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What are the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tremors (6-12 hours
after last drink)
Anxiety, agitation
Tachycardia, hypertension
Insomnia
Seizures (12-48 hours after last drink)
Delirium tremens (DTs) - Hallucinations, confusion, autonomic instability (48-72 hours after
last drink)
What is delirium tremens (DTs), and when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-A severe
alcohol withdrawal syndrome with confusion, hallucinations, and autonomic hyperactivity
(tachycardia, hypertension). Occurs 48-72 hours after last drink.
What is the first-line treatment for acute alcohol withdrawal? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide) to prevent seizures and DTs.
What medications are FDA-approved for alcohol use disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Naltrexone - Blocks opioid receptors, reduces cravings
Acamprosate - Modulates glutamate, reduces cravings
Disulfiram - Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing an aversive reaction if alcohol is
consumed
, Which medication should be avoided in patients with liver disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Naltrexone (can cause hepatotoxicity)
What are common screening tools for alcohol use disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER-AUDIT
(Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) - Identifies hazardous drinking
CAGE questionnaire - 4-question screening for alcohol dependence (Cut down, Annoyed,
Guilty, Eye-opener)
CIWA-Ar (Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol) - Assesses alcohol withdrawal
severity
What are common screening tools for opioid use disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER-ORT
(Opioid Risk Tool) - Assesses risk of opioid misuse
SOAPP (Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain) - Evaluates risk of opioid
abuse in chronic pain patients
DAST (Drug Abuse Screening Test) - General screening for drug use disorders
What are the medication-assisted treatments (MAT) for opioid use disorder? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Methadone - Full opioid agonist, reduces cravings and withdrawal symptoms
Buprenorphine/Naloxone (Suboxone) - Partial agonist, reduces cravings and withdrawal,
lower overdose risk
Naltrexone - Opioid antagonist, blocks euphoric effects, best for highly motivated patients
What criteria are used to diagnose alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the DSM-5-TR? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The DSM-5-TR uses 11 criteria, including impaired control, social impairment, risky
use, and pharmacologic indicators (tolerance/withdrawal). A diagnosis is made based on:
Mild: 2-3 symptoms
Moderate: 4-5 symptoms
Severe: 6 or more symptoms
What are common behavioral signs of alcohol use disorder? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cravings
for alcohol
Continued use despite consequences
Drinking larger amounts or for longer than intended
Failed attempts to cut down