NURS 3300 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update

NURS 3300 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update Research - Answers Planned and systematic activity that leads to new knowledge and/or discovery of solutions to problems/questions; the systematic rigorous critical investigation or inquiry aiming to answer questions about nursing phenomenon, events, or occurrences, searching possible relationships among such phenomenon; involves a set of orderly processes that formaize the development of evidence (scientific process) Quantitative approach - Answers seeks to test relationships or answer a question; data are numbers (obtain precise measurements); objective approach (info can be generalized in specific situations); explain cause and effect types of relationships; test for intervention effectiveness Qualitative approach - Answers Seeks to understand the meaning of human experience; data are words/text; subjective approach; narrative description of experiences; looking for patterns or themes Triangulation - Answers Using multiple approaches to validate data; cross verifying the same info; both quantitative and qualitative data are used to solve a research problem; often used for credibility; well for comprehensiveness Identifying problem and purpose statement, review of related literature, identifying pertinent variables, and formulating research questions and hypotheses; select a topic that interests you and that is needed, draft a purpose statement, identify your population, conduct a lit review to find existing knowledge and gaps, decide up variables you want to include to measure (ex. age), decide upon a theoretical framework to help guide your study, and write out your research questions and/or hypotheses at this point - Answers What elements are involved in phase 1 of the research process? Selecting a research design: identifying sample and setting, defining all measurements; determining your staffing team and strategy, specify your sample and your subset of population, specify your setting or location to conduct your study and collect data, choose an appropriate research design, aligned with your research question and hypotheses, select measurements or tools you'd use to collect data (should be reliable and valid) - Answers What elements are involved in phase 2 of the research process? Methods: Data collection methods; determine how the data will be collected (in terms of the time frame and how often), determine who will collect the data, how you will enter the data (come out with your data analysis plan) - Answers What elements are involved in phase 3 of the research process? Data analysis: interpreting findings, analyzing data; select an appropriate analytical procedure, based on the number of groups, level of measurement of your variables, shape of the data, sample size, and a host of other things that go into selecting the appropriate analytical procedure; interpret results in respect to your research question and/or hypotheses - Answers What elements are involved in phase 4 of the research process? Utilizing research: disseminating research findings; share results at conferences or in publications, reputable journals, or in house presentations - Answers What elements are involved in phase 5 of the research process? Evidence-based practice (EBP) - Answers the collection, interpretation, and integration of valid research evidence, combined with clinical expertise, and an understanding of patient and family values and preferences, to inform clinical decision making ask, gather, appraise, act, evaluate - Answers Evidence based practice steps Research article - Answers Follows the steps of the research process; not a "how to" but answers a question with all the components of the research process clearly presented or identified; quantitative Clinical guidelines - Answers Developed to assist in bridging practice and research; guidelines provide clinicians with algorithms for clinical management of specific diseases or treatments (i.e. pain management) Consensus or expert-based clinical guidelines - Answers clinical guidelines developed by expert panels Evience-based clinical guidelines - Answers Clinical guidelines developed using research findings Systematic reviews - Answers summation and assessment of a group of research studies that test a similar research question; 3 types: meta-analysis, integrative review, and meta-synthesis Meta-analysis - Answers Uses statistical methods to analyze combined data from multiple studies; summary of a number of quantitative studies focused on a question/topic using a specific statistical methodology to synthesize the findings in order to draw conclusions about the area of focus (resulting in a combined or overall statistic) Integrative review - Answers A focused review and synthesis in narrative form of research on a particular area that follows specific steps of literature integration and synthesis without statistical analysis and can include both quantitative and qualitative articles; summarizes the findings of multiple studies on a particular subject Meta-synthesis - Answers Uses qualitative methods to analyze combined data from multiple studies; synthesis (in narrative form) of a number of qualitative research studies on a focused topic using specific qualitative methodology Level of evidence - Answers 7 levels that rank evidence based on a study's design; level 1 is considered to be the highest level, most important evidence that can be gathered Systematic review or meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), evidence-based clinical practice guidelines based on systematic reviews - Answers What evidence is included in level 1 of the Level of Evidence? A well-designed randomized controlled trial - Answers What evidence is included in level 2 of the Level of Evidence? Controlled trial without randomization (quasi experimental study) - Answers What evidence is included in level 3 of the Level of Evidence? Single non experimental study (case-control, correlational, cohort studies) - Answers What