NFSC 100 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
Q: What is nutrition? - Answers A: The science of foods, the nutrients they contain, and their
actions in the human body.
Q: What are the steps of the scientific method?A - Answers : Observation → Hypothesis →
Experiment → Results → Support/Refute → Theory/new questions.
Q: What are the main types of study designs in nutrition? - Answers A: Case study,
epidemiological, laboratory, human intervention (clinical), systematic review/meta-analysis.
Q: Which study design is considered the "gold standard" for cause and effect? - Answers A:
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Q: Which type of evidence is strongest for making public recommendations? - Answers A:
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials.
Q: Which food groups are underconsumed in the U.S. diet? - Answers A: Vegetables, fruits,
whole grains, dairy.
Q: Which food groups are overconsumed in the U.S. diet? - Answers A: Refined grains, added
sugars, saturated fats, sodium.
Q: Define DRI. - Answers A: Dietary Reference Intake - umbrella term for nutrient intake
standards.
Q: Define RDA. - Answers A: Recommended Dietary Allowance - average daily intake to meet
needs of 97-98% of healthy people.
Q: Define AI. - Answers A: Adequate Intake - used when not enough data for an RDA, based on
observed intakes.
Q: Define UL. - Answers A: Tolerable Upper Intake Level - highest intake unlikely to cause harm.
Q: Define CDRR. - Answers A: Chronic Disease Risk Reduction intake - amount shown to reduce
chronic disease risk.
Q: Define AMDR. - Answers A: Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range - % of calories from
each macronutrient associated with good health.
Q: What is the AMDR for carbs, protein, and fat? - Answers A: Carbs: 45-65% | Protein: 10-35% |
Fat: 20-35%.
Q: What are the 4 key recommendations of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines? - Answers A: (1)
Healthy dietary pattern at all stages of life, (2) Customize to culture/preferences/budget, (3)
Focus on nutrient-dense foods, (4) Limit added sugars, sodium, saturated fat, alcohol.
Q: What is nutrition? - Answers A: The science of foods, the nutrients they contain, and their
actions in the human body.
Q: What are the steps of the scientific method?A - Answers : Observation → Hypothesis →
Experiment → Results → Support/Refute → Theory/new questions.
Q: What are the main types of study designs in nutrition? - Answers A: Case study,
epidemiological, laboratory, human intervention (clinical), systematic review/meta-analysis.
Q: Which study design is considered the "gold standard" for cause and effect? - Answers A:
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Q: Which type of evidence is strongest for making public recommendations? - Answers A:
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials.
Q: Which food groups are underconsumed in the U.S. diet? - Answers A: Vegetables, fruits,
whole grains, dairy.
Q: Which food groups are overconsumed in the U.S. diet? - Answers A: Refined grains, added
sugars, saturated fats, sodium.
Q: Define DRI. - Answers A: Dietary Reference Intake - umbrella term for nutrient intake
standards.
Q: Define RDA. - Answers A: Recommended Dietary Allowance - average daily intake to meet
needs of 97-98% of healthy people.
Q: Define AI. - Answers A: Adequate Intake - used when not enough data for an RDA, based on
observed intakes.
Q: Define UL. - Answers A: Tolerable Upper Intake Level - highest intake unlikely to cause harm.
Q: Define CDRR. - Answers A: Chronic Disease Risk Reduction intake - amount shown to reduce
chronic disease risk.
Q: Define AMDR. - Answers A: Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range - % of calories from
each macronutrient associated with good health.
Q: What is the AMDR for carbs, protein, and fat? - Answers A: Carbs: 45-65% | Protein: 10-35% |
Fat: 20-35%.
Q: What are the 4 key recommendations of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines? - Answers A: (1)
Healthy dietary pattern at all stages of life, (2) Customize to culture/preferences/budget, (3)
Focus on nutrient-dense foods, (4) Limit added sugars, sodium, saturated fat, alcohol.
