QUESTION AND COLLECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES 2025/2026 Q&A |INSTANT
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1. Which receptor is primarily activated by succinylcholine?
A. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
B. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
C. Dopamine receptor
D. GABA receptor
Correct: A. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor – Succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular
blocker that binds to nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action of propofol?
A. NMDA receptor antagonist
B. Enhances GABA-A receptor activity
C. Blocks sodium channels
D. Stimulates opioid receptors
Correct: B. Enhances GABA-A receptor activity – Propofol potentiates GABA-A, increasing
inhibitory neurotransmission and causing sedation/anesthesia.
3. Which inhaled anesthetic has the lowest blood/gas partition coefficient (fastest
induction)?
A. Isoflurane
B. Sevoflurane
C. Desflurane
D. Halothane
Correct: C. Desflurane – It has the lowest solubility in blood, leading to rapid onset and
emergence.
4. Which local anesthetic is most cardiotoxic?
A. Lidocaine
B. Bupivacaine
C. Mepivacaine
,D. Prilocaine
Correct: B. Bupivacaine – It is highly lipophilic and binds strongly to cardiac sodium channels,
increasing cardiotoxicity risk.
5. Which opioid has the shortest context-sensitive half-life?
A. Morphine
B. Fentanyl
C. Remifentanil
D. Hydromorphone
Correct: C. Remifentanil – Rapidly metabolized by plasma esterases, allowing quick recovery
regardless of infusion duration.
6. What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepines?
A. Atropine
B. Naloxone
C. Flumazenil
D. Neostigmine
Correct: C. Flumazenil – A benzodiazepine receptor antagonist at GABA-A receptor sites.
7. Which factor increases MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) of inhaled anesthetics?
A. Hypothermia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypoxemia
D. Chronic alcohol use
Correct: D. Chronic alcohol use – Increases anesthetic requirements due to CNS tolerance.
8. Which volatile anesthetic is most likely to cause nephrotoxicity?
A. Isoflurane
B. Desflurane
C. Sevoflurane
D. Nitrous oxide
Correct: C. Sevoflurane – Can produce compound A in soda lime, associated with renal injury in
animal studies.
9. Malignant hyperthermia is most commonly triggered by which agents?
A. Midazolam and remifentanil
, B. Propofol and ketamine
C. Succinylcholine and sevoflurane
D. Dexmedetomidine and nitrous oxide
Correct: C. Succinylcholine and sevoflurane – Both are potent MH triggers.
10. What is the first-line treatment for malignant hyperthermia?
A. Amiodarone
B. Dantrolene
C. Epinephrine
D. Calcium chloride
Correct: B. Dantrolene – It inhibits calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, halting the
hypermetabolic crisis.
11. What is the effect of acidosis on local anesthetic activity?
A. Increases effectiveness
B. Decreases effectiveness
C. No effect
D. Increases duration
Correct: B. Decreases effectiveness – Acidosis reduces the fraction of non-ionized drug,
impairing nerve penetration.
12. Which local anesthetic is safest for use in pregnancy (epidural)?
A. Bupivacaine
B. Ropivacaine
C. Lidocaine
D. Etidocaine
Correct: B. Ropivacaine – Less cardiotoxic than bupivacaine and widely used in obstetric
anesthesia.
13. Which neuromuscular blocker is best for rapid sequence induction?
A. Rocuronium
B. Vecuronium
C. Cisatracurium
D. Pancuronium
Correct: A. Rocuronium – Provides rapid onset (60–90 seconds) and is a non-depolarizing
alternative to succinylcholine.