RNC-OB Prep (Newborn Evaluation)
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026(Verified Answers)
APGAR -
correct answer ✅skin color, heart rate, reflex irritability,
tone, respiration.
Performed at 1 and 5 mins. Repeat apgar until score is >7.
-Validity is decreased in preterm newborns.
-Not to be used as indicator for resuscitation.
Respiratory Adaptation (Newborn Transition) -
correct answer ✅-Oxygenated blood is diverted away from
pulmonary circulation in utero and flows through the foramen
ovale (between R atrium and L atrium) and ductus arteriosus
(pulmonary artery to the superior vena cava), to the fetal body.
-Decrease in production of lung fluid occurs near the end of
pregnancy and when labor begins due to a catecholamine surge.
-Drop in pH stimulates fetal chemoreceptors to trigger respiratory
center to initiate respiration.
-Hormones secreted by the placenta inhibit breathing-> when the
cord is clamped, breathing begins.
-Mechanical compression during labor pushes approx. 1/3 of fluid
out of fetal lungs. When the chest is delivered, it is reexpanded
causing negative pressure and fluid is replaced with air.
,RNC-OB Prep (Newborn Evaluation)
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026(Verified Answers)
TTN -
correct answer ✅Transient tachypnea of the newborn.
Residual fluid in the lungs-> alteration in o2 exchange-> work of
breathing is increased.
-Mild self-limiting disorder, lasts 12-72 hrs
-Infant who do not experience labor are more likely to develop
RDS -
correct answer ✅Respiratory distress syndrome of the
newborn.
Most common lung disease in premature newborns.
-Increased risk with diabetes and C/S
-Caused by lack of adequate amount of surfactant
- By 34-36 wks there is enough surfactant to support respiration
and protect against development of RDS.
-Surfactant prevents alveolar collapse and helps lungs to expand
promotes gas exchange.
, RNC-OB Prep (Newborn Evaluation)
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026(Verified Answers)
Ductus Venosus -
correct answer ✅From a connection between the umbilical
vein and inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver. This allows oxygen-
rich blood from the placenta to flow directly to the fetal heart and
brain.
Closure: The cessation of umbilical blood flow causes it to constrict
and eventually close, forming the ligamentum venosum (during the
first week of life).
Foramen Ovale -
correct answer ✅"flap like" structure that allows oxygenated
blood to flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.
Closure: The increased left atrial pressure (due to pulmonary blood
return) and decreased right atrial pressure (from reduced placental
blood flow) push the flap of the foramen ovale closed.
Ductus Arteriosus -
correct answer ✅A vessel that connects the pulmonary
artery and the descending aorta. Allows the oxygenated blood to
bypass the lungs which are not used for oxygen exchange before
birth.
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026(Verified Answers)
APGAR -
correct answer ✅skin color, heart rate, reflex irritability,
tone, respiration.
Performed at 1 and 5 mins. Repeat apgar until score is >7.
-Validity is decreased in preterm newborns.
-Not to be used as indicator for resuscitation.
Respiratory Adaptation (Newborn Transition) -
correct answer ✅-Oxygenated blood is diverted away from
pulmonary circulation in utero and flows through the foramen
ovale (between R atrium and L atrium) and ductus arteriosus
(pulmonary artery to the superior vena cava), to the fetal body.
-Decrease in production of lung fluid occurs near the end of
pregnancy and when labor begins due to a catecholamine surge.
-Drop in pH stimulates fetal chemoreceptors to trigger respiratory
center to initiate respiration.
-Hormones secreted by the placenta inhibit breathing-> when the
cord is clamped, breathing begins.
-Mechanical compression during labor pushes approx. 1/3 of fluid
out of fetal lungs. When the chest is delivered, it is reexpanded
causing negative pressure and fluid is replaced with air.
,RNC-OB Prep (Newborn Evaluation)
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026(Verified Answers)
TTN -
correct answer ✅Transient tachypnea of the newborn.
Residual fluid in the lungs-> alteration in o2 exchange-> work of
breathing is increased.
-Mild self-limiting disorder, lasts 12-72 hrs
-Infant who do not experience labor are more likely to develop
RDS -
correct answer ✅Respiratory distress syndrome of the
newborn.
Most common lung disease in premature newborns.
-Increased risk with diabetes and C/S
-Caused by lack of adequate amount of surfactant
- By 34-36 wks there is enough surfactant to support respiration
and protect against development of RDS.
-Surfactant prevents alveolar collapse and helps lungs to expand
promotes gas exchange.
, RNC-OB Prep (Newborn Evaluation)
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026(Verified Answers)
Ductus Venosus -
correct answer ✅From a connection between the umbilical
vein and inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver. This allows oxygen-
rich blood from the placenta to flow directly to the fetal heart and
brain.
Closure: The cessation of umbilical blood flow causes it to constrict
and eventually close, forming the ligamentum venosum (during the
first week of life).
Foramen Ovale -
correct answer ✅"flap like" structure that allows oxygenated
blood to flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium.
Closure: The increased left atrial pressure (due to pulmonary blood
return) and decreased right atrial pressure (from reduced placental
blood flow) push the flap of the foramen ovale closed.
Ductus Arteriosus -
correct answer ✅A vessel that connects the pulmonary
artery and the descending aorta. Allows the oxygenated blood to
bypass the lungs which are not used for oxygen exchange before
birth.
