MICB 212 Immunology Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
3 layers of immune system - Answers 1) anatomical & chem barriers
2) innate immunity
3) adaptive immunity
anatomical & chem barriers ex - Answers cornea, skin, lung, gut, etc.
biochemical defenses - Answers mucus, antimicrobial peptides, low pH, lysozymes, stomach
acid
innate response is nonspecific/specific short term/long term - Answers nonspecific & short
term (dory)
adaptive immune response is nonspecific/specific short term/long term - Answers specific &
long term (yoda)
immediate & fast innate immune responses - Answers sensing of pathogens/complement
proteins in blood/tissue resident immune cells
induced innate immune responses - Answers change is blood vessel walls/recruitment of cells
from blood to site of infection/production of cytokines (signalling molecules)
innate immune response is immediate and act in _______________ - Answers minutes/hours
adaptive immune response takes longer and act in _________________ - Answers
weeks/months/7-10 days
humoral response - Answers production of antibodies by B cells (specific)
cellular response - Answers T cells that release cytokines & toxic molecules to kill infected cells
examples of immune response cells - Answers neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells
examples of immune response cells - Answers B cells, T cells, antibodies
hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) made in... - Answers bone marrow
HSC turns into (3)... - Answers erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes (not focused)
erythrocytes - Answers red blood cells (RBCs)
leukocytes - Answers white blood cells (WBCs)
thrombocytes - Answers platelets
HSC cells turn into (2)... - Answers common myeloid progenitor (CMP) & common lymphoid
, progenitor (CLP)
both CMP and CLP produce... - Answers dendritic cells
common myeloid progenitor (CMP) differentiate into (2)... - Answers megakaryocyte-erythroid
progenitor (MEP) & granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP)
megakaryocyte-eruthroid progenitor (MEP) turn into (2)... - Answers erythrocytes,
megakaryocytes
granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) turns into (5)... - Answers eosinophil, basophil, mast
cell, neutrophil, monocyte (all granulocytes)
megakaryocytes turn into... - Answers platelets
monocytes turn into (2)... - Answers macrophage, dendritic cell (monocyte-derived)
the granulocytes are _____________ - Answers innate immune cells
B and T cells are ____________ - Answers adaptive immune cells
primary lymphoid organs (2) - Answers thymus, bone marrow
secondary lymphoid organs (2) - Answers spleen, lymph nodes
thymus (1) - Answers - T cells developed from marrow migrate here to mature
- T cell precursor > immature T cell
- mature CD4 & CD8T cell
bone marrow (1) - Answers - HSCs receive cytokines cues to dev & mature into diff cell types
(RBCs, B, T cells, etc.)
- B cells mature (B cell precursor > immature B cells > mature B cells)
spleen (2) - Answers - largest lymphoid organ
- recycle RBCs
- bring blood into contact with lymphocytes so blood-borne pathogens are seen
- macrophages phagocytose blood-borne pathogens
- activation of adaptive immune response
lymph nodes (2) - Answers - "draining lymph nodes" drain lymph into contact with lymphocytes
- where B and T cells see antigen (T cells interact with dendritic cells; B cells interact with T
3 layers of immune system - Answers 1) anatomical & chem barriers
2) innate immunity
3) adaptive immunity
anatomical & chem barriers ex - Answers cornea, skin, lung, gut, etc.
biochemical defenses - Answers mucus, antimicrobial peptides, low pH, lysozymes, stomach
acid
innate response is nonspecific/specific short term/long term - Answers nonspecific & short
term (dory)
adaptive immune response is nonspecific/specific short term/long term - Answers specific &
long term (yoda)
immediate & fast innate immune responses - Answers sensing of pathogens/complement
proteins in blood/tissue resident immune cells
induced innate immune responses - Answers change is blood vessel walls/recruitment of cells
from blood to site of infection/production of cytokines (signalling molecules)
innate immune response is immediate and act in _______________ - Answers minutes/hours
adaptive immune response takes longer and act in _________________ - Answers
weeks/months/7-10 days
humoral response - Answers production of antibodies by B cells (specific)
cellular response - Answers T cells that release cytokines & toxic molecules to kill infected cells
examples of immune response cells - Answers neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells
examples of immune response cells - Answers B cells, T cells, antibodies
hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) made in... - Answers bone marrow
HSC turns into (3)... - Answers erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes (not focused)
erythrocytes - Answers red blood cells (RBCs)
leukocytes - Answers white blood cells (WBCs)
thrombocytes - Answers platelets
HSC cells turn into (2)... - Answers common myeloid progenitor (CMP) & common lymphoid
, progenitor (CLP)
both CMP and CLP produce... - Answers dendritic cells
common myeloid progenitor (CMP) differentiate into (2)... - Answers megakaryocyte-erythroid
progenitor (MEP) & granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP)
megakaryocyte-eruthroid progenitor (MEP) turn into (2)... - Answers erythrocytes,
megakaryocytes
granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) turns into (5)... - Answers eosinophil, basophil, mast
cell, neutrophil, monocyte (all granulocytes)
megakaryocytes turn into... - Answers platelets
monocytes turn into (2)... - Answers macrophage, dendritic cell (monocyte-derived)
the granulocytes are _____________ - Answers innate immune cells
B and T cells are ____________ - Answers adaptive immune cells
primary lymphoid organs (2) - Answers thymus, bone marrow
secondary lymphoid organs (2) - Answers spleen, lymph nodes
thymus (1) - Answers - T cells developed from marrow migrate here to mature
- T cell precursor > immature T cell
- mature CD4 & CD8T cell
bone marrow (1) - Answers - HSCs receive cytokines cues to dev & mature into diff cell types
(RBCs, B, T cells, etc.)
- B cells mature (B cell precursor > immature B cells > mature B cells)
spleen (2) - Answers - largest lymphoid organ
- recycle RBCs
- bring blood into contact with lymphocytes so blood-borne pathogens are seen
- macrophages phagocytose blood-borne pathogens
- activation of adaptive immune response
lymph nodes (2) - Answers - "draining lymph nodes" drain lymph into contact with lymphocytes
- where B and T cells see antigen (T cells interact with dendritic cells; B cells interact with T
