFJ
moreFJrecentFJsocietiesFJthatFJlivedFJbyFJsimilarFJgatheringFJmeans.FJHowever,FJmostFJevidenceFJaboutFJrecentFJg
athererFJsocietiesFJwasFJwrittenFJbyFJexternalFJsourcesFJandFJthusFJincludesFJtheirFJbiasesFJandFJexpectations,FJsu
chFJasFJtheFJinferiorityFJofFJforagingFJasFJaFJlifestyle.FJFurthermore,FJfewFJmodernFJforagersFJorFJgatherersFJareFJtru
lyFJisolatedFJfromFJtheFJinfluenceFJofFJotherFJagriculturalFJorFJindustrialFJcultures.FJAlso,FJthisFJapproachFJassume
sFJthatFJgatherer
PageFJ|FJ2
,societiesFJareFJsomehowFJstaticFJandFJremainFJunchangedFJoverFJmanyFJcenturies,FJwhichFJignoresFJtheFJevidence
FJofFJhowFJadaptableFJsuchFJsocietiesFJreallyFJare.
2. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• HomoFJerectusFJmigratedFJoutFJofFJEastFJAfricaFJintoFJcentralFJAfrica,FJandFJthenFJintoFJnorthernFJAfrica
.FJThisFJmigrationFJtookFJplaceFJ2FJmillionFJyearsFJago.FJAsFJearlyFJasFJ1.8FJmillionFJyearsFJago,FJHomoFJerectusFJ
hadFJspreadFJtoFJAsia,FJreachingFJChinaFJandFJJavaFJbyFJ1.5FJmillionFJyearsFJago.FJTheseFJmigrationsFJtookFJplac
eFJoverFJland,FJalongFJcoastlineFJroutes.FJBecauseFJseaFJlevelsFJwereFJlowerFJthen,FJindividualsFJcouldFJcrossFJfro
mFJtheFJmainlandFJofFJChinaFJtoFJJavaFJonFJfoot.FJHomoFJerectusFJalsoFJmovedFJnorthwardFJfromFJAfrica,FJintoFJ
SpainFJbyFJ800,000FJyearsFJagoFJandFJintoFJGermanyFJ500,000FJyearsFJago.FJInFJeachFJofFJtheseFJplaces,FJtheyFJa
daptedFJhuntingFJandFJgatheringFJtechniquesFJtoFJtheFJlocalFJenvironment.
3. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• TheFJPaleolithicFJdietFJconsistedFJofFJaFJcombinationFJofFJplantsFJandFJanimalFJprotein.FJPaleolithicFJpe
oplesFJforagedFJforFJtheirFJfood,FJengagingFJinFJwhatFJweFJwouldFJconsiderFJaFJcombinationFJofFJhunting,FJscav
enging,FJandFJgathering.FJMostFJofFJwhatFJtheyFJateFJwereFJplants.FJAnimalFJproteinFJoftenFJcameFJfromFJscave
ngedFJfoodsFJlikeFJinsectsFJandFJshellfishFJratherFJthanFJbeingFJhuntedFJdirectly.FJItFJisFJunknownFJasFJtoFJwheth
erFJlaborFJwasFJdividedFJbetweenFJgenders,FJbutFJinFJtoday'sFJforagingFJsocieties,FJthereFJisFJsomeFJdivision,FJwi
thFJmenFJengagingFJinFJhuntingFJlargeFJanimalsFJandFJwomenFJresponsibleFJforFJgatheringFJplantsFJandFJsmallFJ
animals.FJItFJtookFJbetweenFJtenFJandFJtwentyFJhoursFJperFJweekFJtoFJgatherFJfood,FJbutFJthisFJnumberFJvariedFJd
ependingFJonFJenvironmentalFJfactorsFJandFJgroupFJdecisions.FJBecauseFJPaleolithicFJpeoplesFJhadFJtoFJforage
FJforFJtheirFJdiet,FJtheyFJexpendedFJenergyFJand,FJinFJgeneral,FJavoidedFJdiseasesFJcommonFJinFJsedentaryFJsoci
eties.FJLifeFJspansFJwereFJkeptFJinFJcheckFJbyFJaccidents,FJinjuries,FJandFJinfections.
4. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• StudiesFJofFJmoreFJrecentFJforagingFJsocietiesFJsuggestFJthatFJwomenFJwereFJvaluedFJforFJtheirFJlabor,FJ
whichFJwasFJrecognizedFJasFJequalFJtoFJtheFJworkFJofFJmen.FJBothFJmenFJandFJwomenFJforagedFJforFJfood,FJandFJ
bothFJparticipatedFJinFJhunting.FJOtherFJscholarsFJtheorizeFJthatFJevenFJinFJPaleolithicFJsocietyFJoneFJpersonFJma
yFJhaveFJemergedFJasFJaFJleader,FJperhapsFJbasedFJonFJpersonalFJskill,FJandFJthatFJthisFJpersonFJwasFJalmostFJalwa
ysFJaFJman.FJItFJisFJmoreFJcertainFJthatFJbyFJtheFJNeolithicFJperiod,FJafterFJtheFJinventionFJofFJplowFJagriculture,FJs
ocietyFJbecameFJmoreFJhierarchicalFJandFJmenFJtookFJonFJmoreFJofFJaFJpublic,FJeliteFJstatus.FJWomenFJwereFJlimi
tedFJtoFJtheFJhomeFJorFJenclosedFJspaces,FJandFJlandFJinheritanceFJfavoredFJmenFJoverFJwomen.FJEvidenceFJforFJ
genderFJrolesFJinFJtheFJNeolithicFJperiodFJcomesFJfromFJlaterFJwrittenFJtraditions.
PageFJ|FJ3
, 5. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• PastoralismFJisFJtheFJherdingFJandFJraisingFJofFJlivestock.FJItFJrequiresFJhumansFJtoFJliveFJinFJcloseFJcontac
tFJwithFJtheirFJherdFJanimals,FJthusFJexposingFJhumansFJtoFJvariousFJanimal-
borneFJdiseases,FJsuchFJasFJsmallpox.FJInitially,FJexposureFJtoFJdiseasesFJmayFJhaveFJcausedFJhigherFJmortalityFJr
atesFJinFJpastoralistFJsocieties,FJbutFJoverFJtime,F J humansFJwouldFJhaveFJdevelopedFJsomeFJresistanceFJtoFJthem.
FJForagersFJwereFJnotFJexposedFJtoFJtheseFJdiseasesFJandFJthusFJdidFJnotFJdevelopFJanyFJresistanceFJtoFJthem.FJWhe
nFJaFJpastoralistFJsocietyFJencounteredFJaFJforagerFJsociety,FJthisFJmightFJhaveFJledFJtheFJformerFJtoFJexposeFJtheFJl
atterFJtoFJdeadlyFJpathogens.
6. AnswerFJwouldFJideallyFJinclude:
• TheFJpossessionFJofFJmaterialFJgoods—
suchFJasFJlivestock,FJdwellingFJstructures,FJplows,FJcarts,FJandFJpots—
indicatedFJthatFJsomeFJindividualsFJhadFJcontrolFJoverFJmoreFJlabor.FJLaborFJwasFJusedFJtoFJacquireFJmaterialFJ
goods.FJTheFJmoreFJmaterialFJgoodsFJoneFJhad,FJtheFJmoreFJlaborFJoneFJcontrolled.FJThisFJindicatedFJstatus;FJtoFJ
controlFJlaborFJwasFJtoFJhaveFJaFJhigherFJstatusFJthanFJothers.FJHavingFJmaterialFJgoodsFJgaveFJoneFJtheFJabilityF
JtoFJacquireFJyetFJmoreFJmaterialFJgoodsFJandFJtoFJcontinueFJtoFJacquireFJstatus.FJMaterialFJgoods,FJalongFJwithFJ
land,FJcouldFJalsoFJconstituteFJanFJinheritance,FJandFJthusFJperpetuateFJstatusFJintoFJtheFJnextFJgeneration.
ChapterFJ01_Matching
UseFJtheFJfollowingFJtoFJanswerFJquestionsFJ1-15:
SelectFJtheFJwordFJorFJphraseFJfromFJtheFJTermsFJsectionFJthatFJbestFJmatchesFJtheFJdefinitionFJorFJexampleFJprovi
dedFJinFJtheFJDefinitionsFJsection.
Terms
a. pastoralism
b. Neanderthals
c. divisionFJofFJlabor
d. animism
e. socialFJhierarchies
f. patriarchy
g. PaleolithicFJera
h. AgriculturalFJRevolution
g. foraging
PageFJ|FJ4
