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d312 midterm Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
globalization Ans: the word used to describe the growing
interdependence of the worlds economies, cultures, and populations,
brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology,
and flows of investment, people, and information
culture Ans: a set of knowledge structures consisting of systems of
values, norms, attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral meanings that are
shared by members of a social group (society) and embedded in
institutions and learned from previous generations. - shared, learned,
systematic and organized
SME's Ans: small and medium-sized enterprises that are defined
differently in differing areas
US: 500 employees or less
EU: 250 employees or less
Tariffs Ans: taxes used to restrict imports by increasing the price of
good and services purchased from another country making them less
attractive to domestic consumers
protectionist Ans: relates to the theory or practice of shielding a
countries domestic industries from competition by taxing imports
outsourcing Ans: the business practice of hiring an outside company to
perform tasks that were previously performed in-house
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offshoring Ans: the practice of basing some of a company's processes
or services overseas, so as to take advantage of lower costs
nearshoring Ans: the practice of transferring a business operation to a
nearby country, especially in preference to a more distant one
downsizing Ans: making and organization smaller by eliminating staff
privatization Ans: process of transferring an enterprise or industry from
the public sector to the private (private believed to be more efficient)
mergers Ans: two companies become one
acquisitions Ans: a company takes over another
gross domestic product Ans: monetary value of all goods and services
produced within a countries boarders and within a certain time period
foreign direct investment Ans: FDI is an investment made by a firm or
individual in one country into business interests located in another
country
Totalitarianism Ans: a government that is centralized and dictorial and
requires complete subservience
transition economy Ans: country that is changing from centrally
planned to market planned economy
theocratic Ans: Religious leaders control the government
secular Ans: ideological concepts
attribution Ans: the action of regarding something as being caused by a
person or thing
norms Ans: standards or patterns of social behavior that is typical or
expected of a group
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monoculture Ans: having or referring to a single culture
society Ans: an enduring and cooperating social group whose members
have developed organized patterns of relationships through interaction
with one another
logic Ans: a particular mode of reasoning viewed as valid
roles Ans: the expected behavior associated with a particular situation
or position in a group
values Ans: a persons principles and beliefs about what is important in
life
artifacts Ans: objects made by human beings, typically an item of
cultural or historical interest
rule of thumb Ans: a broadly accurate guide of principles based on
experience or practice
why cultures differ and persist? Ans: - survival and the emergence of
cultural norms
- language
- religion and ideology
identity Ans: the understanding a person has of themselves
social identity Ans: a persons sense of who they are, based on the
membership
debates surrounding culture Ans: -national culture
-convergence/divergence of cultures
-organizational cultures
d312 midterm Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
globalization Ans: the word used to describe the growing
interdependence of the worlds economies, cultures, and populations,
brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology,
and flows of investment, people, and information
culture Ans: a set of knowledge structures consisting of systems of
values, norms, attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral meanings that are
shared by members of a social group (society) and embedded in
institutions and learned from previous generations. - shared, learned,
systematic and organized
SME's Ans: small and medium-sized enterprises that are defined
differently in differing areas
US: 500 employees or less
EU: 250 employees or less
Tariffs Ans: taxes used to restrict imports by increasing the price of
good and services purchased from another country making them less
attractive to domestic consumers
protectionist Ans: relates to the theory or practice of shielding a
countries domestic industries from competition by taxing imports
outsourcing Ans: the business practice of hiring an outside company to
perform tasks that were previously performed in-house
, Page | 2
offshoring Ans: the practice of basing some of a company's processes
or services overseas, so as to take advantage of lower costs
nearshoring Ans: the practice of transferring a business operation to a
nearby country, especially in preference to a more distant one
downsizing Ans: making and organization smaller by eliminating staff
privatization Ans: process of transferring an enterprise or industry from
the public sector to the private (private believed to be more efficient)
mergers Ans: two companies become one
acquisitions Ans: a company takes over another
gross domestic product Ans: monetary value of all goods and services
produced within a countries boarders and within a certain time period
foreign direct investment Ans: FDI is an investment made by a firm or
individual in one country into business interests located in another
country
Totalitarianism Ans: a government that is centralized and dictorial and
requires complete subservience
transition economy Ans: country that is changing from centrally
planned to market planned economy
theocratic Ans: Religious leaders control the government
secular Ans: ideological concepts
attribution Ans: the action of regarding something as being caused by a
person or thing
norms Ans: standards or patterns of social behavior that is typical or
expected of a group
, Page | 3
monoculture Ans: having or referring to a single culture
society Ans: an enduring and cooperating social group whose members
have developed organized patterns of relationships through interaction
with one another
logic Ans: a particular mode of reasoning viewed as valid
roles Ans: the expected behavior associated with a particular situation
or position in a group
values Ans: a persons principles and beliefs about what is important in
life
artifacts Ans: objects made by human beings, typically an item of
cultural or historical interest
rule of thumb Ans: a broadly accurate guide of principles based on
experience or practice
why cultures differ and persist? Ans: - survival and the emergence of
cultural norms
- language
- religion and ideology
identity Ans: the understanding a person has of themselves
social identity Ans: a persons sense of who they are, based on the
membership
debates surrounding culture Ans: -national culture
-convergence/divergence of cultures
-organizational cultures
